ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื–ื•ื”"ืง ื—"ื’, ืงืž"ื˜ ืข"ื

ื“ืจื›ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื“ืจืฉ
ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
01/03/1980

ื“ืจื›ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื“ืจืฉ
ยซ  
  ยป

ื”ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ "ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ".

ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื•ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ื•ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš, ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ืืœื• ื”ืจื™ ื—ื•ืฉืš. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื ืฉื ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื•ืจืื” ืืœื• ื”ืจื™ื ื”ืจืžื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื—ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืื™ืžื”. ืืžืจ ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ืืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ื™ ื›ืืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื™ื™ืจื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืฉืœืฉื”, ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ืžืฆื ื›ืืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ.
ืคืชื— ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื•ืืžืจ, ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ืชื ื— ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ื’ื•' ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ ืืจืจื˜ ื•ื’ื•'". ื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืœื” ื•ืžืœื” ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื ืงืจืืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”. ื•ืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฉืœ ื™"ื’ ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืœืœืžื“, ืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฆื ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ืฆื. ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื” ืกืคื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื, ืืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฆื ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ืฆื, ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื”ื™ื, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื™ืฆื, ืืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื™ืฆื.
ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘, "ื•ืชื ื— ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ ืืจืจื˜". ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืงืจื ื–ื” ื™ืฆื ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืžื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื ื• ืื ื ื—ื” ื‘ื”ืจ ื–ื” ืื• ื‘ื–ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื›ืจื—ื” ืœื ื•ื— ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื. ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ืฆื. ื•ืืฉืจื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืกืคื•ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื, ืชื™ืคื— ืจื•ื—ื•. ื›ื™ ืื ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช, ืืœื ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช.

ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ ืืจืจื˜. ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ ื ืจืžื– ืฉืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ1:

ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึปื‘ื•ึผ ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืžึตืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึธืœื•ึนืšึฐ ื•ึธืฉืื•ึนื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึทื—ึฐืกึฐืจื•ึผ ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืžึดืงึฐืฆึตื” ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึฐืึทืช ื™ื•ึนื.
ื•ึทืชึผึธื ึทื— ื”ึทืชึผึตื‘ึธื” ื‘ึผึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื™ื•ึนื ืœึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืจึตื™ ืึฒืจึธืจึธื˜.
ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื”ึธืœื•ึนืšึฐ ื•ึฐื—ึธืกื•ึนืจ ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึธืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืจึดื™ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืจึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืœึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื ึดืจึฐืื•ึผ ืจึธืืฉืึตื™ ื”ึถื”ึธืจึดื™ื.

ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืžืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืงื•ื˜ืข ืืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ. ื ืจืื” ืฉื“ืจืš ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืจื•ืžื–ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื ืชื•ืŸ.
ื—ื–"ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” "ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ". ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื•. ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืชื™ ื ื—ื” ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืกืจืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืชืืจ ืืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš. ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื ืœืงื—" ืžืขื•ืœื ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื•"ื ืฉืชืœ" ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ืžื•.
ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช โ€“ ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ืงืจื”, ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”, ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืืช ืฉืื™ืจืข. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืืžืช ืืœื•ืงื™ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• "ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช".
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืื” ืžืœืžืขืœื” ืœืžื˜ื”. ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืคืจื˜, ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชื’ืฉื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืžืงืจื™ื. ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื‘ืื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื, ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื, ืžื”ื• ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืžื ื• ื”ืฉืชืœืฉืœื• ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื”.
ืจืืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื•ืคืจื˜ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื›"ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ".
ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื•2 ื›ื•ืชื‘:

โ€ฆื’ื ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ืœืœืžื“, ื•ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ืชื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื™, ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืืžืชืช ื”ื•ื™ืชื, ื’ื ืื– ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื–ื• ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืขืฆืโ€ฆ ืืœื ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื–ื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ, ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื”ื›ืœืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ื™ื”, ืขื“ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื”ืชืœืžื“ื•ืช, ืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฆื, ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ืฆื.

ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ื”ืคืจื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžืžื ื•. ื”ืคืจื˜ ืฉื•ืื‘ ืืช ื—ื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื• "ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ" ื•ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื•. ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื•ืคืจื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื•ืื‘ ืืช ื—ื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช, ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื "ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื•".
ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ื•ื”"ืง:

ื‘ื•ื ื•ืจืื”, ืžืœืš ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื ืื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜, ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื. ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชืš ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื ืชื•ืจื”, ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืขืฉื•, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืœื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืขืงื‘, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืืชื•ืŸ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืœืขื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืœืง, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื–ืžืจื™ โ€“ ื•ืงื‘ืฅ ืื•ืชื ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืขืฉื” ืžื”ื ื”ืชื•ืจื”?!
ืื ื›ืŸ, ืœืžื” ื ืงืจื ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช, "ืชื•ืจืช ื”' ืชืžื™ืžื”", "ืขื“ื•ืช ื”' ื ืืžื ื”", "ืคืงื•ื“ื™ ื”' ื™ืฉืจื™ื", "ืžืฆื•ืช ื”' ื‘ืจื”", "ื™ืจืืช ื”' ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”", "ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”' ืืžืช", ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื”ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืžื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืžืคื– ืจื‘", ืฉืืœื• ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”. ืืœื ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช, "ืชื•ืจืช ื”' ืชืžื™ืžื”", ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ืœื” ื•ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืกืคื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืขืžื“ื ื•.

ืื ืœื ื‘ืื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืคื—ื•ืชื” ืžืกืคืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช. ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืื ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ืฉืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืกืคืจื™ ืžืฉืœื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืชืžืฆื™ืชื™ืช ื—ื›ืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื”, ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ. ืื ื›ืš, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืกืคืจื™ ื”ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื—"ื•?!
ืื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ืืœื ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื‘ืื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžืžื ื• ื™ืฆื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื”.

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื–ื•, ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื–ื•ื”"ืง ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ื• ืคืชื—ื ื•, ื•ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ื‘ื•:

ื‘ื•ื ื•ืจืื”, "ื•ืชื ื— ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”". ืžืงืจื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืš, ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืกื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืกื ื”ื”ื•ื, ื›ืžื” ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื ืจืฉืžื• ื‘ื•, ื›ืžื” ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•, ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื›ืœ ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื ื’ื ื–ื• ืฉืžื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื–ื” ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœืš. ื•ื›ืกื ื”ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื•ืงืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืจื” ืืœื ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื™ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืคืงื“ื™ื ื‘ื•, ื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืกื ื”ื”ื•ื. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื”, "ื•ืชื ื— ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™". ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ื“ืื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
"ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ ืืจืจื˜" ("ืืจืจื˜" ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืจ, ืจื•ืžื– ืขืœ) ืืœื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื™ื‘ื‘ื” ื•ื™ืœืœื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื•ื›ืžื” ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชื—ืช ื›ืกื ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืชืคืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืžืชื—ื ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื•ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ, ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืžื”ืคืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืจื—ืžื™ื. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืืฉืจื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ ืชืจื•ืขื”". ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžื™ ืฉืชื•ืงืข, ื™ื“ืข ืขื™ืงืจ (ืกื•ื“) ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื™ื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืขื”, ื•ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื›ืžื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘, "ืืฉืจื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ ืชืจื•ืขื”", ื•ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืชื•ืงืขื™ ืชืจื•ืขื”โ€ฆ

ื”ื–ื•ื”"ืง ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ืชื ื— ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™" ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ื”ื—ืœ "ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื”ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ"3.

ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืืฃ ื–ื• "ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ" โ€“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืขืชื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื ืคืจื“, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื• ื—ื•ืงื™ ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื™ืฉื ื” ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื”' ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื”ื•ื "ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ".
ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”, ืขื ื‘ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™, ื™ืฉื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืžื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื•, ื•ืžื”ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœืขื•ืœื. ื–ื”ื• ื™ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืื•ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ืคื—ื“ โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ืืจืจื˜ (ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืจ).
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœืจื—ืžื™ื? ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™?
ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืจื—ืžื™ื. "ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืœืœืžื“ โ€“ ืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฆื, ืืœื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ืฆื". ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ โ€“ ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ ื˜ื‘ืข ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉื•.
ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื•, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžื ื• ื™ืฆื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ.
ืืš "ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืžืชืง ืืœื ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉื•"4. ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืžืชืง ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื• ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื•, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ.
ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™, ืฉื‘ื• ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื ืชืง ืžืžืงื•ืจื• ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืงื•ืจื•, ื•ืžืจืื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ โ€“ ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื•. ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื ื” ื ื™ืชื•ืง, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื ืฉืืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื•, ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ื•ืชื•.
ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ. ืงื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืจื—ืžื™ื, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืขืช ืงื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื‘ โ€“ ืœืฉืขื‘ื“ ืืช ืœื‘ื ื• ืœืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื.
ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”' ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžื’ืœื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื• ืืœื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ื•ืื ื•, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื ื•, ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœื•5.
ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื›ื•ืœื” โ€“ "ื‘ืชืจ ืจื™ืฉื ื’ื•ืคื ืื–ื™ืœ" (ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ืจืืฉ). ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™. ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื’ืจื”, "ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื”", ืื ื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื›ืœ ืžืจ ืœืžืชื•ืง, ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืœ ืืจื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจื•ืš. ืžื”ืจื™ ืืจืจื˜ ืœืขื•ืžืง ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”โ€ฆ

1 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—', ื’'-ื”'.
2 ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™"ื” ื', ืขืž' ืงืค"ื‘.
3 ืืžื ื ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืขื•ืกืง "ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ", ืืš ื”ื–ื•ื”"ืง ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™".
4 ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืขืจ ื™"ื’ ืคื™"ื.
5 ืขื™' ื‘"ืžืฉื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ", ืขืž' ืงืข"ื”.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *