ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข โ€“ ืฆื•ื—ืง ืžื™ ืฉืฆื•ื—ืง ืื—ืจื•ืŸ

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื˜ืดื• ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืณืชืฉืขืดื–
 
16/11/2016
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ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข โ€“ ื•ื™ืจื โ€“ ืฆื•ื—ืง ืžื™ ืฉืฆื•ื—ืง ืื—ืจื•ืŸ

ืื ื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืื—ื™ื–ืชื ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฆื•, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื›ืจื’ืข ืžืชืžืฆื™ื ื‘"ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”" ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง.
ื›ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ืื ื• ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื›ืš ื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืื•ืชื” ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืขื›ื•. ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ืขื•ืกืงืช, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ืืš ื—ืœืง ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืžืžื ื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื“ืจืฉื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”? ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืคืœื˜ืจื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืœืš, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืœ ื—ื˜ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื•ืฉื‘ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™: ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืขืกื•ืง โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื™ืงืฉื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ื’ื ืื ื• ื›ืš. ืื ื• "ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ" ื•ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื ืกื” ืœื ืชื— ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืขืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ื•: ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื—ื™ืœืง ืžืœืš ื™ืจื“ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืฉื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ืืš ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื ืื ืฉื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืื•ืœื, ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื”? ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื•ืžืจ: ืื ื ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื โ€“ ื ืชืžื•ื“ื“. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ืื• ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ื ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช. ืืš ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื• โ€“ ืื ื• ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื ื. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™. ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื”?
ื›ื ืจืื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉืื ื• ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืืจืฅ, ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืœื“ืขืชื• "ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื", ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืœืงืขืงืข ืืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฆื•. ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช "ืคืจืฉืช ืขืžื•ื ื”".

ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื’ืจืžื• ืœื™ ืœื—ืคืฉ ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉืช "ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข". ื•ื”ื ื”, ืœื”ืคืชืขืชื™, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ืคืจืฉืช "ืœืš ืœืš", ืขื•ืกืงืช ื›ื•ืœื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื—ื™ืœืชื”, ืฉื‘ื” ืžืฆื˜ื•ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ืขื“ ืœืกื•ืคื”, ืฉื‘ื” ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื”. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ื•ื™ืจื" ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื’ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”' ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืงื“ื” โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืื ื›ืš, ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืขื” ืื™ื ื• ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš, ืืคื•ื, ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืกืงืช ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืขื”.

ืืช ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื ืคืชื— ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื "ื’, ื™"ื):

"ื•ืชืจื ืฉืจื” ืืช ื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช". ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ืื™: ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื’ื ืื™, ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืฉื‘ื—.
ื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื) "ื•ืชืจื ืฉืจื” ืืช ื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ืœื“ื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืžืฆื—ืง", ืื™ืŸ "ืžืฆื—ืง" ืืœื ื’ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ืš ืžื” ื“ืืช ืืžืจืช: (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœ"ื˜): "ื‘ื ืืœื™ ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืืช ืœื ื• ืœืฆื—ืง ื‘ื™". ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืืžื ื• ืฉืจื” ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ ื ืฉื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื” ืื•ืชืŸ. ืชื ื™, ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืื•ืžืจ: ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื—ื•ืง ืืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ"ื‘): "ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื”ืขื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ื™ืงื•ืžื• ืœืฆื—ืง". ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืืžื ื• ืฉืจื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื‘ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฆื—ื•ืง ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื, ื”ื™ืš ืžื” ื“ืืช ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘' ื‘'): "ื™ืงื•ืžื• ื ื ื”ื ืขืจื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื—ืงื• ืœืคื ื™ื ื•". ืจื‘ื™ ืขื–ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ืืžืจ: ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืœื™ืฆื—ืง: ื ืœืš ื•ื ืจืื” ื—ืœืงื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืงืฉืช ื•ื—ืฆื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืฆื—ืง, ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื›"ื•): "ื›ืžืชืœื”ืœื” ื”ื™ื•ืจื” ื–ืงื™ื ื•ื’ื•' ื›ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืจึดืžื” ืืช ืจืขื”ื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื ืžืฆื—ืง ืื ื™".
ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืฉื‘ื—, ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื—ื•ืง ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉื”, ืฉื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ: ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืืชื, ืื ื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืื ื™ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื. ืฉืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืืžื ื• ืฉืจื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื "ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื™ืจืฉ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขื ื‘ื ื™" ืืชื” ืœืžื“.
"ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื™ืจืฉ ืขื ื‘ื ื™", ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ืฆื—ืง, "ื•ืขื ื™ืฆื—ืง", ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื™, ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ "ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืขื ื™ืฆื—ืง".

ื™ืฉ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ.
ื. ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉ"ืžืฆื—ืง" ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื. ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื—ืื™ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ืคืกื•ืง. ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ืฉ"ืžืฆื—ืง" ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉื”?
ื‘. "ืขื ื‘ื ื™ โ€“ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ืขื ื™ืฆื—ืง โ€“ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื™" โ€“ ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื”? ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ.

ืžื”ื• ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง? ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื‘ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืคืชื™ืข, ืœื ื˜ื‘ืขื™. ื›ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ โ€“ ื–ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง.

ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื. ื–ื”ื• ืžืื‘ืง ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ, ืืš ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืฉืจื”. ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื“ื™ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืฉืจื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ1.
ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื, ื‘'-ื”'):

ื•ึทืชึผึทื”ึทืจ ื•ึทืชึผึตืœึถื“ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืœึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึผึตืŸ ืœึดื–ึฐืงึปื ึธื™ื• ืœึทืžึผื•ึนืขึตื“ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ืึนืชื•ึน ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื. ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึถืช ืฉืึถื ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน ื”ึทื ึผื•ึนืœึทื“ ืœื•ึน ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธืœึฐื“ึธื” ืœึผื•ึน ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง. ื•ึทื™ึผึธืžึธืœ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึถืช ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ืึนืชื•ึน ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื. ื•ึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืžึฐืึทืช ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื”ึดื•ึผึธืœึถื“ ืœื•ึน ืึตืช ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน.

ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื, ื˜'):

ื•ึทืชึผึตืจึถื ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืึถืช ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื”ึธื’ึธืจ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึดื™ืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธืœึฐื“ึธื” ืœึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืžึฐืฆึทื—ึตืง: .

ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžืฆื—ืง. ื ืจืื”, ืฉื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: "ืฆื•ื—ืง ืžื™ ืฉืฆื•ื—ืง ืื—ืจื•ืŸ". ืืžื ื ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ. ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื™ืจื•ืฉื”. ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžืฆื—ืง ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื "ื™ืฆื—ืง" ื”ืืžื™ืชื™, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืฉื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืื•ืชื•.
ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš, ืฉืจื” ืคื•ื ื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื, ื™'):

ื•ึทืชึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื’ึผึธืจึตืฉื ื”ึธืึธืžึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ื™ึดื™ืจึทืฉื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื”ึธืึธืžึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืขึดื ื‘ึผึฐื ึดื™ ืขึดื ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง.

ืฉืจื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื›ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื, ื™"ื):

ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจึทืข ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืขึทืœ ืื•ึนื“ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน.

ืื‘ืจื”ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื›ื‘ื ื•, ื•ืฉืจื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื "ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืžื”". ื–ื”ื• ื”ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืฉืจื” โ€“ ื”ืื ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืœื• ื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื›ื“ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื, ื™"ื‘-ื™"ื’):

ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึถืœ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึทืœ ื™ึตืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื ึผึทืขึทืจ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืึฒืžึธืชึถืšึธ ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึนืืžึทืจ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืฉืึฐืžึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืงึนืœึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ื™ึดืงึผึธืจึตื ืœึฐืšึธ ื–ึธืจึทืข. ื•ึฐื’ึทื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื”ึธืึธืžึธื” ืœึฐื’ื•ึนื™ ืึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืžึถื ึผื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขึฒืšึธ ื”ื•ึผื.

ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืžื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.

ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืžื”", ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื”. ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ ื ืืžืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ืœ', ื›"ื-ื›"ื’):

ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืฉืึธืœื•ึนืฉื ืจึธื’ึฐื–ึธื” ืึถืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐืชึทื—ึทืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืœึนื ืชื•ึผื›ึทืœ ืฉื‚ึฐืึตืช. ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืขึถื‘ึถื“ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืžึฐืœื•ึนืšึฐ ื•ึฐื ึธื‘ึธืœ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืœึธื—ึถื. ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืฉื‚ึฐื ื•ึผืึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดื‘ึผึธืขึตืœ ื•ึฐืฉืึดืคึฐื—ึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดื™ืจึทืฉื ื’ึผึฐื‘ึดืจึฐืชึผึธื”ึผ.

ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืจื’ื™ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืืช ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื’ื™ื– ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืขื“ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืืช ืื•ืชื•. ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”? "ืฉืคื—ื” ื›ื™ ืชื™ืจืฉ ื’ื‘ื™ืจืชื”". ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžืฉืœื™ ืคืจืฉื” ืœ') ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ืจ.
ื”ื’ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉืคื—ืช ืฉืจื”. ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืžื‘ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืœื”ื” ื•ื–ืœืคื” ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™-ื”. ื”ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืคื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจื”.
ืื•ืœื ื”ื’ืจ ืœื ืžื›ืคื™ืคื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœืฉืจื”, ืืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœื™ื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื˜"ื–, ื“'): "ื•ึทืชึผึตืงึทืœ ื’ึผึฐื‘ึดืจึฐืชึผึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึถื™ื”ึธ". ื”ื’ืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื•ืžืจืช ืœืฉืจื” โ€“ ื”ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื ืžืžื ื™ ื•ืœื ืžืžืš. ืื ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช. ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืงื•ืœื˜ ืืช ื”ืžืกืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืืžื•, ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
ื’ื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ืš. ืืžื ื, ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื—ืœื™ืœื”. ืืš ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื›"ืึทื‘ ื”ึฒืžื•ึนืŸ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™"ื–, ื”') โ€“ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ. ื’ื ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื ื•, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื™ืฆื—ืง.

ื•ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ. ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื• ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืช ื”"ืžืฆื—ืง" ืœืฉื‘ื—. ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ื”ื™ื, ืฉ"ืžืฆื—ืง" ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื—ื˜ืื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ, ืืœื ืœืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืœืจืฉืช ืื•ืชื•2.
ืื‘ืจื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื’ื ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืฉืจื” ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืงื•ืœื˜ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืืฉื•ืจื• ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ. ื’ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื” ื›ืš. ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•, ื•ืจื‘ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื“ืื’ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืขืงื‘. ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืืœื• ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืžื”. "ืื•ืžื”" ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ "ืืžื", ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืงื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ื“ื•ืื’ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•ื ืงื™.

ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ3, ืืœื ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžื•ืกืจื™ โ€“ ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื• ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืžื•ืง ืžืื•ื“. ืจืง ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื•ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ. ื’ื ืื—ืจ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืฉืชื›ื ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืงื•. ื”ืจื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืงื™ืจื‘ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื” ืœืื‘ืง ืจื’ืœื™ื•. ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฉ ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื•ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืชื—ืช ื›ื ืคื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•.
ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง ืžื•ื‘ื (ื—"ื‘ ื•ืืจื, ืœ"ื‘ ืข"ื), ืฉื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื›ื— ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื. ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™"ื–, ื™"ื—): "ืœื•ึผ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืขึตืืœ ื™ึดื—ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ". ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืจืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืจืื” ื‘ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื’ืจื ืœื• ืœืงืจื‘ ืื•ืชื•. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืกื“, ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืจืฆื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื• ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืฉืœื•.
ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง (ื—"ื ื•ื™ืจื ืงื™"ื— ืข"ื‘) ืžื•ื‘ื, ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื ื™ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื ื™ืขืงื‘. ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช, ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื”. ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ โ€“ ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืกื“.

ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืžืžืฉื™ืš ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื”ืื ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืงืจืงืข ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื, ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืจื•ืก ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืœืคืจืง ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช? ืื• ืฉืžื ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื—ืกื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš โ€“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืงืจืงืข?
ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื˜ื”ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืจืฅ ื‘ืง"ืŸ ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื›ืฉื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขืจื‘ื™ื. ืžื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื’ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื˜ืžื ืืช ื”ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœืช ื‘ืง"ืŸ ื˜ืขืžื™ื, ื›ืฉื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืฉืื™ืชื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ืขืœ ืงื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื“. ืขืœ ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ: "ืืœ ืชืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืง"ืŸืง"ืŸ ืืœื ื‘ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื•". ืœื ื”ืคืœืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ, ืืœื ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช, ื”ืืžืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

ื•ื›ืื– ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืžื”ืŸ ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืชืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช? ืžื”ื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช? ืžื™ื”ื• ื”ื’ื–ืœืŸ ื•ืžื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื’ื–ืœ? ืืœื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืจ, ื•ืื™ืชืŸ ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“.

ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœ"ืขืžื•ื ื”" ืช"ื•.
ืื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืœื”' ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืกืชื“ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืžืฉื”ื•. ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
ืื—ืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื, ืฉื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื›ืš. ื”ืื•ืžื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ืœืจืฆื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฆื•.
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืš, ืืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ "ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื".
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืขืจ, ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืื‘ืง ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™. ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขืฆืžื ื•, ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ "ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื". ืื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืื—ืช ืขืฉืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื—ืœืคื• ืžืื– ื”ื”ืชื ืชืงื•ืช ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื "ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื" ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืชื ืชืงื•ืช โ€“ ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ืขืžื•ื ื”. ืื ื• ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื™ื ื•ื™, ื•ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื”.

ื‘ืžืฉืืœ ืžืชืคืงื“ื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื ืชืงื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื• ื›-40,000 (ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืืœืฃ) ืื™ืฉ ืืช ื“ืขืชื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ืื– ื‘"ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื" ื—ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื–ื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฆื“ ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืขืจื›ื™ื”. ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืงืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš 11 ืฉื ื™ื? ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืจื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืืจืฅ. ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืคืกืงื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื โ€“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื”ืืžื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืขืžื•ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ืฉื ื•ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืŸ ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืขืจืš. ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ, ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ื ื™ืโ€ฆ
ืื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืคื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื โ€“ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ื—ืœื™ืœื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืขื. ืืช ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืงืฉื” โ€“ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืฉืœื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืž'ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื', ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื›ื". ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช. ืื ืžืชื•ืš 8 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืจืง ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืคืชื—ื• ืืช ื“ืœืชื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืจืง 800,000 ืื™ืฉ ื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืข โ€“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื‘ืื•ืžื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืคืกืงื”, ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืจืฅ.
ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืขืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื".
ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื”ืจื™ ื”ืืžืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื” โ€“ ืื ืจืง ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื•. ืื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ืขืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ืช ื•ืœื ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื™ืจืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ืžื—ื‘ืจืช โ€“ ื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘.

ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ืงื‘"ื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›"ื, ื™"ื‘): "ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ื™ึดืงึผึธืจึตื ืœึฐืšึธ ื–ึธืจึทืข". ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื• ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ ืฉืฆื•ื—ืง.
ืื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืฉื’ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื ื• ื ืขืžื•ื“ ื•ื ืฆื—ืง โ€“ ื ืขืžื•ื“ ื•ื ืกืงื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ื•ื ืจืื” ืื™ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื โ€“ ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ืจืš ืืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘. ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืคืชื™ืข, ื•ืื ื• ื ืขืžื•ื“ ื•ื ืฆื—ืง, ื›ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื›"ื•, ื‘'): "ืึธื– ื™ึดืžึผึธืœึตื ืฉื‚ึฐื—ื•ึนืง ืคึผึดื™ื ื•ึผ".


1 ืขื™' ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง ื—"ื ื•ื™ืจื, ืงื™"ื— ืข"ื‘, ื•ืจืื” ื‘"ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข" ื—"ื ืขืž' 85 ื•ื”ืœืื”.
2 ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง (ื—"ื ื•ื™ืจื ืงื™"ื— ืข"ื‘) ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืžืฆื—ืง" ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืกืชื™ืจื”. ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื’ื ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ืืš ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืืŸ, "ื•ืชืจื ืฉืจื” ืืช ื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืชโ€ฆ ืžืฆื—ืง" ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื‘ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ, ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
3 ืืžื ื ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ (ื‘', ื™"ื“): "ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื”ื™ื ื ืคืœื” ื”ืงื ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœโ€ฆ", ืื•ืœื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *