ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื”ื ื˜ื•ืข ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื’ืณ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื’
 
09/09/2002

ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื”ื ื˜ื•ืข ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื

ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืš1:

ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื‘ืชื• ืขืœ ื›ืกื ืžืžืœื›ืชื• ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืœื• ืืช ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ืœื•ื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืžื• ื•ืงืจื ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ืœืžื“ ืœื™ืจืื” ืืช ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื• ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื•ืืช ื”ื—ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืขืฉืชื. ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ืจื•ื ืœื‘ื‘ื• ืžืื—ื™ื• ื•ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžืื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ืืจื™ืš ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžืžืœื›ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื”ื’ืžืจื2 ื“ื ื” ืžื”ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื• ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืขื•ื ื”:

ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื, ืœืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช. ื•ื›ื“ืชื ื™ื 'ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืœื• ืืช ืžืฉื ื”' โ€“ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืœืฉืžื• ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช, ืื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื” ื•ื ื›ื ืกืช ืขืžื•, ื•ืื—ืช ืฉืžื•ื ื—ืช ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื’ื ื–ื™ื•.

ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื• ืฉื ื™ ืกืคืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืžื•ื ื— ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืื—ื“ ืฉืžืœื•ื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื”3:

ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” โ€“ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืขืžื•, ื ื›ื ืก โ€“ ืžื›ื ื™ืกื” ืขืžื•, ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื™ื ืขืžื•, ืžื™ืกื‘ โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืžื• ื•ืงืจื ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื•'.

ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช", ืฉืžืฉืžืฉ ืืช ื—ื–"ืœ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืื—ืจ4, ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”.
ื ืจืื”, ืฉืžืคืจืฉืช ื”ืžืœืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื•ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื•ืช.
ืœืฉื ืžื” ื–ืงื•ืง ื”ืžืœืš ืœืฉื ื™ ืกืคืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”?
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ืขืžื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื–ืงื•ืง ื”ืžืœืš ืœืฉืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื, ืืช ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื, ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ืื•ืชื ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืื™ืชื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ื—ื™ื™ ืขื•ืœื ื ื˜ืข ื‘ืชื•ื›ื™ื ื•" โ€“ ื–ื• ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”.
ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœืžืœืš ืฉื ื™ ืกืคืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”.
ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื’ื ื–ื™ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืžืœืš ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืžืœื•ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช.
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”.
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืฉืชื ื” โ€“ ื ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืฆื—ื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ืื™ื“ืืœื™ื ื ืฆื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื”ืžืœืžื“ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืงืจืื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื "ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช"? ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืฉื ื ื—ืœืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื โ€“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืื’ื“ื”, ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ืœ"ืชื•ืจื”" ื ืคืจื“ืช โ€“ ื™ืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืื—ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ืžื“ื•ืข ืœืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื› ื•ืœืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช?
ื ืจืื”, ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื–ื” ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉื ื ืื›ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื ื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”'.
ืžืงื•ืจ ืื—ื“ โ€“ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ, ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™ ื•ืขื‘ืจื”, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžืื‘ ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ืžืจื‘ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“.
ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื“ืขื™ื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืืœื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืžื ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”'.
ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื’ืž'5 ื“ื ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช โ€“ "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”":

ื"ืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžื ื™: ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”? ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื“): 'ืžื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™ื”ื', ื™ื’ื™ืฉ ืจืื™ื” ืืœื™ื”ื. ืžืชืงื™ืฃ ืœื” ืจื‘ ืืฉื™: ื”ื ืœืžื” ืœื™ ืงืจื? ืกื‘ืจื ื”ื•ื, ื“ื›ืื™ื‘ ืœื™ื” ื›ืื™ื‘ื ืื–ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื™ ืืกื™ื! (ืชืจื’ื•ื: ืžื™ ืฉื›ื•ืื‘ ืœื• โ€“ ืฉื™ืœืš ืœืจื•ืคื).

ืจ' ืืฉื™ ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœื•ืžื“ื• ืžืกื‘ืจื. ืกื‘ืจื ื–ื•, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื›ื•ืื‘ ืœื• ืฉื™ืœืš ืœืจื•ืคื, ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ื–ื”ื• ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื•ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื™ืŸ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ืขื” ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืคืกื•ืง, ืฉื›ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”'.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืจื•ื— ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื— ื–ื• ืžืงื•ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™, ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื• ื”ืžืกืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืžืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืืœื”.
ืขืจื›ื™ื ื›ืžื•: ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ื›ื“ื•', ื”ืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ืื™ื ื ืจืง ืคืจื™ืฆืช ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืขื•ืจื™ื. ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืขื•ืžืง ื—ื‘ื•ื™, ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืงืฉืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืงื•ืจื• ื”ืืœื•ืงื™.

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื—ื“, ื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘"ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘", ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ.
ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™, ื“ื‘ืง ื‘"ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”" โ€“ ืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœ"ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘", ืœืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ.
ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืจื” ืื—ืช, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ, ื•ืขื ื–ืืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ืื•ืชื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื”ื ื•ื˜ืข ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื–ื’ื ืœื›ืœืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืื—ืช โ€“ ื—ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืขืžื•ืงื™ื, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืœืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืžืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื”ืงื•ืจื ืืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ.


1 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™"ื–, ื™"ื— โ€“ ื›'.
2 ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›"ื ืข"ื‘.
3 ืฉื.
4 ืฉื‘ืช ืœ"ื ืข"ื, ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื™"ื’, ื˜"ื•.
5 ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ืž"ื• ืข"ื‘.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *