ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” โ€“ ื“ืขืช ืžื ื™ืŸ?

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืดื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื“
 
15/04/2004

ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” โ€“ ื“ืขืช ืžื ื™ืŸ?

ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”' ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื•1:

ื•ึทื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื”' ืึถืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืœึตืืžึนืจ. ื™ึทื™ึดืŸ ื•ึฐืฉืึตื›ึธืจ ืึทืœ ืชึผึตืฉืึฐืชึผึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ืึดืชึผึธืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึธืžึปืชื•ึผ ื—ึปืงึผึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื. ื•ึผืœึฒื”ึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื—ึนืœ ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื˜ึผึธืžึตื ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื˜ึผึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนืจึนืช ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื—ึปืงึผึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื”' ืึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ืžืฉืึถื”.

ื•ืคืขื ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืคืจืฉื”2:

ื–ึนืืช ืชึผื•ึนืจึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึธืขื•ึนืฃ ื•ึฐื›ึนืœ ื ึถืคึถืฉื ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ื”ึธืจึนืžึถืฉื‚ึถืช ื‘ึผึทืžึผึธื™ึดื ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึถืคึถืฉื ื”ึทืฉึผืึนืจึถืฆึถืช ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ. ืœึฐื”ึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื˜ึผึธืžึตื ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื˜ึผึธื”ึนืจ ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ื”ึทื ึผึถืึฑื›ึถืœึถืช ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ืชึตืึธื›ึตืœ.

ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื”3, ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืื›ืœื•ืช ืืกื•ืจื•ืช:

ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœื™ื“ืข ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื“ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื•ื—ื™ื” ื•ืขื•ืฃ ื•ื“ื’ื™ื ื•ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื›ืœืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื›ืœืŸ, ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื•ื”ื‘ื“ืœืชื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื” ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื˜ืžืื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืฃ ื”ื˜ืžื ืœื˜ื”ื•ืจ', ื•ื ืืžืจ 'ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ื ืื›ืœืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื” ืืฉืจ ืœื ืชืื›ืœ'.

ื“ื ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื›ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•4, ื•ืื ื• ื ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš5, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื” ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”:

ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ืืœื ืฉืจืื” ื‘ื” ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ื“ ื•ืกืžืš ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืื›ืœ ืžืžื ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื ืื—ืจ ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืชืจ ืื›ืœ, ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืขืฉื” ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ืŸ.

ื™ืฉื ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”. ื’ื ื›ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื”ืžื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื“ืœืช ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืื•ื›ืœืŸ.
ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•? ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ?
ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืขื•ืžืงื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
ื‘ืคืกืงื” ื”ื ืงืจืืช "ืขืจืš ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื" ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘6:

ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ืขื•ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืืคืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื ืจืื” ืžื—ื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•, ื•ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžืชื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืชื•ืคืกื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืื“ื, ืœืžืกืชื›ืœ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืžืชืจืื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ืจื™ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ืœื™ื, ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืจืขื ื ื•ืชื ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืขืช ื™ื ื™ืงืชื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ืชืคืชื— ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืื•, ื•ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืกื’ื•ืœื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื•ื˜ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื”, ืžื” ืฉื”ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉ ื•ืžืงืœืงืœ ื”ื›ืœ. ื•ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืžื” ื‘ืื” ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ื–ื” ื”ืจื™ื—ื•ืง, ืฉืจื™ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื“ื ื•ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ, ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื›ืœ ื“ืขื”, ื‘ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ื“ืช ื•ื‘ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื“ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื•ืจืง ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ, ื‘ืœื ืœื˜ืฉื˜ืฉ ื•ืœืžื—ื•ืง ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช.
ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆืžื™ื— ื’ืŸ ื™ืคื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฆืžื™ื— ื›ืœ ืฉืชื™ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ืฆืžื— ื‘ื ืคืจื“, ื•ื›ืฉื™ื’ื“ืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื— ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื•, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™ื•.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื“, ื‘ื”ืขืžื“ืช ื›ืœ ื›ื— ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ื‘ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืกืฃ7 ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘:

ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื ื—ืœืช ื“' ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืœื”ื™ืคืš ืžื”ื”ื›ืœืœื” ื”ื’ืกื”, ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ืœืื’ื“ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ืœื” ืื—ืช, ื•ืžืื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื“ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ืืฆื™ืœื™. ื•ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืขื›ืจ ืื•ืจ ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืฆืœื•ืœ, ื•ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืกื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื” ืžืชื’ื‘ืจืช ื•ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื”, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžืชืคืจื“, ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื” ืชื ื•ืข ื›ืฉื›ื•ืจ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืคืฉืขื”. ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื ืฉืจื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื“ื, ื•ืกื˜ืจื ื“ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉืจื™ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื“ื ื•ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื, ื•ืฉื ื’ื•ืคื™ื” ืื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœื•ื.

ื”ื”ื›ืœืœื” ื”ื’ืกื” ืžืื—ื“ืช ื”ื›ืœ, ื‘ืœื ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืคื™ืจื•ื“ ื•ืœื ืคื™ืœื”. ืจืง ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
ื›ืฉื ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืช โ€“ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื ื™ืŸ"8, ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ: "ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” โ€“ ื“ืขืช ืžื ื™ืŸ". ื”ื“ืขืช, ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ9, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื•ื ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืจืข ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ10.
ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข, ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื•ืœ, ื˜ืžื ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•. ื”ืื“ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ โ€“ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืจืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ืœื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื•ืจืง ื›ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ืฉืช ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช, ืœืœื ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ.
ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžื”ื™ ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ื™ืง, ื•ืจืง ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืœื–ืจื•ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื•.
ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ื”ืชืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•' ื‘ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื‘ืœื ื”ืขืžื“ืช ื›ืœ ื›ื— ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• โ€“ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ ื•ืœืคื™ืจื•ื“, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ืื—ื“ื•ืชื™ืช.

ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื•.
"ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ืจ ืืœ ืชืฉืชโ€ฆ ื‘ื‘ืื›ื ืืœ ืื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“". ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื‘ืื” ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœ. ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจ โ€“ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื“ื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ11, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืจืข. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืืกืจื” ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“.
ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื™ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืชืขืœื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื, ื•ืืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช. ื’ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืฉืœ ืคืกื•ืœืช ื“ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ. ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ื ืื›ืœืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื” ืืฉืจ ืœื ืชืื›ืœ.

ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืืจ ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ.
ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืžื•ื‘ื12:

ืืžืจ ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืืฉืชื• ืกืžื•ืš ืœื•ืกืชื” ื”ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ', ื•ืกืžื™ืš ืœื™ื” 'ืืฉื” ื›ื™ ืชื–ืจื™ืข ื•ื™ืœื“ื” ื–ื›ืจ'.

ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœืื™ืฉื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ืื“ื ื’ื ืœืคืจื•ืฉ. ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ืชืจ, ื”ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืืฉื” ื˜ืžืื” ื•ืืกื•ืจื” ืœื• โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืจืื•ื™ื™ื.
ื“ืจืฉื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื:

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื”ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœ', ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื 'ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ', ื•ืกืžื™ืš ืœื™ื” 'ืืฉื” ื›ื™ ืชื–ืจื™ืข'.

ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื13, ืฉื”ื•ืงืฉื• ืฉืชื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• ืœื–ื•, ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ "ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ", ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœ".
ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื”. ื”ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื™ืžื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื™ืžื™ ื—ื•ืœ, ืจืง ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื’ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.


1 ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™', ื—'-ื™"ื.
2 ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™"ื, ืž"ื•-ืž"ื–.
3 ืงืž"ื˜.
4 ืขื™' ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ืœื•ื™ืงืจื ื™"ื ืื•ืช ืจืฆ"ื”.
5 ืžืฆื•ื” ืงื "ื’.
6 ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื' ืขืž' ื˜"ื•.
7 ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘' ืขืž' ืช"ืž.
8 ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื” ื”"ื‘.
9 ื›ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื“', ื'): "ื•ื”ืื“ื ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื—ื•ื” ืืฉืชื•".
10 ืกื“ืจ ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช, ืฉืขื ื™ื ื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื˜ื”ืจื”, ื ืงืจื "ื“ืขืช" (ืฉื‘ืช ืœ"ื ืข"ื).
11 ืขื™' ื™ื•ืžื ืข"ื” ืข"ื.
12 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื™"ื— ืข"ื‘.
13 ืขื™' ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™"ื, ืื•ืช ืจืฆ"ื–.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *