ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืจืฅ

ื”ืจื‘ ืชืžื™ืจ ื›ื”ืŸ
ื™ืดื ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื”
 
20/05/2005

ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืจืฅ

ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ

ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ โ€“ ืžื” ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ื•ื”ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื ืืžืจื• ืžืกื™ื ื™, ืืœื ืžื” ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื ืืžืจื• ื›ืœืœื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืคืจื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื” ืžืกื™ื ื™, ืืฃ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื ืืžืจื• ื›ืœืœื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื”ืŸ ืžืกื™ื ื™, ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื›ืš ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืœืคื™ ืฉืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉืžื™ื˜ืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื ื™ืช ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื›ืœืœื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืคืจื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื ืืžืจื• ืžืกื™ื ื™, ื•ื‘ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืœืžื“ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืฉืžืกื™ื ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื›ืœืœื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ื ืฉื ื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘1.

ืฉืืœืช ื—ื–"ืœ: "ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™", ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื•ืžื•ื›ืจืช, ื•ืืฃ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื ื™ื‘ ืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ืคื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช. ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ืœืฉืืœื”, ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจืช, ื•ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจื” ื”ืฉืืœื”: ืื– ืœืžื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื”ืŸ?
ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉ"ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™" ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืžืฉ ืจืง ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ืืœื ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ืจ ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ืกื•ื‘ื‘ืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื›ื•ืœื”2.
ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจ ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื: 1) ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”, ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื•ื’ืื•ืœืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช โ€“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. 2) ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ืื•ืœืชื โ€“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ื“ื•ืžื•ืช:

ืคืก' ืœ"ื—: ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ืœึธืชึตืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืึถืช ืึถืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึทืŸ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึตืืœึนื”ึดื™ื.

ืคืก' ื "ื”: ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึดื™ื ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึทื™ ื”ึตื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืื•ึนืชึธื ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื.

ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื•, ืœื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ3:

ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ      ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึดื™ืšึธ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื      ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึดื™ื.

ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ืžืฉื ื™ืฆืื ื•: "ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื", ื•"ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื". ืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจ ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื:
ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฆื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ืžื” ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื”? ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื”: "ืœึธืชึตืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืึถืช ืึถืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึทืŸ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึตืืœึนื”ึดื™ื". ืืœื•-ืงื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”' ืžืชื’ืœื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืœื™ื” ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึนื ืชึดืžึผึธื›ึตืจ ืœึดืฆึฐืžึดืชึปืช ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึดื™ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึดื™ ื’ึตืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืชื•ึนืฉืึธื‘ึดื™ื ืึทืชึผึถื ืขึดืžึผึธื“ึดื™". ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื’ืื•ืœืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช, ืื ื• ืžื›ืจื™ื–ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ืฉื ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ืืช ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”', ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœืคืก' ืœ"ื—:

ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ื•ื’ื•' โ€“ ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื•ืจ, ืืฃ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื•ื ืคืจืข ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืžืขื•ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœ ื ื›ืจื™ ื”ื. ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืชืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื›ื ืžืฆื•ืชื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื›ื.
ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืืช ืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ โ€“ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืฆื•ืชื™.
ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืœืืœื”ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื ื™ ืœื• ืœืืœื”ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”.

ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืืš ืœื ื›ืฉื›ืจ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™. ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื™ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืจืง ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื”, ื’ื ืื ื™ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”!

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฆื ื’ื ืž"ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื". ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจ: ืœืฉื ืžื”? ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื”:"ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึดื™ื". ืœื ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืคืจืขื” ืœืฉื ื”ืคืงืจื•ืช, ืืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”'. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ื“ืจืš ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœืขื‘ื“, ืชื ืื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื• ื•ื“ืจืš ื’ืื•ืœืชื• ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื "ืขื‘ื“ ื”'", ื•ื’ื ืื ืชื ืื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื•, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืฉืœื•, ื•ื”ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“, ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช.
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื’ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”. ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืงื ื™ื ื•, ื•ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”.
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ืฆื™ืจื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช4 ืœื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”:
ืœื ืจืง ืื—ืช ืœื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืื• ืื—ืช ืœืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืžืชื‘ืจืจืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”', ื•ืœื ืจืง ื“ืจืš ื”ืื“ืžื•ืช. ื’ื ืžืžื•ื ื• ื”ืžื™ื˜ืœื˜ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื• ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื•. ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื’ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช. ื–ื• ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœืกื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื• ื•ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืืœืžืœื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืื“ื ืืช ื›ืกืคื•, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” "ืœื’ืœื’ืœ ืื•ืชื•", ื•ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉื ืžื ืข ืžืžื ื•. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœื’ื•ื™. ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืงื ื” ืงืจืงืข ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื• ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ืœืขื‘ื“5.

ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™
ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ืฉื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืœื ื ืฉื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘, ืืœื ื ืืžืจื• ืจืง ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื’ื ื›ืืœื• ืฉืคืจื˜ื™ื”ืŸ ื ืืžืจื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืืœื• ื ืžืกืจื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืœื•ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืœืžื“ ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”?
ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉื ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืืœื™ื•ืช" ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืื“ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ. ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ, ืžืคืจื˜ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘, ืขืจื‘ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ. ื‘ืื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ืžืจืื” ืฉืœื ื›ืš: ืจืืฉ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”, ื•ื–ื• ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืืจื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘, ืืœื ืจืง ื‘ืกื™ื ื™, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•, ื‘ืืจืฅ ื“ื•ื•ืงื. ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืืœื™, ืขื™ืงืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœื ืจืง ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื ืืžืจื” ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™, ืืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืœื ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ, ื›ื™ ื’ื ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืืจืฅ: ืœื ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืืœื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.

ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ืคืจืฉื”
ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืคืกื•ืงื™ื, ืฉืžื—ืœืง ื”ืคืจืงื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืื•ืชื ืœืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื, ืœืคืจืฉื” ื”ื‘ืื”. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจ. ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืœืคืจืฉื”6?

ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืœึธื›ึถื ืึฑืœึดื™ืœึดื ื•ึผืคึถืกึถืœ ื•ึผืžึทืฆึผึตื‘ึธื” ืœึนื ืชึธืงึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืœึธื›ึถื ื•ึฐืึถื‘ึถืŸ ืžึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืช ืœึนื ืชึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึฐื›ึถื ืœึฐื”ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ึนืช ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื.
ืึถืช ืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐืชึนืชึทื™ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืžึนืจื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉืึดื™ ืชึผึดื™ืจึธืื•ึผ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”'.

ืื ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™:

ืœึนื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืšึธ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืคึผึธื ึธื™. ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืœึฐืšึธ ืคึถืกึถืœ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืชึผึฐืžื•ึผื ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ืžึดืžึผึทืขึทืœ ื•ึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืžึดืชึผึธื—ึทืช ื•ึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืžึดืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืœึธืึธืจึถืฅ. ืœึนื ืชึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ึถื” ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึธืขึธื‘ึฐื“ึตื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืึตืœ ืงึทื ึผึธื ืคึผึนืงึตื“ ืขึฒื•ึนืŸ ืึธื‘ึนืช ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืฉืึดืœึผึตืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืจึดื‘ึผึตืขึดื™ื ืœึฐืฉื‚ึนื ึฐืึธื™. ื•ึฐืขึนืฉื‚ึถื” ื—ึถืกึถื“ ืœึทืึฒืœึธืคึดื™ื ืœึฐืึนื”ึฒื‘ึทื™ ื•ึผืœึฐืฉืึนืžึฐืจึตื™ ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึนืชึธื™.

ืคืกื•ืง ื' ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ืืš ืฉืœื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืขืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืฉื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคืกืœ ื•ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ืืŸ ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืžืช ืžืฆื‘ื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžืฆื‘ื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื™ื™ื“ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืกืžื ืช ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื”7.
ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ ื›ืืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื ืชื™ื ืช ืื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื›ื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ืจืฉื•:8

ืขืœื™ื” ืื™ ืืชื” ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืืจืฆื›ื, ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.

ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, "ื‘ืืจืฆื›ื" ื‘ื ืœืืคื•ืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉืžื•ืชืจ. ืืš ืฉืžื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืขืงื‘ ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืงืคื“ื” ื™ืชืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉืฉื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื‘ื• ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื›ื™ืช, ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉืืจ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืื ื›ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื ืžืฆื ืฉื’ื ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืืจืฅ.

ืึถืช ืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐืชึนืชึทื™ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืžึนืจื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉืึดื™ ืชึผึดื™ืจึธืื•ึผ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”'.

ืจื‘ื• ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœืคืกื•ืง ื–ื”, ื•ืœืงื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืœืคืจืฉื”9. ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื–ื”ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ื‘ืื” ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืงื‘"ื” ื“ืจืš ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื”: "ืฉื‘ืชื•ืชื™" ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœ10, ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืื“ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”' ื•ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”.


1 ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›"ื”, ื.
2 ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื’ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™, ืคืขืžื™ื, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืืœื•. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ื ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืจืง ืœืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจ.
3 ืฉืžื•ืช ื›', ื‘.
4 ืคืก' ืœ"ื”-ืœ"ื–.
5 ืขืœ ืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ืจ ื”ื™ืจืฉ. ื‘ืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื™ืฆืŸ ืžืฉื ืช ืชืฉืก"ื’ ืขืœื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื”, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื™ื•ื‘ืœ. ื•ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื ื•ื”ื’โ€ฆ ืืœื ืฉืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืžืงืจื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”', ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื–ื•ืœืช ื•ืœื ื ื•ื ื” ืื•ืชื•. ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ, ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืฆื ื”ืื“ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื•ืœืช ื•ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื•.
6 ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›"ื•, ื-ื‘.
7 ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื-ืœ, ืฉืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื. ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ืžืฆื‘ื” ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื”.
8 ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืฃ ื›"ื‘ ืข"ื‘, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
9 ืจืื” ื–. ื•ื™ื˜ืžืŸ, "ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ืžืงื“ืฉ", ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื’', ืขืž' 9-19.
10 ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื” ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืื‘"ืข "ืฉื‘ืชื•ืชื™", ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉืžื™ื˜ื•ืช.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *