ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื” โ€“ ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืณ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
09/01/1980

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชืจื™"ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช

ื”ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

 

ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืขืœ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื• ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืชืžื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ "ื•ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื—ื™ื• ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆืง ืขืœ ืจืืฉื• ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”". ื•ืžืžื ื• ื™ืžืฉื—ื• ืงืฆืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฉื— ื‘ื• ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ื•, ืœื ื™ืžืฉื—ื• ื‘ื• ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ืื•ืจ ืืžืจื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉื™ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืืœื•, ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ืงื“ืฉื• ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื, ืืžืจ ื™ืชืขืœื” ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉืžื• "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื›ื". ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจื• ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืคืจืง ืงืžื ืžื›ืจื™ืชื•ืช.

ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฆื•ื”
ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• โ€“ ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืขืœ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ืงึทื— ืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืžึดื™ื ืจึนืืฉื", ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ', ื›"ื‘ ื•ืื™ืœืš. ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืชืžื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›"ื, ื™'): "ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืžึตืึถื—ึธื™ื• ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ื•ึผืฆึทืง ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืื•ึน ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื—ึธื”". ื•ืžืžื ื• โ€“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืžืฉื—ื• ื’ื ืงืฆืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื โ€“ ืจืง ืžืœื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื—ื™ืŸ ืžืœืš ื‘ืŸ ืžืœืš ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื ื—ืœืงื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• โ€“ ื•ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ืงืืคื— ื•ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ืคืจื ืงืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื• ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“", ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื’ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื‘ืืจ (ื›ืจื™ืชื•ืช ื”' ืข"ื‘). ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฉื— ื‘ื• ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ื• โ€“ ืืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”, ืฉืžืฉื™ื—ืชืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉืชืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ืžืฉื—ื• ื‘ื• ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ืื•ืจ ืืžืจื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ (ื ืฉื, ืž"ื“), ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื–', ื'): "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืฉืึธื—ึตื ื•ึทื™ึฐืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ืึนืชึธื", ืฉื‘ืžืฉื™ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืืœื•, ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื— ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื•ืงื“ืฉื• ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืŸ ืžื—ื ื›ืชืŸ. ืืžืจ ื™ืชืขืœื” ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉืžื• (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ', ืœ"ื): "ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐื—ึทืช ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื–ึถื” ืœึดื™ ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื" โ€“ ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ. ื•ืžืฉื” ืขืฉื” ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืฉืืจ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื›ื", ืขืœ ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจื• ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืคืจืง ืงืžื ืžื›ืจื™ืชื•ืช.

ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:

ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืขืœ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื• ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืชืžื ื”โ€ฆ ืืžืจ ื™ืชืขืœื” ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉืžื• "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื›ื".

ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื•ื›ืชื‘ (ื‘ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื):

ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื”"1.

ื•ื‘ืจืžื–ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืจื™ืฉ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืชื‘:

ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”.

ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืค"ื ื”"ื:

ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ".

ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ื•ื”ืชืืžืชื ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื ืืžืจื•.

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื
ืคืกื•ืงื™ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ', ื›"ื‘-ืœ"ื):

ื•ึทื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื”' ืึถืœ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืœึผึตืืžึนืจ. ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ืงึทื— ืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืžึดื™ื ืจึนืืฉื ืžึธืจ ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื—ึฒืžึตืฉื ืžึตืื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืงึดื ึผึฐืžึธืŸ ื‘ึผึถืฉื‚ึถื ืžึทื—ึฒืฆึดื™ืชื•ึน ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึธืืชึธื™ึดื ื•ึผืงึฐื ึตื” ื‘ึนืฉื‚ึถื ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึธืืชึธื™ึดื. ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึธื” ื—ึฒืžึตืฉื ืžึตืื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึถืงึถืœ ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื ื•ึฐืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ื–ึทื™ึดืช ื”ึดื™ืŸ. ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืึนืชื•ึน ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐื—ึทืช ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ืจึนืงึทื— ืžึดืจึฐืงึทื—ึทืช ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืจึนืงึตื—ึท ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐื—ึทืช ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื”. ื•ึผืžึธืฉืึทื—ึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ื•ึน ืึถืช ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“ ื•ึฐืึตืช ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช. ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึปืœึฐื—ึธืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึตืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึฐื ึนืจึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึตืœึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐืึตืช ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึทื— ื”ึทืงึผึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช. ื•ึฐืึถืช ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึทื— ื”ึธืขึนืœึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึตืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดื™ึผึนืจ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึทื ึผื•ึน. ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึธ ืึนืชึธื ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ืงึธื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื ึผึนื’ึตืขึท ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื ื™ึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื. ื•ึฐืึถืช ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืชึผึดืžึฐืฉืึธื— ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึธ ืึนืชึธื ืœึฐื›ึทื”ึตืŸ ืœึดื™. ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืชึผึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐื—ึทืช ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื–ึถื” ืœึดื™ ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื.

ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”: "ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืึนืชื• ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ", ื•ืžื›ืืŸ "ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”".
ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”: "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื”", ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ืจืชื™ื›ื", ื•ืžื›ืืŸ "ืฉืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ".
ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”: "ื•ืžืฉื—ืช ื‘ื•โ€ฆ", ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ืืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ืชืžืฉื—", ื•ืžื›ืืŸ "ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื".
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื“ืจื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื‘ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืชื” ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื ืืžืจื”.

"ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”"
ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืžืฉืจืฉื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:

ื”ืฉืจืฉ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ื•ืช. ื“ืข ื›ื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื‘ืื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื•ืชื ื”ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืื™ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืชื™ืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื”ื™ืโ€ฆ ื•ื›ืŸ "ืงื— ืœืš ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืจืืฉ" ืœื ื™ื™ืžื ื”, ื•ืืžื ื ื™ื™ืžื ื” ื”ืฆื•ื•ื™ ืฉืฆื•ื” ืฉื ืžืฉื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” "ืงื ืืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื":

ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ืงื“ืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื“ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ืกื•ืชืจื™ืŸ ืืœื• ืœืืœื•, ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ืœืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™"ื“ ื‘ืค"ื ืžื”ืœ' ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื–"ืœ, ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉื™ื”ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ"โ€ฆ ื•ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืœื–ื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืœื” ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืชื™ืงื•ื ื” ืžื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื•, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื•ืœ ืขื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืงื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื–ื›ืจื ื• ื”ื ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืœื ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื”ืŸ.

ื ืจืื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืœื ื‘ื ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืืœื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช. ืื•ืชื ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืžื ื”. ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ืฉืชื›ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื• ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื, ื•ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื” ืชื—ืฉื‘. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื”ื™ื "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”". ื›ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ื”ื™ื ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื›ืœื™ื.
ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื–ื”ืจ (ื—"ื’ ืง"ื˜ ืข"ื):

ืคืงื•ื“ื ื—ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”.

ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืจืง ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ, ื‘ืื” ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”", ืฉื”ืจื™ ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื ืื™ื ื• ืกืคืจ ื”ืœื›ื”.

ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื”ื”ื“ื•ืง ืฉืœื” ืœืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ืฆื˜ื•ื” ืžืฉื” ื‘ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•2.
ืื›ืŸ, ืจืง ืžืฉื” ืขืฉื” ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื•ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืฉืžืŸ ืื—ืจ, ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœ' ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืค"ื ื”"ื”):

ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืžืŸ ืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”.

ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ื›ืจื™ืชื•ืช ืค"ื ืž"ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ืืžืจ:

ื•ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืžืžื ื• ื›ืœืœ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ื•ืœืช ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”, ืœืืžืจื• ื™ืชืขืœื” "ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™", ื›ืš ื‘ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”3.

ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื”ืœื›ื” (ืฉื):

ื”ืกืš ืžืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืžื–ื™ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืจืช, ื•ื‘ืฉื•ื’ื’ ืžื‘ื™ื ื—ื˜ืืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ืชืŸ ืžืžื ื• ืขืœ ื–ืจ ื•ื ื›ืจืช ืžืขืžื™ื•", ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืžืžื ื•", ืžื–ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™".

ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื™ืœืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™, ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•.
ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ื, ืืคื•ื, ืืช ื›ื—ื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžืฉื”.
ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืคืจืง ื' ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื›ืš:

ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ"4. ื•ื›ื›ื” ืขืฉื”ื• ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจโ€ฆ ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืžืŸ ืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”.

ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœืื• ืฉืืžืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” (ื”ืœ' ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืค"ื ื”"ื“):

ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื›ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื–ื” ื•ื›ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืœื ื’ืจืข, ื‘ืžื–ื™ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืจืช, ื‘ืฉื•ื’ื’ ืžื‘ื™ื ื—ื˜ืืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืืฉืจ ื™ืจืงื— ื›ืžื•ื”ื• ื•ื ื›ืจืช ืžืขืžื™ื•", ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ืžืฉื— ื‘ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืขืฉื”ื• ืœื”ืชืœืžื“ ืื• ืœื™ืชื ื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจ.

ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ืกืš ืžืฉืžืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืฉื™ื—ืชื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœื ืขืฉื”ื• ืžืฉื”. ืขืฆื ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืืกื•ืจื”, ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื“ื‘"ื– (ืฉื):

ื ืžืฆืืช ืœืžื“ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืจืช ืืœื ืœืžืคื˜ื ืฉืžืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื•ืš ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื•, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ืกืš ืžืžื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืฉืขืช ืขืฉื™ื”, ื•ืื ืžืกืจื• ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืกืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืžืžื ื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”.

ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ ืจื“ื‘"ื– ื”ืœื›ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœ' ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืค"ื“ ื”ื™"ื‘:

ื•ืžืžื ื™ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ื•ืžื•ืฉื—ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”, ื•ืžืœื‘ื™ืฉื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื—ื™ื• ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆืง ื•ื’ื•'", ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืžืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆืง ืขืœ ืจืืฉื• ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื•ืžืœื ืืช ื™ื“ื• ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื", ื›ืฉื ืฉืžืชืจื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื›ืš ืžืชืจื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืจื“ื‘"ื–:

ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื›ื•'. ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืœืžืขืœื” (ืค"ื ื”"ื) ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื• ืืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื›ื‘.

ื”ืคืœื™ื’ ื”ืจื“ื‘"ื– ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉืขื™ืงืจื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืงื™ื•ืžื•, ืืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ื•. ืืฃ ืฉืกื™ื•ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืขื›ื‘, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ื”ื•ื ืœืžืฉื•ื—, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ: "ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื•'", ื”ืจื™ ืฉื–ื• ื”ืžืฆื•ื”.
ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•.

ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื”
ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื "ืœืขืฉื•ืช", ืฉื›ืŸ ืขืฉื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ.
ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื• ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ"ื’, ื“'):

ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืžื•ึนืจึธืฉืึธื” ืงึฐื”ึดืœึผึทืช ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘.

ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืชืจื™"ื’ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจื• ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™ (ืžื›ื•ืช ื›"ื’ ืข"ื‘). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื•ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ', ืœ"ื):

ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืชึผึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐื—ึทืช ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื–ึถื” ืœึดื™ ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื.

ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื "ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช". ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•, ื•ืื ื• ืžืฆึปื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืฉืžืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• "ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื• ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืชืžื ื” ื•ื›ื•'".
ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืœื•ืœื” ื’ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื–ื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืœืžืฉื™ื—ื”.
ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” (ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื” ืœืขื™ืœ) ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืชืจื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืฆื˜ื•ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฉื™ื—ื” ืืœื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื™ื, ืืคื•ื, ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืžืฆื•ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจื” ืœืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•. ืื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืฉืžืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” "ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ืจืชื™ื›ื".
ืžื›ืืŸ ื‘ื ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ', ืœ"ื‘-ืœ"ื’):

ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึทืจ ืึธื“ึธื ืœึนื ื™ึดื™ืกึธืšึฐ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืชึฐื›ึผึปื ึฐืชึผื•ึน ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืžึนื”ื•ึผ ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ื•ึผื ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื.
ืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดืจึฐืงึทื— ื›ึผึธืžึนื”ื•ึผ ื•ึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดืชึผึตืŸ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื–ึธืจ ื•ึฐื ึดื›ึฐืจึทืช ืžึตืขึทืžึผึธื™ื•.

"ืžืžื ื•" โ€“ ืžืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”. ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื• ืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืฆื˜ื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ืœืื• ืœืกื•ืš ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื.

ืœืžืฉื•ื—
ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:

ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื”".

ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื–ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื ื ืืžืจื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื—ื” ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžืŸ. ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื›ืš ื“ืงื“ืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื›ืชื•ื‘:

ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฉื•ื— ื‘ื•.

ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืžืฆื•ื” "ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ืจืชื™ื›ื" ื›ืœื•ืœื” ื’ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžืฉื•ื—, ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ.
ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืฉื ื—ืชื™ื ืŸ ืœืžื ื™ื™ื ื ื ืงื˜ื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™:
ื•ื›ืŸ "ืงื— ืœืš ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืจืืฉ" โ€“ ืœื ื™ื™ืžื ื”, ื•ืืžื ื ื™ื™ืžื ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืฆื•ื” ืฉื ืžืฉื— ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ.


 

 

1 ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ืœืช "ื–ื”" ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื“ื‘ืจ ืœืืžืจ ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœื™ ืœื“ืจืชื™ื›ื", ื•ืœื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืฉืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื”", ืฉื›ืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ืžืฉื—ืช ื‘ื•", ืืฃ ืฉื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœืžืฉื•ื—, ืฉื›ืŸ ื’ื ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื”, ื•ื›ืŸ "ื•ืืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ืชืžืฉื—", ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืœื ื”ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื›ืŸ ื ืงื˜ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
2 ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื ืืžืจ "ื•ืืชื” ืงื— ืœืš", ืœื ื›ืงื˜ืจืช ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”: "ืงื— ืœืš", ื•ืœื ื›ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื•: "ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืืœื™ืš".
3 ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช (ื™"ื ืข"ื‘) "ื›ื•ืœื• ืงื™ื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื", ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ื‘ื ืฆื•ืฆื™ ืื•ืจ ืฉืžื™ื•ืกื“ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ื•ื™ืงืจื ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื‘', ื‘': "ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืœื™' ืื™ื ื• ื–ื– ืœืขื•ืœื", ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืงืข"ื•.
4 ื–ื” ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•.

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *