ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

'ื•ื™ืงื— ืงืจื—' โ€“ ืžื” ืœืงื—?

ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข >> ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ >> ืงืจื—
ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื•ืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื
 
27/06/2001

"ื•ื™ืงื— ืงืจื—" โ€“ ืžื” ืœืงื—?

ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืงึนืจึทื— ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึดืฆึฐื”ึธืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืงึฐื”ึธืช ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืœึตื•ึดื™ ื•ึฐื“ึธืชึธืŸ ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ืจึธื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืึธื‘ ื•ึฐืื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืคึผึถืœึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืจึฐืื•ึผื‘ึตืŸ.

ื—ื–"ืœ ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื•ื™ืงื—", ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืžื” ืœืงื—. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”"ืœืงื™ื—ื”" ื‘ืื” ืœื‘ื˜ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™1:

"ื•ื™ืงื— ืงืจื—" โ€“ ืื™ืŸ "ื•ื™ืงื—" ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืคืœื™ื’ื' ืฉืœื‘ื• ืœืงื—ื•, ื•ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื˜"ื–): "ืžื” ื™ืงื—ืš ืœื‘ืš", ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืฉื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื”ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ".

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ, ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉื” ืœืงืจื— "ื”ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื ื•ื›ื•'" ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœืฉื•ืŸ ืœืงื™ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืคืœื’ื•ืช ืข"ื™ ื”ืœื‘?
ื•ืืฃ ื”ืžื”ืจื–"ื• ื”ืชืงืฉื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉ"ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื".
ื’ื ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื•ื™ืงื—" ื•ืืžืจ2:

ื•ื™ืงื— ืงืจื— โ€“ ืžื”ื• "ื•ื™ืงื—". ืœืงื— ืขืฆื” ืจืขื” ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžืคื ื™ื•, ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“, ืืœื ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•, ื ืื‘ื“ ืžืžื ื•. ืงืจื— ืจื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื•, ืฉืœื• ืื‘ื“, ื•ื”ืื—ืจ ืœื ื”ืจื•ื™ื—.
ืงืจื— ื”ืœืš ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ืžื”ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช โ€“ ืคืœื•ื’ืชื.

ืจื•ืื™ื ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”ืจ ืœืžื“ืจืฉ. ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”"ืœืงื™ื—ื”" ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ื”ืชืคืœื’ื•ืช'. ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืœื” "ื•ื™ืงื—" ืฉืจืฆื” ืงืจื— ืœืงื—ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื•ืงืจื— ืจืฆื” ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื” ืžืื”ืจืŸ.

ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžืื™ื•ื‘ ืžืจืื” ืฉื”ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœื ื•.
ืœืื—ืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืจืขื™ ืื™ื•ื‘ ืขื•ื ื” ืœื”ื ืื™ื•ื‘ ื›ืš3:

ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืŸ ืึดื™ึผื•ึนื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึทืจ:
ืึธืžึฐื ึธื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึทืชึผึถื ืขึธื ื•ึฐืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื ืชึผึธืžื•ึผืช ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื”.
ื’ึผึทื ืœึดื™ ืœึตื‘ึธื‘ ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึนื›ึถื ืœึนื ื ึนืคึตืœ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืžึดื›ึผึถื ื•ึฐืึถืช ืžึดื™ ืึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึน ืึตืœึผึถื”.

ืื™ื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ืœืจืขื™ื•, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื•ื”ืชื ื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืืœ.
ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืืœื™ืคื– ื”ืชื™ืžื ื™4:

ืžึทื” ื™ึผึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื ึตื“ึธืข ืชึผึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผืโ€ฆ
ื”ึทืžึฐืขึทื˜ ืžึดืžึผึฐืšึธ ืชึผึทื ึฐื—ึปื•ืžื•ึนืช ืึตืœ ื•ึฐื“ึธื‘ึธืจ ืœึธืึทื˜ ืขึดืžึผึธืšึฐ.
ืžึทื” ื™ึผึดืงึผึธื—ึฒืšึธ ืœึดื‘ึผึถืšึธ ื•ึผืžึทื” ื™ึผึดืจึฐื–ึฐืžื•ึผืŸ ืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ.

ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื” ืื™ื•ื‘ ืื™ื ืš ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืฉืื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืชื ื• ืœืš ืชื ื—ื•ืžื™ื, ื•ืืชื” ืœื™ื‘ืš ืžืคืชื” ืื•ืชืš ืœื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•.

ื ืจืื”, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืื™ื•ื‘ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื—:
ื”ืžืขื˜ โ€“ ืจื•ืžื– ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” "ื”ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื•ื’ื•'",
ื™ืงื—ืš โ€“ ืจื•ืžื– ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื•ื™ืงื—",
ืœื‘ืšโ€ฆ ืขื™ื ื™ืš โ€“ ืจื•ืžื– ืœืคืกื•ืง "ื•ืœื ืชืชื•ืจื• ืื—ืจื™ ืœื‘ื‘ื›ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืขื™ื ื™ื›ืโ€ฆ" ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืœื— ื•ืกืžื•ืš ืœืคืจืฉืชื ื•.

ืืฆืœ ืงืจื— ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื—ืœืง ืขืœ ื›ื”ื•ื ืช ืื”ืจืŸ. ืœื™ื‘ื• ืœืงื—ื• ืœืขืฆื” ืจืขื” ื ื’ื“ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื—, ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื”ืจืŸ ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ื›ื”ื•ื ื”. ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืฉื™ื‘ ืœื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื• ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื”ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ", ืžื“ื•ืข ืืชื ืžืžืขื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื›ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ืืฃ ืืชื ืงื‘ืœืชื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืื ืชื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื“ื•ืงื ืื”ืจืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื”.
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื™ื•ื‘ ื›ืš:
ืืœื™ืคื– ื”ืชื™ืžื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœืื™ื•ื‘ "ืžื” ื™ืงื—ืš ืœื‘ืš", ืžื“ื•ืข ืืชื” ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืžืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืชื ื•. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื• ื•ื ื ืกื” ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื ื• โ€“ ืœื ื ืฆืœื™ื—.
ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— โ€“ "ื”ืžืขื˜", ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ืข ืืชื” ืื™ื•ื‘ ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืงื‘ืœืช ืžื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื•ืžื“ื•ืข "ื™ืงื—ืš ืœื‘ืšโ€ฆ ื™ืจื–ืžื•ืŸ ืขื™ื ื™ืš", ืฉืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืขื™ื ื™ืš ื”ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื•ืืจืฆื™ืช ื•ืœื ืœืจืื™ื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื”.
ื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ื• ืืœื™ืคื– ืฉืืฃ ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื‘ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื›ืคื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืœื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.

ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื•ื: "ืื™ืŸ 'ื•ื™ืงื—' ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืคืœื™ื’ื' ืฉืœื‘ื• ืœืงื—ื•" โ€“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืงืจื— ื”ื™ื” ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช ืฉืœื•, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื›ืŸ ืงื™ื ื ื‘ืื”ืจืŸ. ื›ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืจืง ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืจืื™ื” ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื—ืกืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ืื ื ื™ืชื ื” ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ืœืื”ืจืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื–ื” ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื—. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืจื•ืžืžื™ื ืœืจืื™ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืจืื™ื ืžื—ื•ืœืงื™ื, ืžืชืื—ื“ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืืœืงื™ ืื—ื“.

1 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื™"ื— ืคืกืงื” ื’'.
2 ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— ื“ืฃ ืงืข"ื• ืข"ื‘.
3 ืื™ื•ื‘ ื™"ื‘, ื‘'-ื’'.
4 ืื™ื•ื‘ ื˜"ื•, ื˜'-ื™"ื‘.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *