ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื”ืžืฉืœ

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
01/03/1980

ื“ืจื›ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื”ื›ืœืœ: ื”ืžืฉืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื–ื• ืขืœ ื–ื•.

ืื—ืช ืžืœ"ื‘ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืœ. ื—ื–"ืœ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
ื ืขืžื•ื“ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื•, ื•ื™ืฉืžืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžืฉืœื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืกืคืจ ื–ื”.
ื”ืžืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื: ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื–ื• ืขืœ ื–ื•. ื›ื— ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื”, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉ ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœืŸ ืฉื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ื— ื–ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื—ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืฉื’ืชื ื•, ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœ ื“ืจื›ื• ืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžื”ืฉื’ืชื ื•.
ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื”. ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื: "ื”ืื“ื ืขื•ืœื ืงื˜ืŸ"1. ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื. ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœื ื• โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื, ืคื•ืขืœืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
"ืึธื“ึธื ืึทืชึผึถื" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœ"ื“, ืœ"ื), ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจืืฉ ื•ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื’ื“ืœื•ืช ืขื“ "ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืกึผึตื ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึธื“ึธื ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืžึดืœึฐืžึธืขึฐืœึธื”" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื', ื›"ื•) โ€“ ืืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื2.
ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื. ื ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ (ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื“ื, ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื ื™ื™ื ื, ื'):

ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ื ืฉืžืชื• ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ื“ืžื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื•, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ "ื ืขืฉื” ืื“ื ื‘ืฆืœืžื ื• ื›ื“ืžื•ืชื ื•", ื”ืฆืœื ื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ื ืฉืžื”, ื•ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื ื’ืœื” ื•ืขืœื™ื• ื ืืžืจ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื™ื˜, ื›ื•) "ื•ืžื‘ืฉืจื™ ืื—ื–ื” ืืœื•ื”", ื•ื”ืฆืœื ืกื•ื“ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื ืกืชืจ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ "ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกื ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื, ื›ื•), ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืกื•ื“ ืื“ื ืงื“ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื ืขืœื ืื™ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ืชืคืืจืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืžื“, ื™ื’) "ื›ืชืคืืจืช ืื“ื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช", ื›ื™ ืฉื ื ืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืฉืฉ ืงืฆื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืžืชืื—ื“ ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื ืขืœืโ€ฆ ื”ืจื™ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฆืœื ื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื, ืขื“ ืฉื˜ืขื• ื‘ื• ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ื•ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืื“ื "ื‘ื•ืื• ื•ื ืฉืชื—ื•ื” ื•ื ื›ืจืขื” ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•", ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ. ื•ืื™ืชื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ื‘ืจ"ืจ ื—, ื™), "ื•ื™ืคืœ ื”' ืชืจื“ืžื”", ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ืจื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื• ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ื•ื‘ืงืฉื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืงื“ื•ืฉ, ืžืฉืœ ืœืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžืœืš ื•ืืคืจื›ื•ืก ื›ื•'โ€ฆ

ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ืงื™ื, ื•ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื.
ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื• ืืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื, ืžื‘ื ื”ื• ื•ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื ื• ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื’ื” ื‘ื”ื ืœืœื ื”ืžืฉืœ. ื”ืžืฉืœ ืžืงืจื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ืืœ ื”ืกื•ื“, ืืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžื”ืฉื’ืชื ื• ืœืœื ื”ืžืฉืœ.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘ืžืฉืœ โ€“ ืžื“ื•ืข ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ืžืฉืœ ืืœ ื”ื ืžืฉืœ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื–ื”ื”.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืœ ืœื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ, ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ืกืจ ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ืžืฉืœ. ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘, ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื•ื ืขืžื•ืง ื•ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื”ืฉื’ืชื ื•, ื•ืœืœื ื”ืžืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืžื ื•.


1 ืขื™' ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืคืงื•ื“ื™, ื’'. ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ืช ื›"ื•, ืœ', ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืžื•ืจื” ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื—"ื ืคืจืง ืข"ื‘, ื•ื‘ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืงืคืื— ืฉื, ื”ืขืจื” 72.
2 ืขืฉืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงื•ืžืช ืื“ื. ืขื™' ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืืžืจืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœืคื™ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *