ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืขืฆืœ ืชืฉื›ื‘?

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื˜ืณ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื’
 
14/11/2002

ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืขืฆืœ ืชืฉื›ื‘?

ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืฉืœื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืœ1:

ืœืš ืืœ ื ืžืœื” ืขืฆืœ ืจืื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื” ื•ื—ื›ื. ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืงืฆื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ื•ืžืฉืœ. ืชื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืœื—ืžื” ืื’ืจื” ื‘ืงืฆื™ืจ ืžืื›ืœื”. ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืขืฆืœ ืชืฉื›ื‘ ืžืชื™ ืชืงื•ื ืžืฉื ืชืš. ืžืขื˜ ืฉื ื•ืช ืžืขื˜ ืชื ื•ืžื•ืช ืžืขื˜ ื—ื‘ืง ื™ื“ื™ื ืœืฉื›ื‘. ื•ื‘ื ื›ืžื”ืœืš ืจืืฉืš ื•ืžื—ืกืจืš ื›ืื™ืฉ ืžื’ืŸ.

ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื•.
ื. ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ืจืฉื•2:

ืžื” ืจืื” ืฉืœืžื” ืœืœืžื“ ืœืขืฆืœ ืžืŸ ื”ื ืžืœื”? ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืืžืจื™ ื”ื ืžืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœืฉื” ื‘ืชื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ื›ื•ื ืกืช ื‘ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื“ืœืฃ ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ื ื” ืืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™, ื•ืื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื” ืืœื ืฉืฉื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืžื” ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื” ืืœื ืฉืฉื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืžืื›ืœื” ืื™ื ื” ืืœื ื—ื˜ื” ื•ืžื—ืฆื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืฆื ื—ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืขื•ืจื™ืŸ ื•ืขื“ืฉื™ื. ืืžืจ ืจ' ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื” ืื™ื ื” ืืœื ื—ื˜ื” ื•ืžื—ืฆื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ื ืกืช ืืช ืืœื•, ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืฉืืžืจื” ืฉืžื ื™ื’ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ.

ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขื™ืกื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืžืœื” ื›ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืคื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฆืœื•ืช. ื”ืขืฆืœื•ืช ืžืชื’ื‘ืจืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืžืฉื™ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืžืจืคื” ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ืžื”ื ืžืœื” ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื’ื ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืš.
"ืจืื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื” ื•ื—ื›ื" โ€“ ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืœืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื”. ื—ื›ื ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืงื™ืข ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš. ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื”ื—ื›ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ ื•ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื–ื• ืžื ื•ื’ื“ืช ืœืขืฆืœื•ืช.

ื‘. ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ: "ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืงืฆื™ืŸ, ืฉื•ื˜ืจ ื•ืžื•ืฉืœ". ื”ื ืžืœื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืœื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจืช, ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืขืฆืžื”.
ืžื›ืืŸ ื ืœืžื“, ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืžื•ื ื— ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื—ื•ืคืฉ. ื”ื ืžืœื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ื™ ื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืชื•.
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื›ื, ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื ืžืœื” ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืงืฆื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืฉืœ. ืจืง ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ืœืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื”, ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืชืœื‘ืช ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื”. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื›ื, ืจืง ืœืœื ืžืกื’ืจืช, ืจืง ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ, ื™ืชืคืชื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื”. ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื›ื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช. ืจืง ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช โ€“ ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื—ื›ื.
ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืขืฆืžื•, ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืœืžื“ ืžื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข.
ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืจืื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื, ืืœื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืœื• ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืชื— ืื•ืชืŸ. ืื—ืช ืžื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ื ืžืœื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืช ืจื‘ื”, ื‘ืœื ืงืฆื™ืŸ, ืฉื•ื˜ืจ ื•ืžื•ืฉืœ.

ื’. "ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืขืฆืœ ืชืฉื›ื‘, ืžืชื™ ืชืงื•ื ืžืฉื ืชืš?". ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœ: "ืจืง ืจื’ืข, ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื", ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ืžืขื˜ ืฉื ื•ืช, ืžืขื˜ ืชื ื•ืžื•ืช, ืžืขื˜ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืง ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื›ื‘ โ€“ ื•ื‘ื ื›ืžื”ืœืš ืจืืฉืš ื•ืžื—ืกื•ืจืš ื›ืื™ืฉ ืžื’ืŸ". ื”ืขืฆืœื ื•ืช ื‘ืื” ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช. ืื“ื ืœื ื™ืฉืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืืš ื—ืžืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื ื•ื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื‘, ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ.
ืื“ื ืขืฆืœ ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื” ืกื“ืจื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ื™ื•ื ืœืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื™ืœื” ืœื™ื•ื. ืจืง ื‘ื›ืžื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืฆืœ โ€“ ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€“ ื–ื• ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฆืœื•ืช.
ืžืœื‘ื“ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื›ืืจื™, ืื• ืื“ื ืขื™ื™ืฃ, ืฉื›ืœ ื™ื•ืžื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช.
ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขืฆืœ ืœืงื•ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื โ€“ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžืœืžื“ ื”ืื ื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื•ืคื•ืขืœ, ืื• ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžื” ืœืงื•ื.
ืื“ื ื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ื ืŸ ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื• ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ื›ืืจื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ืขื ื” ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ื™: "ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื—ืžื•ืจ, ืœื ื™ืงื•ื ืืจื™ื”".
ืื“ื ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื– ื’ื ื›ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืžื—ืจืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœึฐืžื” ืœืงื•ื. ื”ืงื™ืžื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื”ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืช, ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื•.

ืืžืจ ืขืฆืœ ืืจื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืจืฆื—3.

ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื:

โ€ฆ ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฉืœ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืฆืœ ืžืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื”, ืฉืื ื™ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื—ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืชื•ืจื”, ื™ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ืืจื™, ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืคืจืฉ 'ืฉื•ื—ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืคื™ ื–ืจื•ืช', ืฉืžืชื™ืจื ืฉืœื ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืคื™ืจื”.

ืื“ื ืฉืžืคื—ื“ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคืŸ ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืคื™ืจื” โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืœ. ื™ืฉื ื• ื›ืืŸ ืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื ืžื–ื”ื” ื›ืขืฆืœื•ืช.
ืื“ื ื—ืจื•ืฅ, ื–ืจื™ื–, ืžืœื ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื, ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ื—ื•ืฅ. ื”ื•ื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขืžื• โ€“ ื•ืžื ืฆื—. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ืกื›ื ื”, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœืงืจืืชื”, ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขืžื”.
ื”"ืฉืคืช ืืžืช" ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ื•ื™ืฆื"4 ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”"ืง5:

ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื™ืจื“ ืœื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืžืงื•ื“ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ ื—ื–ืง ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืชืงืข ืฉื. ื›ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื•. ื›ื ื•ื“ืข ืฉืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื. ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื–' ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืื“ื. ื•ืื– ื”ืœืš ืœื—ืจืŸ. ื•ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื– ืชืœืš ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื›ื•'. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืžื•ืกืจ ืื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–' ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืจืง ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ืฉื™"ืช. ื ืงืจื ืื–. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื•ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ืœื™ ืคื—ื“.

ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ืฆื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืงืฉืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืœืงื‘"ื”. ืื“ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ื•ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช.
ืžื™ ืฉืžืคื—ื“ ืœืฆืืช โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืœ.
ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืื“ื ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ื–ื• ืขืฆืœื•ืช, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ, ื•ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืขืฆืœื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื›ื–ื”.

ื‘ืคืจืง ื›"ื• ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื6:

ืืžืจ ืขืฆืœ ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืจื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื“ืœืช ืชื™ืกื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืฆื™ืจื” ื•ืขืฆืœ ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ืชื•.

ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื’ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ, ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื: "ื”ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ?".
"ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื’ืฉืจ ืฆืจ ืžืื•ื“". ื•ื’ืฉืจ ืฆืจ ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ. ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื, ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ื”.
ื”ืขืฆืœ โ€“ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืคืชื— ืืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืกื›ื ื”.
ื”ื—ืจื•ืฅ โ€“ ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืกื›ื ื”, ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืง ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”.
ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ, ืœื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง, ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืœื ืœืงืคื™ืื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืจื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชืื‘ื ื•ืช.
ืื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืช, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืจ ื•ืœืœื‘ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ืฉืŸ, ื•ื–ื• ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆืœื•ืช.

ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™, ืžื“ืžื” ืืช ื”ืขืฆืœ ืœื“ืœืช ื”ืกื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฆื™ืจื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืœื‘ื“ ื™ื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื™ืฉื ื” ื’ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ื“ืœืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ื”, "ื”ื•ืœื›ืช" ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื, ืืš ืื™ื ื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช. ื’ื ื”ืขืฆืœ ืขื•ืฉื”, ืืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืœื•ื.
ื‘ืขื™ื” ื–ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™. ื”ืขืฆืœ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื˜ืชื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื“ืœืช ืื™ื ื ื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžื”ืฆื™ืจ, ืืš ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืคืขื™ืœ โ€“ ืื– ื’ื ื”ืขืฆืœ ืคืขื™ืœ โ€“ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ืชื•โ€ฆ
ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ โ€“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื“ื ืœื•ืžื“ ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืžื”ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ืžื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืื™ืชื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœืžื” ืฉืžืขืœื™ื ื•, ืœืงืฆื™ืŸ, ืฉื•ื˜ืจ ื•ืžื•ืฉืœ (ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื), ืฉืžืื™ืจื™ื ืœืื“ื ืขื•ืœื ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžื”ืฆื™ืจ ืืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ.

ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืง ืœืœื›ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื’ื ื”ื“ืœืช ื”ื•ืœื›ืชโ€ฆ ื”ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืช, ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ืœื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ.


1 ืžืฉืœื™ ื•', ื•' โ€“ ื™"ื.
2 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื”', ื‘'.
3 ืžืฉืœื™ ื›"ื‘, ื™"ื’.
4 ืฉื ืช ืชืจืœ"ื”.
5 ื—"ื, ืงื™"ื‘ ืข"ื‘.
6 ืžืฉืœื™ ื›"ื•, ื™"ื’ โ€“ ื™"ื“.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *