ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื”

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืดื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ื”ืณืชืฉืคืดื“
 
05/03/2024

ื ืคืชื— ื‘ืข"ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืจืืฉื™ืช ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื ื” ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• โ€“ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื” ื›ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื—ืช:

ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื”
ืงื ื’: ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืงื "ื’ ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ื™ืช' ืœืงื“ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื. ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื™ืชืขืœื” (ื‘ื ื™ื‘) ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื•ื‘ื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ (ืจ"ื” ื›ื‘ ื) ืขื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื”ื ืžืกื•ืจื” ืœื›ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืžื ื” ืฉืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืขื“ ื›ืฉืชื™ืจืื” ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉ ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ืžื ื” ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื™ื™ ื•ื™ืงื‘ืข ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ื–ื•ืœืชื• ืžืžื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื• ื•ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื–ื•ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“. ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื“โ€ฆ ื•ื“ืข ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื ืžื ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื ื“ืข ื‘ื• ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ืืœื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื“โ€ฆ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื”ื, ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื• ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื” ืžื•ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืจืื™ื”, ื•ืขืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืชื ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœื ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ ืžื™ืœืชื ื‘ืขืœืžืโ€ฆ "ื›ื™ ืžืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฆื ืชื•ืจื”".

ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ:

ื”ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืขืฉื” ืงื "ื’
ืœืงื“ืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”".

ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื‘ื”"ื’ ืžื•ื ื” ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื›ืฉืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื–ื•:

ืกืคืจ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื˜ื–
(ืขื“) ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. (ืขื”) ื•ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช.

ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื›ืœื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• 29 ื™ื•ื ื•ื’ื ืœื 30 ืืœื 29 ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ื—ืœืงื™ื. ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ื™:

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืฃ ื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื
ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ืงื™ืกืจื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ืืžืจื•: ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ื โ€“ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขื“ ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื โ€“ ื™ืžื™ื ืืชื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืื™ ืืชื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ื.

ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ 29 ื™ื•ื ื•ื—ืœืง ื‘ืขืœื™ 30 ื™ื•ื.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉื ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืื•ืจื›ืช 354 ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฉื ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ืื•ืจื›ืช 365 ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื ื•ืฆืจ ืคืขืจ ืฉืœ 11 ื™ืžื™ื.

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืฃ ื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื
ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ืืžืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ: ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื ื™ืŸ ื™ืžื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื” โ€“ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืชื” ืžื•ื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื, ื•ืื™ ืืชื” ืžื•ื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ื.

ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ืฆื‘ืจ ื•ืคืขื ื‘2-3 ืฉื ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื” ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืขืœืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžืฆืžืฆืช ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืœืฉื ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืื ื• "ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘" ื•ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื ื›ืจื ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.

ืืš ื”ืจื™"ืค ืคืจืœืขื ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื›ื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื—ืช:

ื”ืจื™"ืค ืคืจืœืขื ืขืฉื” ื "ื•
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืชืžื•ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื–"ืœ, ืฉื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืจื™ืฉ ื”ืœ' ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืืœื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ื“โ€ฆ ื•ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื•โ€ฆ ื•ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืœ' ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื”, ื“ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ื›ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื–"ืœ ืฆ"ืข ืืฆืœื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื ื›ืขืชโ€ฆ

ื™ืฉ ืœืชืจืฅ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืœื ืจืง ืืช ืขืฆื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:

ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืžื”
ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืื—ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื•ืœื™ื“ืข ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืชื—ืœืช ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืคืจืงื™ื ืืœื•.

ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ื' ืื• ืื“ืจ ื‘' ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ืฉื ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืงื“ืฉ ื’ื ืืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ.

ืจืื™ื™ื” ืื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ
ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ:
1. ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ื” โ€“ ื‘ืื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืจืื• ืืช ืžื•ืœื“ ื”ืœื‘ื ื”, ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ื•ื ื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
2. ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ โ€“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ืžืชื™ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืžืชื™ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืžื•ืœื“ ื”ืœื‘ื ื”.

ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ื” ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืขื“ื™ื.
ืืš ืœืคื™ ืจืก"ื’ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.

ื”ืจื‘ ื›ืฉืจ ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืก"ื’ ืœื ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืืœื ืจืง ืžืคื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื•ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื:

ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘ ื‘
ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจืื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื”, ื•ื”ืจืื™ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ืŸ ืžื›ืกื” ืื•ืชื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืืฉ ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื ืจืื• ื‘ื›ืœื ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ืจื— ื‘ืœื™ืœื”โ€ฆ ื•ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืชืžืฆื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื™"ื‘): "ื•ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืืฉื™ื”ื ืžืืชื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื", ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืชื™ื ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ืื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืจืื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื ืจืื™ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ื˜"ื•, ื•ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™, ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื• ื•ืกื›ื•ืช ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ืโ€ฆ
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืœืฃ ื•ืžืื” ืฉื ื™ื ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื•ืขื“ ืื ื˜ื™ื’ื ื•ืก ืจืืฉ ื’ื•ืœื” ื•ืจืืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื”ื: ืฆื“ื•ืง ื•ื‘ื™ืชื•ืก, ื•ื›ืฉื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ื (ืื‘ื•ืช ื, ื’) ืืœ ืชื”ื™ื• ื›ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจืก, ื ื›ื ืก ืกืคืง ื‘ืœื‘ื ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื ืฉ ื•ืฉื›ืจ, ื•ื™ืฆืื• ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืจืขื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื—, ื•ืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ืจืื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆื•ื“ืง ื•ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืœื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืช ื’ืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื–"ืœ: ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉื• ืœืจืื™ืช ื”ื™ืจื— ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืงืจ, ื›ืš ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืœื‘ื ื” ืคื—ื•ืชื” ืžื›"ื˜ ื™ื•ื ื•ืžื—ืฆื” ื•ืชืฉืฆ"ื’ ื—ืœืงื™ื. ื•ื”ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืœืœื• ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ืจืื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ ืื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸโ€ฆ
ื•ืžื” ืฉืชืžืฆื ืœืจื–"ืœ (ืจ"ื” ื›ื“ ื): ื“ืžื•ืช ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœืจ"ื’ ื‘ืขืœื™ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื ื‘ื›ื•ืชืœ ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืื” ืืช ื”ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช, ื”ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื–ื”: ื›ื™ ืจ"ื’ ืขืฉื” ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืœื‘ืืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืฆื“ื•ืง ื•ื‘ื™ืชื•ืก ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฆื•ืจื” ืชื•ืœื“ ืื ืืจื•ื›ื” ืื ืงืฆืจื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื’ืœื’ืœ ื•ืœืื™ื–ื” ืฆื“ ืชื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื˜ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื‘ืืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืชื” ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ื•ื ื˜ื™ืชื” ืœืฆื“ ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš, ื•ื›ืื•ืชื” ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืจืื” ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื• ื›ืš ื—ื“ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ืฉื ื”, ื ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืขืงืจ ืืœื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื˜ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื“ืช ื—ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืžืกื™ื ื™, ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื™ืจืืช ื—ื˜ื ื•ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืœืขื‘ืจ ื›ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื™ืจืื” ืœื• ืžื—ืงื™ ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืช ืฉืฆื•ื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืžืฉื” "ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื".

ืœืคื™ ืจืก"ื’ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืง ืœืืžืช ื•ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืฆื“ืงืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืžืกื™ื ื™, ืืš ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘.
ืืš ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืงื”ืœ ื•ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ื•ื—ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคืจืง ื
ื”ืœื›ื” ื”: ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ืจื— ืžืกื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื•ื ื” ืฉืฉื” ื•ืฉื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™, ืืœื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืกื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืงื“ืฉื•ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืขื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ืจื” ืœื›ื.
ื”ืœื›ื” ื•: ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืืฆื˜ื’ื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื”ืœื›ื ื•ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ืžื“ืงื“ืงื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืจืื” ื”ื™ืจื— ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื™ืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืื• ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ, ืื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืจืื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฆืคื™ืŸ ืœืขื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืฉื™ื, ืื ื‘ืื• ืขื“ื™ื ื•ื“ืจืฉื•ื ื•ื—ืงืจื•ื ื›ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื ืืžื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืžืงื“ืฉื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืื ืœื ื ืจืื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืื• ืขื“ื™ื ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืขื•ื‘ืจ, ื•ืื ื™ื“ืขื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืจืื” ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆืคื™ืŸ ืœืขื“ื™ื, ื•ืื ื‘ืื• ืขื“ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืขื“ื™ ืฉืงืจ ืื• ืฉื ืจืื™ืช ืœื”ื ื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื” ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื”ื•ื“ืื™ืช.
ื”ืœื›ื” ื–: ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื•ื™ื“ืขื• ืื ื™ืจืื” ื”ื™ืจื— ืื• ืœื ื™ืจืื”, ื•ืฉื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ืงื“ืฉื• ืืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ื•ื™ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืืช ืฉืืจ ื”ืขื ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ ืืฉืจ ืชืงืจืื• ืื•ืชื ืžืงืจืื™ ืงื“ืฉ ื•ื ืืžืจ ื•ืฉืžืจืช ืืช ื”ื—ืงื” ื”ื–ืืช ืœืžื•ืขื“ื”.

ื™ืฉื ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจืก"ื’ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ืืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื™ืชื•ืกื™ื. ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืื™ืฉื™ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืจืก"ื’ ืœื”ืคืš ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื• ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื โ€“ ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืจืžื‘"ื
ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžืื“ ื•ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื” ืžืขื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขื•ืžืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•:

ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืงื ื’
ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืงื "ื’ ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ื™ืช' ืœืงื“ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื. ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื™ืชืขืœื” (ื‘ื ื™ื‘) ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื•ื‘ื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ (ืจ"ื” ื›ื‘ ื) ืขื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื”ื ืžืกื•ืจื” ืœื›ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืžื ื” ืฉืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืขื“ ื›ืฉืชื™ืจืื” ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉ ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ืžื ื” ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื™ื™ ื•ื™ืงื‘ืข ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ื–ื•ืœืชื• ืžืžื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื• ื•ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื–ื•ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“. ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืืฆืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื™ื˜ืขื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืงืจืื™ื ื‘ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืงืจืื™ืŸ. ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื“ื• ื‘ื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื–ื•ืœืชื™ื ื• ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืขืžื”ื ื‘ืืคืœื” ื—ืฉื›ื”. ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื ืžื ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื ื“ืข ื‘ื• ืจืืฉื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ืืœื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื“. ืืœื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื– ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื•ืš ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื™ืงื‘ืข ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื’ ื ื™ื‘ืžื•' ืงื›ื‘ ื).
ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืงื•ืฉื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื—ื–ืง. ื•ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืืฆืœื ื•ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื•ื‘ื›ืืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื“ ืžืฉืจืฉื™ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืœื ื™ื“ืขื”ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืืœื ืžื™ ืฉื“ืขืชื• ืขืžื•ืงื”. ื•ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื•ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ืžืคื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื ืงื‘ืขื”ื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื‘ืขื•ื”ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ืžืคื ื™ ืืžืจื ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืคืขื•ืœืชื ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืจืื™ื”. ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ (ืกืคืจ' ืืžื•ืจ ืค"ื™) ืืœื” ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™"ื™ ืืฉืจ ืชืงืจืื• ืื•ืชื ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืืœื ืืœื•, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ื”ื ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื•ื’ื’ื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื•ืกื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืืชื ื• ื”ืงื‘ืœื”. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื“ืข ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื”ื ืจ"ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื• ืจ"ื— ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื” ืžื•ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืœื ื‘ืจืื™ื”. ื•ืขืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืชื ื ืกืžื•ืš. ืœื ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื’ืœื•ื™ื™ ืžื™ืœืชื. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืื“.

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ โ€“ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืข"ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืฉืืœื” ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื™ืกื•ื“ ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉืื ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืจืง ืœื’ืœื•ื™ื™ ืžื™ืœืชื ื‘ืขืœืžื1. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืืš ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืจืืฉ ืœื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•:

ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืš ื‘ืื•ืจ. ืื™ืœื• ืื™ืคืฉืจ ื“ืจืš ืžืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืขื“ืจื• ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœืืœ ืžืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืœื ื™ืžื—ื” ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ืžื›ืœ ื•ื›ืœ, ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืกืžืš ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื”ื ื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื ื• ืื– ื›ืœื•ื ื‘ืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื. ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ ื•ื ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืืจื ื•. ื›ื™ ืžืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฆื ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื™"ื™ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื (ื™ืฉืขื™' ื‘ ืžื™ื›ื” ื“). ื•ื›ืฉื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœื ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื™ืชื‘ืืจ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื ื•ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื‘ื•.

ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื•ืœื™ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืžืื•ืžื”. ื•ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ:

ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื—ืœืง ื‘ (ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื”) ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืœื“
ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื“ืขื›"ืค ืœื›"ืข ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืฉืชื ื” ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืชื ื” ืืœื ืฉืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื” ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉืืจ ื"ื™ ื•ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ืœื ืžื ื” ืœืž"ืข =ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื”= ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื"ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ืž"ืž ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื–ื”"ื– ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื›' ื‘ืž"ืข ืงื "ื’ ื•ืžื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื™ื” ื”ืžืคืจืฉ ืกืค"ื” ืžื”' ืงื”"ื— =ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ= ื•ื–"ืœ ื•ื ืืžืจ ืื ื—"ื• ื™ืื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื"ื™ ื™ืช"ืฉ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ืชื›ืœื” ืื•ืžื” ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘"ื“ ื‘ื"ื™ ื•ืœื ื‘ื—"ืœ ื‘"ื“ ืฉื ืกืžื›ื• ื‘ื"ื™ ื”ื™' ื–ื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—"ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื ื• ื›ืœื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืขื‘ืจื™' ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืœื ื‘ื"ื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฆื ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืข"ื›ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืจืœื‘"ื— ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืจืฆ"ื• ื™ืข"ืฉ ื•ืžื”ืคืœื ืฉื›' ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ืชื›ืœื” ืื•ืžื” ื–ื• ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ื™ ืืœื• ื—"ื• ืœื ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื•ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื"ื™ ืืคื™' ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—"ืœ ืžื™ืงืจื™ ื›ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื—"ื• ืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื"ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืขื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืก"ืœ ืœืจืžื‘"ื ื“ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืงื“ืฉื•ื ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืืœื ื›ืฉืขื›"ืค ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื"ื™ ืืคื™' ื›ื•ืจืžื™' ื•ื™ื•ื’ื‘ื™' ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ื•ืื– ื”ื›ื•ืจืžื™' ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืขืค"ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื ื”ื”ืžื” ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉืจื•ืื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ื”ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื•ืขื™"ื– ืžืชืงื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืื™ ืœืื• ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™' ื—"ื• ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื—"ื• ืืœื ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื ื• ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™' ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ืข"ื› ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื—"ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื”ื "ืœ ืื“ืจื‘ื ื”ื™' ื "ื‘ ืฉื ื” ืฉืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืื“ื ืฉื ืžืฉื"ื› ืงืœืงืœืชื™ื ื• ืขืชื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™' ื”ื™ื” ืชืงื ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ื–ื”ื• ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืž"ืž ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืคื—ืชื” ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื” ื•ืœื ืชืœื™' ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืืœื ื”ืืจืฅ ืขืฆืžื” ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื•"ื” ืœื ืชื ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื•ืœื ืจืžื– ืงืจื ื“ืค' ืจืื” ืืœื ืงื“ื™ืžืช ืขื ื™ื™ ืืจืฆืš ืœื—"ืœ ื•ืœื ืจืžื– ืงื“ื™ืžืช ืขื ื™ื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื"ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื–ื™ืœ ื‘ืชืจ ื˜ืขืžื ื•ืคืฉื˜ ื”ื’ืž' ื“ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื"ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื” ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืงื“ืฉื•ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืจืื•ื™' ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื "ืœ ื"ื› ืžืžื™ืœื ื”"ื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื"ื™ ื“ื”ื›ืœ ื—ื“ ื“ืืœืช"ื” ืžื ื ืœื™ื” ืœืชื ื ื“ืžืชื ื™' ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœื’ืจืฉ ื‘ืข"ื› ืื™ ืœื ืจืžื™ื–ื ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื

.
ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืจืฅ โ€“ ื›ืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืžื™ืขื” ื•ืืฉืจื™ื ื• ืฉื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื.

ืื ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื 3 ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ:
1. ื‘ืื™ื ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
2. ืื™ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
3. ืื™ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืื– ืื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื™ืœื•ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื“ืฉื• ืžืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.

ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจ"ื™ ืžื™ื’ืืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืงื“ืฉ:

ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจ"ื™ ืžื™ื’ืืฉ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืžื•
ื•ืœืื™ื–ื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉโ€ฆ ื•ืื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื™ื“ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื ื“ื™ืจื—ื, ืžืื™ื–ื” ื˜ืขื ืœื ื ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืจืื™ื”โ€ฆ ื•ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืจืื™ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื™ื“ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื ื“ื™ืจื—ื ืœื ื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื• ืœืงื“ืฉื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื•ื”ื• ืฉืžื™ื.

ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจ"ื™ ืžื™ื’ืืฉ ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžืชื™ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื. ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื“ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื•ืกื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžืชื‘ืืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจ"ื™ ืžื™ื’ืืฉ.
ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืขืœื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื: ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื ื” ื•ื ืคืฉ.
ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืข"ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœื›ืชื”, ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•. ืืžืŸ!


1 ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื•ื›ื” ืœืชืจืฅ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืœื™ ืจืื™ื™ื”, ื•ืื ื• ืžืชืจืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืžื”ืจืœื‘"ื— ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืฉื›ืชื‘.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *