ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” ื—, ื˜ื–

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
01/03/1980

ื“ืจื›ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื“ืจืฉ
ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” ื—, ื˜ื–

ื”ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืœ.

'ื›ืจืžื™ ืฉืœื™ ืœืคื ื™' ืชื ื™ ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืžืœืš ืฉื›ืขืก ืขืœ ื‘ื ื• ื•ืžืกืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ ืขื‘ื“ื•. ืžื” ืขืฉื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื˜ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืžืงืœ, ืืžืจ ืœื• ืืœ ืชืฉืžืข ืœืื‘ื™ืš, ืืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื•ื˜ื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ืœื ืžืกืจื ื™ ืœื“ื™ื“ืš ืืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ืœื• ื•ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืืœ ืชืฉืžืข ืœืื‘ื™ืš, ื›ืš ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ืจืžื• ื”ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื’ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืฆืจ ืืœ ืชืฉืžืขื• ืœืชื•ืจืช ืื‘ื™ื›ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืืœื (ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื’') 'ืชืคืœื•ืŸ ื•ืชืกื’ื“ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืœืžื ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืช', ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ื˜ื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืœ ืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื ืžืกืจื ื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื™ื“ืš ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื™ื ืœืฆืœื, ื”ื•ื ืžื” ื“ืืช ืืžืจืช (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื›"ื’) 'ืฆืœืžื™ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื ื—ืงื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืฉืจ', ื•ืืช ืืžืจ ืœืŸ 'ืชืคืœื•ืŸ ื•ืชืกื’ื“ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืœืžื ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืช', ื•ื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ืœื”ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ืจื. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” 'ื›ืจืžื™ ืฉืœื™ ืœืคื ื™', ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืื•ืชื• ืจืฉืข ืืœืฃ ื”ื™ื• ื•ื ืชืžืขื˜ื• ื›ืืŸ ื•ื ืขืฉื• ืžืืชื™ื ืื™ืฉ. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ื™ ืœื• ืœืื•ืชื• ืจืฉืข ืœื—ื” ืกืจื•ื—ื”, ืืœืฃ ื”ื™ื• ื•ื ืชืจื‘ื• ื›ืืŸ ื•ื ืขืฉื• ืžืืชื™ื ืืœืฃ. 'ื”ืืœืฃ ืœืš ืฉืœืžื”' ืจ' ื”ื™ืœืœ ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืืœืฃ ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืžืืชื™ื, ืžื” ื˜ืขื 'ื”ืืœืฃ ืœืš ืฉืœืžื”'. ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื™ ืืžืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื•ื“ื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉืœื™ืžื ื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ืžื” ื˜ืขื 'ื”ืืœืฃ ืœืš ืฉืœืžื”'. ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ื“ื™ืคื• ืืžืจ ื”ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืืœืฃ ืฉืœื ื‘ืฆืขืจ ืžืืชื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืฉื›ืจื•, ืžืžื™ ืืช ืœืžื“ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื•ืžืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื ืคืชืœื™, ืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื ืคืชืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื ื˜ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืืœืฃ, ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื' ื™"ื‘) 'ื•ืžื ืคืชืœื™ ืฉืจื™ื ืืœืฃ', ืื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื ื˜ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืžืืชื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉื) 'ืจืืฉื™ื”ื ืžืืชื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื'. ืจ' ื™ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ื‘ื•ืŸ ืืžืจ ื”ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืืœืฃ ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืžืืชื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ ืืช ืœืžื“ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื•ืžืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื ืคืชืœื™, ืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื ืคืชืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžืŸ ื ื˜ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืืœืฃ ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื•ืžื ืคืชืœื™ ืฉืจื™ื ืืœืฃ', ืื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžืŸ ื ื˜ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืžืืชื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืจืืฉื™ื”ื ืžืืชื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื'.

ืฉืืœื•ืช
ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืืœื•ืช, ืฉื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืžืงื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
ื. ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืœ ืœืขื‘ื“. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ โ€“ ืœืฉื ืžื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ืžืฉืœ, ืžื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืœ ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ.
ื‘ืžืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ โ€“ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืื‘ื™ื•? ืžื”ื™ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ื‘ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื•?
ื‘. ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” "ื—ืœื•ืงื™ื" ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื”ืืœืฃ ืฉื’ืœื• ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ืคื—ืชื• ื•ืขืžื“ื• ืขืœ ืžืืชื™ื™ื, ืื• ืฉื ืชืจื‘ื• ื•ืขืžื“ื• ืขืœ ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ. ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื, ื•ื›ื™ ื–ื•ื”ื™ "ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช"? ื•ื›ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืืžืช?
ื’. ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ืืœืฃ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ?

ื”ืžืฉืœ
ืžื”ื™ ื›ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ืœืื‘ื™ื•?
ื”ืขื‘ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ืฉืื ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื‘ืŸ, ื•ืขืชื” ื”ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•. ืขื“ ืขืชื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืŸ ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืืš ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื–ื• ื ื›ืฉืœื” ื•ืขืชื” ื”ื•ื ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“. ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื• ื™ืฆืœื™ื—, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื ืชืง ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ืžืื‘ื™ื•, ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉื”. ืื ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ื‘ืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืื‘ื™ื•, ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืขื‘ื“, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื• ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœื ืชืฉืชื ื”, ื•ืื™ืš ื™ืชื—ื ืš?
ื”ื‘ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœืฉืžื” ื ืžืกืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืžืข ืœืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืžืœืš, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ืชืฆืœื™ื—. ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื”ืžืœืš ื•ืžืกื™ืจื” ืœืขื‘ื“, ืืœื ืžืกื™ืจื” ืœืขื‘ื“ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืžื”ืžืœืš ื”ืคื•ืš ืžืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื•ืœื•.
ื•ื‘ื ืžืฉืœ. ื›ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฆื ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื”ื ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืฉืจื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื–ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืื•ืชื, ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืฆืืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ื•ืขืชื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืื—ืจืช, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื™ ืžืขืœื” ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”.
ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื‘ื“, ื›ืš ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ื—ืฉื‘, ืฉืขืชื” ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื•ืืœ ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”', ืฉื›ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ื›ืฉืœื”.
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื ึฐื”ึดื™ึธื” ืื—ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื”ื™ืคืš ืžืžื˜ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช.
ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื‘ื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืžืฉืœ?
ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœืงืจื‘ ืืœ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื•. ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ื™ื ื•ืงืฉื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื ื”. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ืฉื›ืœื ื•? ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื’ื ื‘ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื•ืชื” ืชื•ืคืขื”. ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืฉืœ. ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ ื•ื”ืœื‘ืฉืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœื ื• ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืืœื™ื ื•, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœื ื• ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืœ.
ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”' ืžื•ืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืฉืจื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ื•ื”ืžืฉืœ ืžืงืจื‘ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ื“ืจื›ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืคืฉื˜.

ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ
ืžื”ื™ "ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื" ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ื”ืื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืชืžืขื˜ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืœืžืืชื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ืœืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ?
ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืฉื ื™ ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืœื ืฉืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื’ืจืžื”, ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืœื”ืชืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืืœืฃ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”1 ืœืžืืชื™ื™ื. ืืš ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื ืชื•ืคืขื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”2: "ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”", ื•ื›ืš ื”ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื‘ืืจ.
ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื•ืื”. ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืจืง ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื“ืจื’ืชื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืขืœื”. ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื ื•ืฆืจ ื ืชืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ, ืฉืฉืงืข ื‘ื’ืคื ื• ื•ื‘ืชืื ืชื• ื•ืœื ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื›ืœืœ ืืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”'.
ื”ืจื‘ ื›ื•ืชื‘3:

ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืจืืชื” ืืช ื–ืจื ื”ืงืœืงืœื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื—ืชื” ื ื’ื“ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื–, ืืช ื”ื“ืจืช ื ืขื ื“' ืื—ื“ ืืœื”ื™ื• ื•ืชืชืืจื”ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืคื™ ื•ื–ื”ืจ, ืืช ื”ื”ืฉื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช, ืจื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื“ืœื™ื ืขื•ืฉืง ืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืจืฆื— ื•ื ืื•ืฃ, ื—ืžืก ื•ืฉื•ื“, ื•ืชืžืœื ืจื•ื— ืืœื”ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ืข ื•ืœื’ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื ืฉื™ื— ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื”ืฉืขืจื•ืช ื”ื“ืงื•ืช, ืฉืžื”ืŸ ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืช-ื”ืขื’ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ืืช, ื’ื™ื“ื™-ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืงื™ื, ืฉืžื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืจื’ื• ืžื–ืจืงื™-ื”ื“ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืืœื” ื”ืžื” ื”ืžืกืชืจื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื•ืงื ื”ื ืžืจืฅ, ืื™ืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš-ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ืžื ื•ืชืœืžื•ื“ื, ื”ืจื’ืœื ื•ื—ื‘ืชื, ื™ืฆื ื”ื ืขื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื–ืจื-ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”ื™ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื™ื’ืจืฉ ื‘ืขื–ื• ืืช ื—ืฉื›ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืชื•ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ื, ื•ืื™ืš ื”ืขื–ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืื˜ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ืœื–ืœืช ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื, ื‘ืขื ืคื™ื ื•ื“ื™ื•ืงื™ื, ืžืคืชื—ืช ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืจืก, ืžืื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื™ืงืœื˜ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ืฆืจ ืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื, ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืชืขื” ื”ืžืœื ืฆื™ืฆื™ ื–ื”ืจ ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืื‘ืง ืจืขืœ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืžืืœื™ื•, โ€“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื‘ื•ืื” ื‘ื›ืœืœโ€ฆ
ื•ื—ื›ื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื ื‘ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืœื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืžืœื—ืžืชื” ื”ื—ื•ืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืืฉ ืœื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉืจืฉ ืื—ืจื™ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฉืง ื•ื—ืžืก, ืฉืœ ืจืฆื— ื•ื–ืžื”, ืจื“ื™ืคืช ืฉื—ื“ ื•ืฉืœืžื•ื ื™ื, ืขืฉื• ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ื”ืขืžื“ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืฉื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืงื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื. "ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ืœื•, ืืœ ืชืงืจื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืืœื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช".

ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ืช, ื—ื™ื‘ืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืœ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”.
ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืจื“ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืžืืœืฃ ืœืžืืชื™ื™ื, ืืš ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืืœืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืคืฆื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ.
ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืžื•ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื”ืžื•ืŸ. ื”ืคืกืงืช ืื•ืจ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, "'ื‘ืžื—ืฉื›ื™ื ื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื ื™ ื›ืžืชื™ ืขื•ืœื' ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื”: ื–ื” ืชืœืžื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ"4, ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื’ื ืœื ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื โ€“ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื•ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช5.

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื
ืืœืฃ ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื”ืขืฉืจ ื•ื”ืžืื”. ื›ืฉื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื˜ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืืœืฃ, ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืืœืฃ.
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืืœืฃ ื•ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฉื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืžืืชื™ื™ื, ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืจื‘ ืคื™ ื—ืžืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘6 ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื—ืžืฉื” ื“ืจื›ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื”ื•ื™ื ืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” โ€“ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื—ื•ืœืง ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ืจื‘ ื”ืžืœืžื“ ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื•7:
ื. ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“.
ื‘. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื‘ืจ โ€“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื.
ื’. ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืคื ืžืชื• ื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื• ืœื—ืœืง ืžืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ืžื“.
ื“. ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
ื”. ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื8.
ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืžืœืžื“, ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœื โ€“ ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืืœืฃ. ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืœื•ืžื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘, ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืจื• ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืžืืชื™ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ "ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื•ื“ื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉืœื™ืžื ื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื", ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืžืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื โ€“ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืœื.

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื•ื—
ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ืฉืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื โ€“ ื‘ื•ื ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืœืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”.
ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืœืžื“ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื—, ื•ื ืคืชืœื™ ื‘ืฆืขืจ. ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืคืจื ืกืชื• ืžื–ื‘ื•ืœื•ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืžืกืจ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืจื™ื•ื— ื•ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช. ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืžื™ ืฉื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื›ืš. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืื“ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฆืขืจ, ืื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื–ื™ืžืŸ ืœื• ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื ืคืชืœื™, ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื• ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื โ€“ "ื ืคืชื•ืœื™ ืืœื”ื™ื ื ืคืชืœืชื™"9, ืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฆืขืจ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืžืขื ื”'.
"ืœืคื•ื ืฆืขืจื ืื’ืจื"10 โ€“ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืจื• ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ.
ื ืจืื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืœืœื›ืช, ืืœื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืืช ืฉืžื–ืžืŸ ืœื ื• ื”'. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืœืžื“ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘.
ืžื™ ืฉื”ื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœื• ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฆืขืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืžื“ ื‘ื•, ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืงื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฆืขืจ ืžื™ื•ื–ืžืชื•, ืืš ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆืขืจ โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ืœื ื™ืคืกืง, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืจืื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืขืฆืžื•, ืฉืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืžืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืžืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื•.


 

1 ืจืื” ืžื“ืจืฉ ืงื•ื“ื, "ื”ื—ืจืฉ ื•ื”ืžืกื’ืจ ืืœืฃ".
2 ืื‘ื•ืช ืค"ื ืž"ื.
3 ืื•ืจื•ืช, ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื, "ื—ื›ื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื ื‘ื™ื" (ืขืž' ืง"ื›).
4 ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›"ื“ ืข"ื.
5 ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช, ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื, "ื—ื›ื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื ื‘ื™ื".
6 ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื' ืขืž' ืข"ื’.
7 ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘.
8 ื ืจืื” ืฉื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืœืกืคื™ืจื•ืช: ืฉืœื‘ ื' โ€“ ื—ื›ืžื”, ืฉืœื‘ ื‘' โ€“ ื‘ื™ื ื”, ืฉืœื‘ ื’' โ€“ ื“ืขืช ื•ืชืคืืจืช โ€“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืขืฆืžื•, ืฉืœื‘ ื“' โ€“ ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ โ€“ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืฉืœื‘ ื”' โ€“ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ืื›ืž"ืœ.
9 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœ', ื—'.
10 ืื‘ื•ืช ืค"ื” ืžื›"ื’.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *