ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข โ€“ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ืก

ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข >> ืฉืžื•ืช >> ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืดื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ืณืชืฉืขืดื–
 
22/02/2017
5
ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข โ€“ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื โ€“ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ืก

ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžื–ื•ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื–ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืจืืฉื™ืชื” ืœืกื•ืคื”.

ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืคืจืฉื” (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื, ื'-ื‘'):

ื•ึฐืึตืœึผึถื” ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึธืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื. ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืงึฐื ึถื” ืขึถื‘ึถื“ ืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ ืฉืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื ื™ึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“ ื•ึผื‘ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดืขึดืช ื™ึตืฆึตื ืœึทื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ ื—ึดื ึผึธื.

ื“ื ื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืคืจืฉืช ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™.
ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื. ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืกื™ื“ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงืœ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื, ื™"ื‘ โ€“ ื›"ื‘, ื”'):

ื”ื•ืจื’ ืื“ื: ืžึทื›ึผึตื” ืึดื™ืฉื ื•ึธืžึตืช ืžื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึผืžึธืช. ื•ึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ืฆึธื“ึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึดื ึผึธื” ืœึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึทืžึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธื ื•ึผืก ืฉืึธืžึผึธื”. ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึธื–ึดื“ ืึดื™ืฉื ืขึทืœ ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ืœึฐื”ึธืจึฐื’ื•ึน ื‘ึฐืขึธืจึฐืžึธื” ืžึตืขึดื ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ ืชึผึดืงึผึธื—ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืœึธืžื•ึผืช. ื•ึผืžึทื›ึผึตื” ืึธื‘ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐืึดืžึผื•ึน ืžื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึผืžึธืช. ื•ึฐื’ึนื ึตื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ื•ึผืžึฐื›ึธืจื•ึน ื•ึฐื ึดืžึฐืฆึธื ื‘ึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืžื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึผืžึธืช. ื•ึผืžึฐืงึทืœึผึตืœ ืึธื‘ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐืึดืžึผื•ึน ืžื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึผืžึธืช.
ืคื•ืฆืข ืื“ื: ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึฐืจึดื™ื‘ึปืŸ ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึดื›ึผึธื” ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืึถื‘ึถืŸ ืื•ึน ื‘ึฐืึถื’ึฐืจึนืฃ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึธืžื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื ึธืคึทืœ ืœึฐืžึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธื‘. ืึดื ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื”ึทืœึผึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทื—ื•ึผืฅ ืขึทืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืขึทื ึฐืชึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื ึดืงึผึธื” ื”ึทืžึผึทื›ึผึถื” ืจึทืง ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืชึผื•ึน ื™ึดืชึผึตืŸ ื•ึฐืจึทืคึผึนื ื™ึฐืจึทืคึผึตื. ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึทื›ึผึถื” ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ืื•ึน ืึถืช ืึฒืžึธืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึตื‘ึถื˜ ื•ึผืžึตืช ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื ึธืงึนื ื™ึดื ึผึธืงึตื. ืึทืšึฐ ืึดื ื™ื•ึนื ืื•ึน ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึดื ื™ึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ืœึนื ื™ึปืงึผึทื ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึทืกึฐืคึผื•ึน ื”ื•ึผื. ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึดื ึผึธืฆื•ึผ ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื ึธื’ึฐืคื•ึผ ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื”ึธืจึธื” ื•ึฐื™ึธืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื™ึฐืœึธื“ึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืึธืกื•ึนืŸ ืขึธื ื•ึนืฉื ื™ึตืขึธื ึตืฉื ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืŸ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐืœึดืœึดื™ื. ื•ึฐืึดื ืึธืกื•ึนืŸ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึธื” ื ึถืคึถืฉื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื ึธืคึถืฉื. ืขึทื™ึดืŸ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืขึทื™ึดืŸ ืฉืึตืŸ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืฉืึตืŸ ื™ึธื“ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื™ึธื“ ืจึถื’ึถืœ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืจึธื’ึถืœ. ื›ึผึฐื•ึดื™ึผึธื” ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื›ึผึฐื•ึดื™ึผึธื” ืคึผึถืฆึทืข ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืคึผึธืฆึทืข ื—ึทื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื” ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื—ึทื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื”. ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึทื›ึผึถื” ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืขึตื™ืŸ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ืื•ึน ืึถืช ืขึตื™ืŸ ืึฒืžึธืชื•ึน ื•ึฐืฉืึดื—ึฒืชึธื”ึผ ืœึทื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึฐื—ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืขึตื™ื ื•ึน. ื•ึฐืึดื ืฉืึตืŸ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ืื•ึน ืฉืึตืŸ ืึฒืžึธืชื•ึน ื™ึทืคึผึดื™ืœ ืœึทื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึฐื—ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืฉืึดื ึผื•ึน.
ื ื–ืงื™ ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืื“ื: ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึดื’ึผึทื— ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืึถืช ืึดื™ืฉื ืื•ึน ืึถืช ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื•ึธืžึตืช ืกึธืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึดืกึผึธืงึตืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืจื•ึน ื•ึผื‘ึทืขึทืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื ึธืงึดื™. ื•ึฐืึดื ืฉืื•ึนืจ ื ึทื’ึผึธื— ื”ื•ึผื ืžึดืชึผึฐืžึนืœ ืฉืึดืœึฐืฉืึนื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผืขึทื“ ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืจึถื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึฐื”ึตืžึดื™ืช ืึดื™ืฉื ืื•ึน ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื™ึดืกึผึธืงึตืœ ื•ึฐื’ึทื ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื™ื•ึผืžึธืช. ืึดื ื›ึผึนืคึถืจ ื™ื•ึผืฉืึทืช ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืŸ ืคึผึดื“ึฐื™ึนืŸ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึน ื›ึผึฐื›ึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ื•ึผืฉืึทืช ืขึธืœึธื™ื•. ืื•ึน ื‘ึตืŸ ื™ึดื’ึผึธื— ืื•ึน ื‘ึทืช ื™ึดื’ึผึธื— ื›ึผึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื™ึตืขึธืฉื‚ึถื” ืœึผื•ึน. ืึดื ืขึถื‘ึถื“ ื™ึดื’ึผึทื— ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ืื•ึน ืึธืžึธื” ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ืฉืึฐืงึธืœึดื™ื ื™ึดืชึผึตืŸ ืœึทืื“ึนื ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื™ึดืกึผึธืงึตืœ.
ื ื–ืงื™ ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื”ืžื”: ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึดืคึฐืชึผึทื— ืึดื™ืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึนืจ ืื•ึน ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดื›ึฐืจึถื” ืึดื™ืฉื ื‘ึผึนืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึฐื›ึทืกึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึฐื ึธืคึทืœ ืฉืึธืžึผึธื” ืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ืื•ึน ื—ึฒืžื•ึนืจ. ื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผื•ึนืจ ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ื™ึธืฉืึดื™ื‘ ืœึดื‘ึฐืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึตืช ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึผื•ึน.
ื ื–ืงื™ ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื”ืžื”: ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึดื’ึผึนืฃ ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื•ึธืžึตืช ื•ึผืžึธื›ึฐืจื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ ื•ึฐื—ึธืฆื•ึผ ืึถืช ื›ึผึทืกึฐืคึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื’ึทื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึตืช ื™ึถื—ึฑืฆื•ึผืŸ. ืื•ึน ื ื•ึนื“ึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืื•ึนืจ ื ึทื’ึผึธื— ื”ื•ึผื ืžึดืชึผึฐืžื•ึนืœ ืฉืึดืœึฐืฉืึนื ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืจึถื ึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืฉืึทืœึผึตื ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึตืช ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึผื•ึน.
ื ื–ืงื™ ื’ื ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื”ืžื”: ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดื’ึฐื ึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืื•ึน ืฉื‚ึถื” ื•ึผื˜ึฐื‘ึธื—ื•ึน ืื•ึน ืžึฐื›ึธืจื•ึน ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ื‘ึธืงึธืจ ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืฆึนืืŸ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึถื”. ืึดื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึถืจึถืช ื™ึดืžึผึธืฆึตื ื”ึทื’ึผึทื ึผึธื‘ ื•ึฐื”ึปื›ึผึธื” ื•ึธืžึตืช ืึตื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ื“ึผึธืžึดื™ื. ืึดื ื–ึธืจึฐื—ึธื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึถืžึถืฉื ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื“ึผึธืžึดื™ื ืœื•ึน ืฉืึทืœึผึตื ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื ืึดื ืึตื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ื•ึฐื ึดืžึฐื›ึผึทืจ ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐื ึตื‘ึธืชื•ึน. ืึดื ื”ึดืžึผึธืฆึตื ืชึดืžึผึธืฆึตื ื‘ึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื ึตื‘ึธื” ืžึดืฉึผืื•ึนืจ ืขึทื“ ื—ึฒืžื•ึนืจ ืขึทื“ ืฉื‚ึถื” ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื.
ื ื–ืงื™ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื‘ืฆื•ืžื—: ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึทื‘ึฐืขึถืจ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื” ืื•ึน ื›ึถืจึถื ื•ึฐืฉืึดืœึผึทื— ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืขึดื™ืจื•ึน ื•ึผื‘ึดืขึตืจ ื‘ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐื“ึตื” ืึทื—ึตืจ ืžึตื™ื˜ึทื‘ ืฉื‚ึธื“ึตื”ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึตื™ื˜ึทื‘ ื›ึผึทืจึฐืžื•ึน ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื.
ื ื–ืงื™ ืืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืžื—: ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึตืฆึตื ืึตืฉื ื•ึผืžึธืฆึฐืึธื” ืงึนืฆึดื™ื ื•ึฐื ึถืึฑื›ึทืœ ื’ึผึธื“ึดื™ืฉื ืื•ึน ื”ึทืงึผึธืžึธื” ืื•ึน ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ึถื” ืฉืึทืœึผึตื ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื ื”ึทืžึผึทื‘ึฐืขึดืจ ืึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืขึตืจึธื”.

ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช1.

ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช, ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืคืชื—ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื—. ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจืื‘"ืข (ืœืคืกื•ืง ื‘'):

ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ื”ื•, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขื‘ื“.

ื”ืจืื‘"ืข ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจื™ื ืžื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ืง ืžื›ืš ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืงืฉื” ืืฃ ืžืžื•ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžื•ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื›ืฉืื“ื ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœืจืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื•ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืชื™ื—ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื”:

ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ ื‘ื• (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื• ื˜ื•): "ื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื™ืคื“ืš ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ืš ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื". ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืขื•ื“ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืœืขื‘ื“ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืŸ ืžืžืœืื›ืช ืื“ื•ื ื™ื• ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™. ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉืžื˜ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“, ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื“ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขื“ ื•ื™ื›ืœื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื›ื‘ื“ืช ืžืื“, ืจื•ืžื–ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช.

ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ, ืฉื”ืคืชื™ื—ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ืœื ื‘ืื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžืฆื“ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช. ื™ืฆื™ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืฉื‘ืช, ืœืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ืœื™ื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื ื›ื‘ื“, ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื”.
ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช. ื›ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”' (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›', ื‘'): "ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึดื™ืšึธ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึดื™ื", ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ืืชื” ื™ืฆืืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ืš ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช.
ื”ืจืื‘"ืข ืื•ืžืจ: ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ: ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.

ืคืจืฉืช ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืขืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื’ืžืจื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืœ"ื’, ื•'):

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึฑืžื•ึผื ึทืช ืขึดืชึผึถื™ืšึธ ื—ึนืกึถืŸ ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึนืช ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึทืช ื•ึธื“ึธืขึทืช ื™ึดืจึฐืึทืช ื”' ื”ึดื™ื ืื•ึนืฆึธืจื•ึน.

ืขืœ ืฉืฉื” ืกื“ืจื™ ืžืฉื ื” (ืฉื‘ืช ืœ"ื ืข"ื):

ืืžืจ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ: ืžืื™ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘: "ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ื ืช ืขืชื™ืš ื—ืกืŸ ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ื—ื›ืžืช ื•ื“ืขืช ื•ื’ื•'", "ืืžื•ื ืช" โ€“ ื–ื” ืกื“ืจ ื–ืจืขื™ื, "ืขืชื™ืš" โ€“ ื–ื” ืกื“ืจ ืžื•ืขื“, "ื—ื•ืกืŸ" โ€“ ื–ื” ืกื“ืจ ื ืฉื™ื, "ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช" โ€“ ื–ื” ืกื“ืจ ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ, "ื—ื›ืžืช" โ€“ ื–ื” ืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, "ื•ื“ืขืช" โ€“ ื–ื” ืกื“ืจ ื˜ื”ืจื•ืชโ€ฆ

ืกื“ืจ ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” โ€“ ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ (ื”ืœ' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื‘ ื”"ื–):

ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืŸ ืœื‘ ืืžื™ืฅ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืขืฉื•ืง ืžื™ื“ ืขื•ืฉืงื• ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ื•ื™ืงื ืžืฉื” ื•ื™ื•ืฉื™ืขืŸ".

ืกื“ืจ ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื—ื“ ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•, ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ื™ื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื™ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ืืžืจ ืงื”ืœืช (ืงื”ืœืช ื—', ื˜'):

ืขึตืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉืึธืœึทื˜ ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐืจึทืข ืœื•ึน.

ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืข, ื•ืกื“ืจ ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืชื™ื—ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ืช, ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”.

ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื“ื•ืžื” (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื’, ื›"ื”):

ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึตืจึทืšึฐ ืึถืช ืœึทื—ึฐืžึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืžึตื™ืžึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึทื”ึฒืกึดืจึนืชึดื™ ืžึทื—ึฒืœึธื” ืžึดืงึผึดืจึฐื‘ึผึถืšึธ.

ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืืœืชื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืคืจืฉื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืœื“ืขืชื ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”. ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™, ืืš ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื”. ืืš ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ.
ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”', ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื‘ื ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืœื• (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื’, ื›'-ื›"ื”)

ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืฉืึนืœึตื—ึท ืžึทืœึฐืึธืšึฐ ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึธืจึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึทื“ึผึธืจึถืšึฐ ื•ึฐืœึทื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืึฒืšึธ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึฒื›ึดื ึนืชึดื™. ื”ึดืฉึผืึธืžึถืจ ืžึดืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืงึนืœื•ึน ืึทืœ ืชึผึทืžึผึตืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ืœึฐืคึดืฉืึฐืขึฒื›ึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึฐืžึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืงึดืจึฐื‘ึผื•ึน. ื›ึผึดื™ ืึดื ืฉืึธืžึนืขึท ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืžึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืงึนืœื•ึน ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฒื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื•ึฐืึธื™ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ืึนื™ึฐื‘ึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐืฆึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ืฆึนืจึฐืจึถื™ืšึธ. ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึตืœึตืšึฐ ืžึทืœึฐืึธื›ึดื™ ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึถื”ึฑื‘ึดื™ืึฒืšึธ ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึฑืžึนืจึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึดืชึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึดื–ึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึทื—ึดื•ึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึดื›ึฐื—ึทื“ึฐืชึผึดื™ื•. ืœึนื ืชึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ึถื” ืœึตืืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึธืขึธื‘ึฐื“ึตื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื›ึผึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึธืจึตืก ืชึผึฐื”ึธืจึฐืกึตื ื•ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืชึผึฐืฉืึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืžึทืฆึผึตื‘ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื.

ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื’, ืœ"ื’):

ืœึนื ื™ึตืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึฐืšึธ ืคึผึถืŸ ื™ึทื—ึฒื˜ึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึนืชึฐืšึธ ืœึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“ ืึถืช ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืšึธ ืœึฐืžื•ึนืงึตืฉื.

ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืชื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืื“ื ืžืฉืชืขื‘ื“, ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœึฐืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืขื‘ื“. ื”ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื“ ืœืื“ื ืื—ืจ, ืขื‘ื“ ืœืืœื”ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืื• ืฉื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”'. ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืื“ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”'. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื•.
ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช ืฉื•ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ื”"ืœ:

ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื
ืจืง ืขื‘ื“ ื”' ื”ื•ื ืœื‘ื“ื• ื—ื•ืคืฉื™
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉ ื›ืœ ืื ื•ืฉ ื—ืœืงื• โ€“
ื—ืœืงื™ ื”', ืืžืจื” ื ืคืฉื™.

ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, "ื›ื™ ืชืงื ื” ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™", ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืžืช ื‘"ื•ืขื‘ื“ืชื ืืช ื”' ืืœืงื™ื›ื".
ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื—ื“ ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•. ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืขื ืขื•ืœืžื• ื•ืขื ืจื›ื•ืฉื•, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื•.

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื "ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข"?
ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืื• ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืžื•ื ื•, ืขืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ. ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื• ืื• ื‘ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ื•.
ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืœื•ืงื— ืžื”ืื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื‘ื“. ื—ื–"ืœ ื•ืจื™ื”"ืœ ื›ืฉื“ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื”ืขืœื• ื‘ื“ืขืชื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื“ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื“ ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจ. ื‘ืžืงื•ื "ื›ื™ ืชืงื ื” ืขื‘ื“" โ€“ "ื›ื™ ืชืงื ื” ืื“ื•ืŸ"โ€ฆ
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืฆืืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ืงื” ืขื ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ โ€“ ืฉืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช ื™ืฆื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื™โ€ฆ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœืื“ื ืฉื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื•. ื•ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ืžืชื›ืช?
ื”ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืจื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื“ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจ.
ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ, ื•ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื•. ื–ื• ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžืžื ื”.

ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•: ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”.
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช:

ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึตืจึทืšึฐ ืึถืช ืœึทื—ึฐืžึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืžึตื™ืžึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึทื”ึฒืกึดืจึนืชึดื™ ืžึทื—ึฒืœึธื” ืžึดืงึผึดืจึฐื‘ึผึถืšึธ.

ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”. ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื“ืจื›ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉืคืข, ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช.
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงื•ืจืืช ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”.
ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข. 'ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื™, ืœืžื” ื—ื–"ืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื™ ืžื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“?'
ืืžื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื›ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืขื‘ื“ ืœื”'.
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœื ื• ืžื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“. ื›ืฉืื“ื ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• โ€“ ืœืื™ื–ื• ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข? ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืกืชืคืงื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ืโ€ฆ ื—ื–"ืœ ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื. ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื•.
ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžืœืš, ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ืืžืจื•ืช โ€“ ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.

ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื: "ื•ื‘ืจืš ืืช ืœื—ืžืš ื•ืืช ืžื™ืžื™ืš". ืืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื:

ืึถืช ืึตื™ืžึธืชึดื™ ืึฒืฉืึทืœึผึทื— ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึนืชึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึธื‘ึนื ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืึนื™ึฐื‘ึถื™ืšึธ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ืขึนืจึถืฃ. ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœึทื—ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทืฆึผึดืจึฐืขึธื” ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื’ึตืจึฐืฉืึธื” ืึถืช ื”ึทื—ึดื•ึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื—ึดืชึผึดื™ ืžึดืœึผึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ. ืœึนื ืึฒื’ึธืจึฐืฉืึถื ึผื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธื ึธื” ืึถื—ึธืช ืคึผึถืŸ ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึฐืžึธืžึธื” ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึธื” ืขึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ื—ึทื™ึผึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ึถื”. ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ืึฒื’ึธืจึฐืฉืึถื ึผื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ืขึทื“ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึดืคึฐืจึถื” ื•ึฐื ึธื—ึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ.

ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.
ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” "ืงืœืฃ ืžื ืฆื—" ื‘ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื โ€“ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช. ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืžืชืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจื•ื‘. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
ื•ื”ื ื”, "ืžืขื˜ ืžืขื˜" ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื’ืžื”. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืœื•ื“ื”, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื” โ€“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืชืงืจื‘ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื–ื”ื• ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™. ื‘ืจื›ืช "ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ืชืคืจื”" ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.
ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ โ€“ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื ื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื’ื ืืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ. ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ื ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื–ื‘ื•. ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœื ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงืช, ืืš ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื• ืชื•ืคืขื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืื•ื“.
"ืžืขื˜ ืžืขื˜ ืื’ืจืฉื ื• ืžืคื ื™ืš".
ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ืก. ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ื”.
ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื›ืืŸ, ื›ืžื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ืžืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืขืฆืžืŸ. ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื•ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื’ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ. ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืœืฅ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ืชืงืข ื‘ืžืคื•ืœืช ืฉืœื’ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืคืขื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืื™ืช. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืžืฉืชืื” ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžื”ื™ ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
ืืžื ื ื‘ืฉื’ืจื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืœืžื“ืช ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•. ื–ื• ื—ื•ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืžืชื’ืฉืžื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.

ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื—ืกื“ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื" ืื•ืžืจ, ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืงืจื ืฆื“ื™ืง, ื’ื ืื ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื”ืคื•ืš ืžื–ื”. ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉืข โ€“ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืงื™ืื” ืื•ืชื•. ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืฃ ื—ื™, ื•ื›ืฉืžืฉื”ื• "ืžื’ืขื™ืœ" ืื•ืชื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื ืคื•ืœื˜ืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”. ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืจื“ ืžื”ืืจืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ืžืงื™ืื” ืื•ืชื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื.

ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื•. ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ืœืคื ื™ื ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื›"ื•, ื‘'):

ืึธื– ื™ึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื‘ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื”ึดื’ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœ ื”' ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืขึดื ืึตืœึผึถื”.

ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื›"ื•, ื’'):

ื”ึดื’ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœ ื”' ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ ื”ึธื™ึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืฉื‚ึฐืžึตื—ึดื™ื.

ืืฆืœื ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื "ืœืžื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื’ืžืจื?", ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ "ื’ืžืจื ืœืžื”". ื•ื”ื ื”, ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœื™ื”ื ืงื•ืจื™ืื ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื’ืžืจื. ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื” ืžืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื’ืžืจื, ื•ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืขืชื™ืง ืืช ื–ื”. ื”ื ืœื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืœืžื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื’ืžืจื (ื”ื ื’ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”โ€ฆ).
ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืขืจื›ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•.

ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืžื ื (ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“', ื’'):

ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืื•ืžืชื ื•, ืœื ืชืกืžื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ืžืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื•ืžื™ื”โ€ฆ

ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืง ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืœื—ื ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืชืงืŸ. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช:

โ€ฆืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืชื”, ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืคืฉื™ืช, ื ืงื™ื” ืžื›ืœ ืžื•ื. ื›ื•ืœืš ื™ืคื” ืจืขื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืš.

ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื. ืื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘"ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื".
"ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื›ืื•ืžื” ื–ื•". ื”' "ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื", ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ื• ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคืœืื™ืช. ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžืชื’ืฉืžืช ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.

ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”' ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื•, ื•ื‘ืข"ื” ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ืชืคืจื” ื•ื ื—ืœืช ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ".

1 ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื™' ื‘"ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ" ืขืž' 306.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *