ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื•ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ื”ืณืชืฉืคืดื“
 
15/02/2024

ื”ื’ืžืจื ื“ื ื” ืื’ื‘ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืœืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“" ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื:

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘
ืœื ืชื—ืžื“ ืœืื™ื ืฉื™ ื‘ืœื ื“ืžื™ ืžืฉืžืข ืœื”ื•.

ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช:

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื– ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื” (ืคืจืฉืช ืขืงื‘)
(ื›ื”) ืคึผึฐืกึดื™ืœึตึฅื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถึ–ื ืชึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึฐืคึฃื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึธืึตึ‘ืฉื ืœึนึฝืึพืชึทื—ึฐืžึนื“ึฉ ื›ึผึถึจืกึถืฃ ื•ึฐื–ึธื”ึธึคื‘ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถืึ™ ื•ึฐืœึธืงึทื—ึฐืชึผึธึฃ ืœึธึ”ืšึฐ ืคึผึถึšืŸ ืชึผึดื•ึผึธืงึตึฃืฉื ื‘ึผึ”ื•ึน ื›ึผึดึงื™ ืชื•ึนืขึฒื‘ึทึ›ืช ื™ึฐืงึนื•ึธึฅืง ืึฑืœึนื”ึถึ–ื™ืšึธ ื”ึฝื•ึผื:
ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื” ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื— (ืคืจืฉืช ื•ืืชื—ื ืŸ)
(ื™ื—) ื•ึฐืœึนึฅื ืชึทื—ึฐืžึนึ–ื“ ืึตึฃืฉืึถืช ืจึตืขึถึ‘ืšึธ ืก ื•ึฐืœึนึจื ืชึดืชึฐืึทื•ึผึถึœื” ื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืช ืจึตืขึถึ—ืšึธ ืฉื‚ึธื“ึตึœื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึคื•ึน ื•ึทืึฒืžึธืชื•ึนึ™ ืฉืื•ึนืจึฃื•ึน ื•ึทื—ึฒืžึนืจึ”ื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึนึ–ืœ ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ืœึฐืจึตืขึถึฝืšึธ: ืก
ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืจืง ื› ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื“ (ืคืจืฉืช ื™ืชืจื•)
(ื™ื“) ืœึนึฅื ืชึทื—ึฐืžึนึ–ื“ ื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืช ืจึตืขึถึ‘ืšึธ ืก ืœึนึฝืึพืชึทื—ึฐืžึนึžื“ ืึตึฃืฉืึถืช ืจึตืขึถึ—ืšึธ ื•ึฐืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึคื•ึน ื•ึทืึฒืžึธืชื•ึนึ™ ื•ึฐืฉืื•ึนืจึฃื•ึน ื•ึทื—ึฒืžึนืจึ”ื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึนึ–ืœ ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ืœึฐืจึตืขึถึฝืšึธ: ืค

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื•ื ื” ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืœืื•ื•ื™ื:

ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืจืกื”
ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืจืก"ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื ื• ืžื”ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื ื• ืžืื—ื™ื ื• ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• (ื™ืชืจื•) ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืขืš ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื•ืžื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื–ื”ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืœืš ืžื” ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื ืžื™ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื”. ื”ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืš ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ืœืื• ื™ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืžื”ืขืจื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื— ืœืขืฆืžื ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืžืžื•ืŸ ืื—ื™ื ื• ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืชื• ื•ืœืชืช ื‘ื• ื“ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ื›ืœื• ืžื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื”ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“:
ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืจืกื•
ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืจืก"ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื ื• ืžื”ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื ื• ืœื—ืžื•ื“ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื—ื™ื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืœื” ืœืงื ื•ืชื• ื•ื–ื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืื–ื”ืจื” ืฉื‘ืื” ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืืžืจ (ื•ืืชื—ื ืŸ) ืœื ืชืชืื•ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืจืขืš. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืื•ื™ืŸ ืืœื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœืื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื ื• ื•ื”ืœืื• ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื›ืœืืชื (ื“ืจืฉื‘"ื™) ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืขืš ื•ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืชืชืื•ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืจืขืš ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืชืื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ื•ืฉื ืืžืจื• ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื”ืชืื•ื” ืื“ื ืกื•ืคื• ืœื—ืžื•ื“ ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืชืชืื•ื” ื•ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ืžื“ ืื“ื ืกื•ืคื• ืœื’ื–ื•ืœ ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ื—ืžื“ื• ืฉื“ื•ืช ื•ื’ื–ืœื• [ืžื™ื›ื” ื‘]. ื•ื‘ืื•ืจ ื–ื” ืฉืื ืจืื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืคื” ืืฆืœ ืื—ื™ื• ืื ื’ื‘ืจื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ืชืื•ื” ื‘ื• ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืืžืจื• ื™ืช' ืœื ืชืชืื•ื”. ื•ืื ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ื• ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืฆืœื• ื•ืœื ื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืคื ื™ื• ื•ืœื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื™ืžื›ืจื”ื• ืื• ื™ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื ื• ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื•ื”, ื•ืื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ื”ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืฉืงื ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืžื›ืจื• ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ืขืจื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ ืœืื•ื™ืŸ ืœื ืชืชืื•ื” ื•ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื•. ื•ืื ื ืžื ืข ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื”ื•ื ืžืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคื• ืœืื”ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืงื—ื”ื• ื‘ืื•ื ืก ื•ื”ื›ืจื— ืœื—ื•ื–ืง ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœื ืชื’ื–ื•ืœ ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืคื•ืจ ืื—ืื‘ ื•ื ื‘ื•ืช (ืž"ื ื›ื). ื”ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืš ื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืœื ืชืชืื•ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“:

ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื™ืœืง ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื ืง' ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“" ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื’ื–ื•ืœ":

ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืจืžื”
ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืจืž"ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื ื• ืฉืœื ืœื’ื–ื•ืœ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืœื ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื ืก ื•ื”ื›ืจื—. ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื™ืชืขืœื” (ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื˜) ืœื ืชื’ื–ื•ืœ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” (ื‘"ืง ืขื˜ ื‘) ืœื ืชื’ื–ื•ืœ ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื™ื’ื–ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื™ื“ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ [ืฉ"ื‘ ื›ื’]. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœืื• ื”ื ื™ืชืง ืœืขืฉื” [ืž"ืข ืงืฆื“] ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• (ืก"ืค ื•ื™ืงืจื) ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ื–ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืฉื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ืœื•ืงื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืื• ืฉื ื™ืชืง ืœืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ืฉืจืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ื–ืœื” ืื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ืชืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ื” ื•ืื ื›ืคืจ ื‘ื” ื•ื ืฉื‘ืข ืœืฉืงืจ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื•ื™ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืืฉื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• (ืž"ืข ืงืฆื“ ื•ืขื) ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื›ื•ืช (ื™ื• ื). ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจื• ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืชืฉื™ืขื™ ื•ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืžืงืžื:

ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื’ื–ื•ืœ" ื™ืฉ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืœืื• ื”ื ื™ืชืง ืขืฉื”, ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“", ืืช ื”ื—ืžื“ื” ืฉื—ืžื“ ืื“ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืงืŸ. ืืš ืžื” ื”ื’ื“ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“" ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื?
ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ืฉื ื™ ืœืื•ื™ืŸ:
ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืงื ื•ืช
ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ืืฃ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“
ื•ื›ืš ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืœื›ื”:

ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื’ื–ืœื” ื•ืื‘ื“ื” ืคืจืง ื ื”ืœื›ื” ื˜
ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžื“ ืขื‘ื“ื• ืื• ืืžืชื• ืื• ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื›ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืฉื™ืงื ื”ื• ืžืžื ื• ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืจืขื™ื ื•ื”ืคืฆื™ืจ ื‘ื• ืขื“ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืžืžื ื• ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœื• ื“ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืฉื ' +ืฉืžื•ืช ื›' ื™"ื“+ ืœื ืชื—ืžื“, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืงื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืœืื• ื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœืื• ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืงื— ื”ื—ืคืฅ ืฉื—ืžื“, ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ' +ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–' ื›"ื”+ ืœื ืชื—ืžื“ ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื–ื”ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืœืš ื—ื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืชืจืชื™ ื“ืกืชืจื™ ืžื—ื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ "ืœืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”" ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš "ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืงื— ื—ืคืฅโ€ฆ ื—ื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”" ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืžื” ืชืžื™ื”ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื:

+/ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืจืื‘"ื“/ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžื“ ืขื‘ื“ื• ืื• ืืžืชื• ื•ื›ื•' ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœื• ื“ืžื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื. ื"ื ื•ืœื ืืžืจ ืจื•ืฆื” ืื ื™. /ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืจืื‘"ื“/ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืงื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืœืื• ื–ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”. ื"ื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื” ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ื—ืคืฅ ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ื’ื–ืœืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ื–ืœื” ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ื ื• ืœื•ืงื” ื•ื’ื ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ืคืฅ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื•.+

ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืคื•ื, ืžื” ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ืœืจืžื‘"ื? ื•ื‘ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช?
ื ืจืื” ืฉืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช 'ืœืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”':
ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ืขืฆื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื›ืœืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื”.
ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ื“ื™ ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ืืœื ืœืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืขืฉื” ืขืฆื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื”. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื‘"ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“" ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื—ื˜ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื ื’ืœื”.

ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื ื ืกื” ืœื“ื™ื™ืง ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื ืจืื” ืฉืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืžืชื‘ืจืจืช ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื•:

ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืืจื•ืš ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืจืง ื› ืคืกื•ืง ื (ืคืจืฉืช ื™ืชืจื•)
ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื ื”ืขืงืจื™ื ื”ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื. ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื‘, ืจืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืขื•"ื’, ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœื‘ื“ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช, ืจืง ื”ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืจืื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืฉ ื”ื ื” ืฉื ื ื”ืฉื (ืžืฉืœื™ ื•, ื˜ื–) ื•ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื‘ ื—ื•ืจืฉ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ (ืฉื ืฉื, ื™ื—), ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขื ืœื‘ื‘ืš (ื“ื”"ื‘ ื•, ื—), ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”' ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื™ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืชื (ืชื”' ืงื›ื”, ื“), ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื‘ื›ื ืฉืœื (ืž"ื ื—, ืกื), ืื ื™ ื”' ื—ื•ืงืจ ืœื‘ (ื™ืจืžื™' ื™ื–, ื™), ื•ื”' ื™ืจืื” ืœืœื‘ื‘ (ืฉ"ื ื˜ื–, ื–). ื•ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืฉืขื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื‘.
ืกืคืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื™ื˜
ืฉืœื ืœื—ืžื•ื“ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›') ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“. ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืžื›ื™ืœืชื™ืŸ (ื™ืชืจื• ืคืจืฉื” ื—') ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืœืš. ืžื” ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื ืจืื” ืฉืืฃ ื‘ืœื‘ ืืกื•ืจ, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”ื™ื‘ ื“ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื—ืช, ื•ื‘ื“ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื‘ ื“ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉืชื™ื. ื•ื ืจืื” ื“ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœื ืชืชืื•ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืคืœ ืžืœื” ื”ื•ื. ื•ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืกื•ื˜ื” ื˜' ื‘"ืจ ืคืจ"ื›) ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื• ื’ื ืืช ืฉืœื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื•.

ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืจืง ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘.
ืžื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืคื™ ื–ื”? ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืœืื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื”?
ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืžืฉืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™:

ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ืžืืžืจ ื ืื•ืช ื
ื›ื•ื ืชืš ืจืฆื•ื™ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ืื‘ืœ ืžืขืฉืš ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืฆื•ื™

ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœืžื”, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื” ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”.
ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ืžื“ืŸ ืžืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื—ืคืฅ ื•ืžืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื‘ ืจืง ืื– ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืื“ื.
ื•ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื ืชืชืื•ื•ื” ืœืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“ โ€“ ื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืœืื“ื ืฉืจื•ืื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ืื ืืžืจ ื”ืื“ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘"ืœื ืชืชืื•ื•ื”" ื•ืื ืืžืจ ื”ืื“ื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื”1 ืื–ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ "ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“" ื•ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืฉื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ื‘ื•.
ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ "ืœื ืชื—ืžื•ื“", ื”ืœืื• ืฉืžืกื›ื ืืช ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ ืขื™ืงืจืŸ ืืœื ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ืขื“ ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื.


1 ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื”ื "ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœืื•ื•ื™ื.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *