ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช?

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื‘ืณ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื’
 
07/11/2002

ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช?

ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฆื ืœื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืข "ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”" ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ื‘ืื—ื“ ืž"ืขืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ":
โ€“ ืื ื™ ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘, ื•ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื•: ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช?
โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื“ื, ื’ืœื’ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
โ€“ ื•ื”ื’ื” ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ?
โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ื™.
โ€“ ื‘ืœืžื™ื?
โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ.
โ€“ ื•ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ืจื›ื‘?
โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื.
โ€“ ื•ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื?
โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช.
โ€“ ื•ืื–ื ื™ื™ื?
โ€“ ืœืฉืžื•ืข.
โ€“ ื•ืคื”?
โ€“ ืœื“ื‘ืจ.
โ€“ ื•ืื“ื, ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ืื“ื?
โ€“ โ€ฆ
ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื‘ืื“ื ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื•ืžื˜ืจื”, ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ืจื”. ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื™ื‘ืจ ื•ืื™ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืช?!

ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•?
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื, ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื ืชื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื™ื, ืœื ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื–ื” (ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•') ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื”.
ืื•ืœื, ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื•. ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื‘ืื“ื. "ื•ื™ืคื— ื‘ืืคื™ื• ื ืฉืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืœื ืคืฉ ื—ื™ื”"1, ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื ืฉื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ืขืœื™ื ืžื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืฉื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.
ื›ืฉื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืฉืื•ืœ "ืœืžื” ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื", ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื”: "ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื• ื›ืืœื• ืœื ื‘ื ืœืขื•ืœื, ืžื” ืœืžืขืœื”, ืžื” ืœืžื˜ื”, ืžื” ืœืคื ื™ื, ื•ืžื” ืœืื—ื•ืจ"2, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” "ืœืžื” ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื“ื?"
ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช3:

ื”ื ื™ ื—ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื ืคืฉื™ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ ืืžืจืŸ ื“ื•ื“, ืœื ืืžืจืŸ ืืœื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉืžื”. ืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฃ ื ืฉืžื” ืžืœืื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืืฃ ื ืฉืžื” ืจื•ืื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ื ืจืื™ืช. ืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื–ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ืœื• ืืฃ ื ืฉืžื” ื–ื ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืืฃ ื ืฉืžื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”. ืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืืฃ ื ืฉืžื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ื. ื™ื‘ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื—ืžืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื™ืฉื‘ื— ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื—ืžืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.

ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”.
ืžืฉืœ ืœืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืชื ื” ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืกื”. ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”ื• ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื•ืžื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”. ื”ื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืคืก ืขืœ ืขืฆื™ ื”ืงื•ืงื•ืก ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ืื•ื”ืœ, ืืš ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื™ืคืกืคืกื•.
ื”ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืื“ื ืœืœื ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉื‘ื•, ืžืคืกืคืก ืืช ื›ืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื•, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ 120 ืฉื ื” ื•ืœื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื”, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.

ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืฉืืœื” "ืœืžื” ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื?", ืื• "ืœืžื” ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื“ื?". ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืืชื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
ื”ืื“ื ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข: "ื•ืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื”"4, "ื•ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ื“ื’ืช ื”ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืฃ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจืžืฉ ื”ืจื•ืžืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ"5.
ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: "ื•ื™ืฉืœื—ื”ื• ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืžื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ, ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ืืฉืจ ืœื•ืงื— ืžืฉื"6. ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื, ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื. ื›ืš ืžืฉืžืข ืžืคืฉื˜ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ื—ื•ื˜ื, ืื™ืœื• ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืจื’ ื•ื—ื•ืžืก, ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ, ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื•ืžืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื”'. ื”' ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฆื“ืง ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื•ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื–ื”ื• ื’ืŸ ื”ืขื“ืŸ.
ืืš ื”ืื“ื ืงืœืงืœ, ื•ืื›ืœ "ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข"7, ื•ื”ื ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืจืข ื”ืคื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืžื“ืจื’ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืื•ืชื• ืžื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ.
ื ื— ื”ืชืงื“ื, ื•ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ. ื–ื• ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”', ื•ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ โ€“ ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”, ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื”, ื›ื ื—.
ืืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจ โ€“ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื’ื”, ืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืชืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืื“ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจื ืื•ืชื• ื•ืฉืœื— ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื. ื›ืฉื”ืื“ื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื–ืืช โ€“ ืื– ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื•.
ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืื—ืช "ืžื›ืœ ืขืฅ ื”ื’ืŸ ืื›ืœ ืชืื›ืœ", ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืื—ืช, "ื•ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข ืœื ืชืื›ืœ ืžืžื ื•"8. ื–ื”ื• "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ืืš ื—ื˜ืื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืคื›ื• ื–ืืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš, ืœืจืž"ื— ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื•ืฉืก"ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื”, ืฉืจืžื•ื–ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘"ืœืขื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉืžืจื”".
ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื—ื–"ืœ9 ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ ืœื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืืจืฆื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”' ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ืคื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืžื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ื–ื• ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื ืคืœืื”.
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” "ืœืžื” ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื“ื" ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื, ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื•ืฉื ื‘ื• ื”ืื“ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•, ื‘ืฆืœื ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื•.


1 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘', ื–'.
2 ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืค"ื‘ ืž"ื.
3 ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™' ืข"ื.
4 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘' ื”'.
5 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื', ื›"ื•.
6 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื“', ื›"ื.
7 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘', ื™"ื–.
8 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘', ื˜"ื– โ€“ ื™"ื–.
9 ืื™ื›ื” ืจื‘ื”, ืคืชื™ื—ืชื ื“'.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *