ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืืช ืงืจื‘ื ื™ ืœื—ืžื™ ืœืึดืฉึทื™

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ืืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื”
 
08/07/2005

"ืืช ืงืจื‘ื ื™ ืœื—ืžื™ ืœืึดืฉึทื™"

ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืฉืืœื”1:

ืืช ืงืจื‘ื ื™ ืœื—ืžื™ ืœืืฉื™ ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ึนื—ื™ ืชืฉืžืจื• ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืœื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•.

ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืงืจื‘ื ื™ ืœื—ืžื™", ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ืื“ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืœื—ื, ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”.
ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื•2:

'ืืช ืงืจื‘ื ื™ ืœื—ืžื™ ืœืืฉื™' ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื, ื”ื‘ื”ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืื ื™ ื‘ืจืืชื™ ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื ) 'ืื ืืจืขื‘ ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืš' ืื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื”.

ื ื ืกื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืœืš ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”3:

ื•ืขืชื” ืื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžืš ื›ื™ ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื™ ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืงืจืืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœื•, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืืช ืงืจื‘ื ื™ ืœื—ืžื™ ืœืืฉื™ ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื—ื™', ื”ืื™ืŸ ืคืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื”' ื”ื, ื•ื”ื ืœื—ืžื• ื•ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืœื•.

ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ:

ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ 'ืœืืฉื™' ืžืชืจืฅ ื›ืœ ืงื•ืฉื™ื”, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืžืจ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ื”ืœื—ื ื•ืจื™ื— ื”ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™, ืื™ื ื ื›ื™ ืื 'ืœืืฉื™', ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืืฉ ื”ื ืคืขืœืช ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื” โ€“ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื—ืžื”, ื•ืืช ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ื”ื ื™ืื›ืœื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ื•ื”ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ โ€“ ืœื ืฉื›ื™ื ืช ืžืงื•ื ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื›ื™ื ืช ืžืขืœื”. ื•ืงื— ืœืš ื›ืžืฉืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ื”ืžื™. ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ื–ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืฉืชื•ื• ื›ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื“ืจื• ื›ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื, ืกื“ื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืงืจืืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช, ื ืขืฉื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืžืœืš, ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืชื• ื•ืœื”ื“ืจื™ื›ื• ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื™ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืคืจืข ื”ืกื“ืจ โ€“ ื™ืคืจื“ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืžืžื ื•. ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืื›ืœ ื•ืœืžืฉืงื” ื•ืœืจื™ื—ื•ืช ื ืขื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืืœื” ืžืชืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื ืคืจื“ ื‘ื”ืคืจื“ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื’ื•ืžืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื•ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื•, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืžื•ื ืข ืื•ืชื” ืžืžื ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืกืง ืžื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœื™ื• ืื•ืจ ื•ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื“ืขืช, ืืš ื‘ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืื‘ื•ื“. ืื•ืœื ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื ืขืœื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืคื•ืœ ื‘ื• ืœืื•ืช ืื• ื™ืงืจื”ื• ื”ืคืกื“. ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” -ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืื›ืœ ื•ื”ืžืฉืชื” ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืœื ื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืืคื•ื 'ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”" ื•'ืœื—ื ืืœื”ื™ืš' ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืืœื•ื” ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืžืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ื›ื”ื ื™ื”, ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืชื ื•ืชื ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื”ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื ืขืœื” ืžืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžืื›ืœื ื•ืžืžืฉืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืžื ื›ื™ ืื ืœื ืคืฉื.

ืจื™ื”"ืœ ืžื“ืžื” ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืื“ื. ื ืฉืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืชื•, ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืื•ื›ืœืช ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™. ื›ืš ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช โ€“ ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ื ื™ื–ื•ื ืช" ืžื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื™ื ื ื• "ืื•ื›ืœ" ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ืืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ื›ืœืช ืื•ืชื, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืœืึดืฉืึทื™".
ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื™ื”"ืœ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืขืฆื ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืื“ื ื˜ื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”:
"ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ืขื•ืœื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ืื“ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ".
ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื, ืขืœ ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื•ื "ืžื•ื“ืœ" ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืชืขืœื™ื, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื.
ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” โ€“ ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ื™ื” ืื“ื, "ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ื‘ืจืื ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื, ื•ื™ืงืจื ืืช ืฉืžื ืื“ื"4.
ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื• โ€“ ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื ืœื• โ€“ "ื•ืืชืŸ ืฆืื ื™ ืฆืืŸ ืžืจืขื™ืชื™ ืื“ื ืืชืโ€ฆ"5.
ืืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื โ€“ "ื•ืขืœ ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืกื ื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืžืจืื” ืื“ืโ€ฆ"6.
ื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘7: "ื•ืžื‘ืฉืจื™ ืื—ื–ื” ืืœื•ืง", ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืื“ื, ืžืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” โ€“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ โ€“ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื• ื”ืจืืฉ โ€“ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ, ื•ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื โ€“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื.

ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื•, ืฉืžื” ืฉืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื“ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™, ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืคืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ8. ื”ืื“ื ืื•ื›ืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื’ืฉืžื™, ื•ืžื–ื” ื—ื™ื” ื”ื ืฉืžื” โ€“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื”ื›ื™ืฆื“?
ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ9:

ื›ื™ ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืœื—ื ืœื‘ื“ื• ื™ื—ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆื ืคื™ ื”' ื™ื—ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื.

ื•ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช10 ืฉื”ื ืฉืžื” ื—ื™ื” ืžืžื•ืฆื ืคื™ ื”' ืฉื‘ืœื—ื.
ื‘ืœื—ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™, ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, "ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช", ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื ื™ื–ื•ื ืช ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉื‘ืื•ื›ืœ, ืืœื ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•.
ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœืช ื”ืืฉ, ืืš ืœื ื–ื”ื• ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”. ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช.

ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช.
ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืื™ื ื ืžื ื•ืชืงื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื”. ื›ืฉื ืฉื‘ืื“ื ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืงืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ืœืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื–ื ืื—ื“, ื›ืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ืš ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช.
ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื ืขืฉื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืžื—, ื•ืžื•ืงืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืœืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืœื”', ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™.

"ืื›ื™ืœืช" ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืฉืžื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™.


1 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื—, ื‘'.
2 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื›"ื, ื˜"ื–.
3 ืžืืžืจ ืฉื ื™, ื›"ื”.
4 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”', ื‘'.
5 ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœ"ื“, ืœ"ื.
6 ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื', ื›"ื•.
7 ืื™ื•ื‘ ื™"ื˜, ื›"ื•.
8 ืขื™' ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืœืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ื•' ืกืขื™' ื', ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” "ืžื” ืื•ื›ืœืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”" โ€“ ืœืคืจืฉืช ืขืงื‘ ื”'ืชืฉืก"ื’, ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืืชืจ.
9 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—', ื’'.
10 ืขื™' ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืœืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ืœืคืจืฉืช ืขืงื‘ ื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืœ' ืคืกื— ื”ืœื›ื” ื’'.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *