ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœืื—ืื‘

ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืจ
ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืณืชืฉืคืดื”
 
20/11/2024

ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื

ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ืขืœ

ืžืœื›ื™ื ื' ื˜"ื–:

ื›ื ืึธื– ื™ึตื—ึธืœึตืง ื”ึธืขึธื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึทื—ึตืฆึดื™  ื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืชึดื‘ึฐื ึดื™ ื‘ึถืŸ-ื’ึผึดื™ื ึทืช ืœึฐื”ึทืžึฐืœึดื™ื›ื•ึน ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™.  ื›ื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึถื—ึฑื–ึทืง ื”ึธืขึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืึถืช-ื”ึธืขึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืชึผึดื‘ึฐื ึดื™ ื‘ึถืŸ-ื’ึผึดื™ื ึทืช ื•ึทื™ึผึธืžึธืช ืชึผึดื‘ึฐื ึดื™ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืœึนืšึฐ ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™.  {ืค}

ื›ื’ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืช ืฉืึธื ึธื” ืœึฐืึธืกึธื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืžึธืœึทืšึฐ ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืขึทืœ-ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืชึดืจึฐืฆึธื” ืžึธืœึทืšึฐ ืฉืึตืฉื-ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื.  ื›ื“ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึถืŸ ืึถืช-ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืžึตืึถืช ืฉืึถืžึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึดื›ึผึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื›ึผึธืกึถืฃ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื‘ึถืŸ ืึถืช-ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึถืช-ืฉืึตื ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื ึธื” ืขึทืœ ืฉืึถื-ืฉืึถืžึถืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึตื™ ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ.  ื›ื” ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึธืจึทืข ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•.  ื›ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ-ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื™ึธืจึธื‘ึฐืขึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ื ึฐื‘ึธื˜ ื•ื‘ื—ื˜ืืชื™ื• (ื•ึผื‘ึฐื—ึทื˜ึผึธืืชื•ึน) ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถื—ึฑื˜ึดื™ื ืึถืช-ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ  ืœึฐื”ึทื›ึฐืขึดื™ืก ืึถืช-ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทื‘ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถื.  ื›ื– ื•ึฐื™ึถืชึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื•ึผื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธืชื•ึน ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื”  ื”ึฒืœึนื-ื”ึตื ื›ึผึฐืชื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ-ืกึตืคึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ืœึฐืžึทืœึฐื›ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ.  ื›ื— ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึทื‘ ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืขึดื-ืึฒื‘ึนืชึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึธื‘ึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืœึนืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึธื™ื•.  {ืค}

ื›ื˜ ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืžึธืœึทืšึฐ ืขึทืœ-ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืฉืึธื ึธื” ืœึฐืึธืกึธื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืœึนืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืขึทืœ-ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึทื™ึดื ืฉืึธื ึธื”.  ืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•.  ืœื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื”ึฒื ึธืงึตืœ ืœึถื›ึฐืชึผื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื—ึทื˜ึผึนืื•ืช ื™ึธืจึธื‘ึฐืขึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ื ึฐื‘ึธื˜ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืึถืช-ืึดื™ื–ึถื‘ึถืœ ื‘ึผึทืช-ืึถืชึฐื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืฆึดื™ื“ึนื ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“ ืึถืช-ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ื•ึผ ืœื•ึน.  ืœื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึถื ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึทื‘ึผึธืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ.  ืœื’ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ืึถืช-ื”ึธืึฒืฉืึตืจึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผื•ึนืกึถืฃ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืœึฐื”ึทื›ึฐืขึดื™ืก ืึถืช-ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•.  ืœื“ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธืžึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึธื ึธื” ื—ึดื™ืึตืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึธืึฑืœึดื™ ืึถืช-ื™ึฐืจึดื™ื—ึนื”  ื‘ึผึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ืจึธื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืจื•ึน ื™ึดืกึผึฐื“ึธื”ึผ ื•ื‘ืฉื’ื™ื‘ (ื•ึผื‘ึดืฉื‚ึฐื’ื•ึผื‘) ืฆึฐืขึดื™ืจื•ึน ื”ึดืฆึผึดื™ื‘ ื“ึผึฐืœึธืชึถื™ื”ึธ ื›ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึดืŸ-ื ื•ึผืŸ.  {ืก}

 

ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื˜ ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ืื—ืื‘ โ€“

ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ืื—ืื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื "ื‘ืŸ ืขืžืจื™"

ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ , ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืกื•ื’ืจ ืืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืขืžืจื™, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื—ืจื™ื• ืžืœืš ื‘ื ื• ืื—ืื‘. ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.

ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืืžื™ืจื”,  ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืื—ืื‘ ื”ื•ื "ื‘ืŸ ืขืžืจื™" ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™, ืืœื ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืš ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขืžืจื™.

ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ:

ืžืคืกื•ืง ื—โ€“ ื›"ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืื‘ืง ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉ ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช, ืžืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœืคื•ืช ืžืœื›ื™ื. ื–ืžืจื™ ื”ื•ืจื’ ืืช ื‘ืขืฉื”, ื•ื’ื ื–ืžืจื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื™ืžื™ื, (ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืœืš 7 ื™ืžื™ื)

ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื›"ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื, ื”ืขื ื ื—ืฆื” ืœื—ืฆื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืžืจื™ ื•ืชื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ื ืช, ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ ืฆื‘ื. ืื ืฉื™ ืขืžืจื™ ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ,ื•ื‘ืชื "ืš ืœื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืจื. ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื–ื” ืงืจื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ืืช ื‘ืช ืขืžืจื™ ืœื‘ื ื•, ื™ื”ื•ืฉืคื˜.

ืื—ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชื "ืš ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” โ€“ ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.

ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืžื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช "ืชื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ื ืช" ืื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“? ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ื˜ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืœืš ืขื•ืžืจื™.

ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช,  ื”ืฉื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืžืฉื”ื•. ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืคืœื’ื•ืช, ืฉื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžืžืœื›ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืฆืžื” ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, "ืื– ื™ื—ืœืง ื”ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื—ืฆื™".

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื”, ื ื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช.

ืขืœ ืขืžืจื™ ื ืืžืจ "ื•ื™ืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืจ ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸโ€ฆ.ื•ื™ืงืจื ืืช ืฉื ื”ืขื™ืจ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ืฉืžืจ ืื“ื•ื ื™ ื”ื”ืจ  ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ"

ืขืœ ืชื‘ื ื™ ื ืืžืจ ืจืง ื”ืฉื ืฉืœื•. ืžื” ื–ื” "ืชื‘ื ื™"?  ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืชื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื "ื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ื ื”".

ื”ืฉื ืฉืœื• ื“ื•ืžื” ืœ"ืขืžืจื™", ืจืง ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืขื•ืžืจ.

ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื ื• ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงืจืงืข ื•ืœืื“ืžื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชืงื•ืคื”.

ืชื‘ืŸ = ืงืฉ ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืœื‘ื ื™ื, ืขื•ืžืจื™ื ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ.

ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”, ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืจื•ื—. ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืš ืื•ืœื™, ืฉืœืžืžืœื›ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื•, ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™. ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช: ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืœื—ื•ืžืจ?

ื”ืื ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืขื“ ื”ืชื‘ืŸ? ืื• ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืจืง ืœืขื•ืžืจื™ื. ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืžืจื™ื ื ืฆื—ื•, ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื.

ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื•ืžืจื™? ืงื•ื ื” ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืงื•ืจื ืœื” ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ืฉืžืจ ืื“ื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ.

ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืจ, ืื– ืœืžื” ืงื•ืจื ืขืžืจื™ ืœืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืžื•?

ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืื—ืื‘ ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื•? ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืคื”, ื”ืชื "ืš ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืจืงืข, ืื™ืš? ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ "ืื—ืื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืขืžืจื™". โ€“ ืชืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืขืžืจื™.

ืžื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ืžืจื™? "ื›ื” ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึธืจึทืข ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•"

ื•ื’ื ืขืœ ืื—ืื‘ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ:

 

ื›ื˜ ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืžึธืœึทืšึฐ ืขึทืœ-ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืฉืึธื ึธื” ืœึฐืึธืกึธื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืœึนืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืขึทืœ-ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึทื™ึดื ืฉืึธื ึธื”.  ืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ืขึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•.  ืœื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื”ึฒื ึธืงึตืœ ืœึถื›ึฐืชึผื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื—ึทื˜ึผึนืื•ืช ื™ึธืจึธื‘ึฐืขึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ-ื ึฐื‘ึธื˜ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืึถืช-ืึดื™ื–ึถื‘ึถืœ ื‘ึผึทืช-ืึถืชึฐื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืฆึดื™ื“ึนื ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“ ืึถืช-ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ื•ึผ ืœื•ึน.  ืœื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึถื ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึทื‘ึผึธืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึนืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ.  ืœื’ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ืึถืช-ื”ึธืึฒืฉืึตืจึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผื•ึนืกึถืฃ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืœึฐื”ึทื›ึฐืขึดื™ืก ืึถืช-ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•.  ืœื“ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธืžึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึธื ึธื” ื—ึดื™ืึตืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึธืึฑืœึดื™ ืึถืช-ื™ึฐืจึดื™ื—ึนื”  ื‘ึผึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ืจึธื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืจื•ึน ื™ึดืกึผึฐื“ึธื”ึผ ื•ื‘ืฉื’ื™ื‘ (ื•ึผื‘ึดืฉื‚ึฐื’ื•ึผื‘) ืฆึฐืขึดื™ืจื•ึน ื”ึดืฆึผึดื™ื‘ ื“ึผึฐืœึธืชึถื™ื”ึธ ื›ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึดืŸ-ื ื•ึผืŸ.  {ืก}

 

 

ืคืจืง ื™ื–:

ื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื”ึทืชึผึดืฉืึฐื‘ึผึดื™ ืžึดืชึผึนืฉืึธื‘ึตื™ ื’ึดืœึฐืขึธื“ ืึถืœ-ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ื—ึทื™-ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื• ืึดื-ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ื˜ึทืœ ื•ึผืžึธื˜ึธืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึดื-ืœึฐืคึดื™ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™.  {ืก} ื‘ ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ-ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืœึตืืžึนืจ.  ื’ ืœึตืšึฐ ืžึดื–ึผึถื” ื•ึผืคึธื ึดื™ืชึธ ืœึผึฐืšึธ ืงึตื“ึฐืžึธื” ื•ึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผึฐื ึทื—ึทืœ ื›ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ-ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื“ึผึตืŸ.  ื“ ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึตื”ึทื ึผึทื—ึทืœ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื” ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื”ึธืขึนืจึฐื‘ึดื™ื ืฆึดื•ึผึดื™ืชึดื™ ืœึฐื›ึทืœึฐื›ึผึถืœึฐืšึธ ืฉืึธื.  ื” ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ื›ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึถื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื ึทื—ึทืœ ื›ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ-ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื“ึผึตืŸ.  ื• ื•ึฐื”ึธืขึนืจึฐื‘ึดื™ื ืžึฐื‘ึดืึดื™ื ืœื•ึน ืœึถื—ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ ื•ึฐืœึถื—ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื‘ึผึธืขึธืจึถื‘ ื•ึผืžึดืŸ-ื”ึทื ึผึทื—ึทืœ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื”.  ื– ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืžึดืงึผึตืฅ ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึดื™ื‘ึทืฉื ื”ึทื ึผึธื—ึทืœ  ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื-ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื’ึถืฉืึถื ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ.

 

ื‘ืคืจืง ื™"ื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื.

ืืœื™ื”ื• ืžืœืืš ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื ื— ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืืœื™ื”ื•" , ื“ืžื•ืช ื ืขื™ืžื” ืฉืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืขื ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช.

ืื‘ืœ ืืฆืœื ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื“ืžื•ืช ืงืฆืช ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื•ืชื• ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื ื•.

ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื™ื”ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืžืฉ  ืื™ืš ืฉืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื•ื ื•ืขืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื,  ื•ืœื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืžื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื” ืฉืงืจื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืฉืื•ืชื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืื—ืื‘.

 

ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื•ื ืืœ ื”ื’ืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ื›ื™ ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื™ื, ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื›ื–ื”, ืืœื "ืœืžื˜ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืชืฉืชื” ืžื™ื".

ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” "ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื ืฉืžื•ืข ืชืฉืžืขื•โ€ฆ" ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื”ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืฉื.

 

ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื”: ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžื™ื? ืžื” ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ?

ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœืžืฆืจื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืฉื ื ื™ืชืง ืื™ืชื ืงืฉืจ, ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืžื”ื ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ืื• ื™ื—ืก ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ.

ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื‘ื"ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ. ื”' ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื•, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืžื” ืฉื ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื• ืฉืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืื•ืชื•. ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืงืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ.

ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืžื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืืœ ื”ื’ืฉื ืฉืœื”ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื—ืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœ, ืืœื™ื”ื• ืขื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื’ืฉื ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ "ื‘ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืžื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื’ืฉื".

ื ืขืžื™ืง ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ ืื—ืื‘, ืื™ืš ื ื›ื ืกืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ืขืœ?

ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”: "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื”ื ืงืœ ืœื—ื˜ื•ื ื‘ื—ื˜ืื•ืช ื™ืจื‘ืขื ื‘ืŸ ื ื‘ื˜- ื•ื™ืงื— ืœื• ืœืื™ืฉื” ืืช ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ื‘ืชโ€ฆ"

ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ? ืžื™ ืฉื™ื“ืš? ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืืœื•, ื”ื ืœื ืžืื”ื‘ื”, ืืœ ืžืฆื•ืจืš ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™.

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื›ื–ื•, ื”ื™ื ื›ืจื™ืชืช ื‘ืจื™ืช.

ื›ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืœืžืœืš, "ืœื ื™ืจื‘ื” ืœื• ื ืฉื™ื, ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœื›ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช ืขื ืขืžื™ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจ. ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช, ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจ. ื’ื ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื’ื ืื—ืื‘ ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืจ.

ืžื” ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ? ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื”, ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืืช ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจืชื•ืช, ืžื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ืช, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื•ื”ืืฉืจื”.

ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืžืงืœ ื•ื’ื–ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื, ืื ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืชื—, ื”ื‘ืช, ื”ื™ื ื‘ืช ืขืจื•ื‘ื”.

ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืฆื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ ืฉืœื”, ื”ื ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื. ืฉืœืžื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ื ืขืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืชืžื•ืจืช ื–ืืช ืฉืœืžื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉืžื™ืจื”.

ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ืื—ืื‘, ืžืžืœื›ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื“ืžืžืช ืžืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื•', ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืงืฉื”. ื›ื ืจืื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ, "ืชื‘ื ื™ ื•ืขื•ืžืจื™" ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืื•ื›ืœ.

ื•ืื—ืื‘, ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื—ืื‘ ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื™ื•, ืฉื‘ื ื” ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืงืจื” ืืช ื”ืฉื ืขืœ ืฉื ืื“ื•ื ื™ ืื•ืชื” ืขื™ืจ. (ื›ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืขืกืงื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”)

ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื—ืื‘ ืขื•ืฉื”, ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืจืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืฆื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืชืŸ ืฉืงื˜ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืขืฆื, ื•ืื—ืื‘ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืฉืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ืฉืชื›ื ืก ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ืขื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืฉืœื”. ืื—ืื‘ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฉืชืฃ ืขื ื–ื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœื‘ืขืœ. (ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ื™).

ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืจื™, ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืื’ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื™ื•.

ื•ืขืœ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืžืœืš, "ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžืฉื ืืชื” ืชืฉื™ื’ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืื•ื›ืœ? ืœื, ื”ื›ืœ ืžื”ืฉื."

"ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžืฉื ื™ื’ื™ืข ืœืš ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ" ืื•ืžืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• "ืื ื™ ืืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื ืจืื” ืœืืŸ ืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข. ืœื ื™ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ืš ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ืฉืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืฆื•ืจ ื•ืฆื™ื“ื•ืŸ, ืœืš ืชืคื ื” ืœื‘ืขืœ ื•ืชืจืื” ืื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“"

ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ืื‘ ืœืืœื™ื”ื•. ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืขื‘ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืข"ื–, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *