ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื• โ€“ ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืณ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
09/01/1980

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชืจื™"ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช
ยซ  
  ยป

ื”ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

 

ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ื™ื“ ื”ื›ืœ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื™ื—ื“, ื–ื•ืœืชื™ ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื” ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืžื”ื ืžืงืจื™ื‘. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืš ื—ืœืง ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ื™ื“ ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื”. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืืžืจื• "ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื ื”ืœื•ื™ ื•ื’ื•' ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•, ื•ืฉืจืช ื‘ืฉื ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื•, ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื™ืื›ืœื•". ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ "ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ "ื‘ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืจื™ืš", ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ื ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืจ ืื—ื“, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืฉืœืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืจื’ืœ, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช", ืžื” ืžื›ืจื• ืื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ืืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืชืš ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืกื›ืžืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื“ื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก: ื‘ืจ ืžืžื˜ืจืชื ื“ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื ื“ื›ืŸ ืืชืงื™ื ื• ืื‘ื”ืชื. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืจื• ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ืžืจื ืกื•ื›ื”.

ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฆื•ื”
ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• โ€“ ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ ื”ื›ืœ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื™ื—ื“ โ€“ ืฉืœื ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื›ืกื“ืจ, ื–ื•ืœืชื™ ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืžื”ื โ€“ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช โ€“ ืžืงืจื™ื‘. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื (ื' ื›"ื“, ื’') ืื™ืš ื—ืœืง ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจืช, ื•ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” (ื "ื” ืข"ื‘) ืฉื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ื™ื“ ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื”.
ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืืžืจื• (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™"ื—, ื•'-ื—'): "ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึธื‘ึนื ื”ึทืœึผึตื•ึดื™ ืžึตืึทื—ึทื“ ืฉืึฐืขึธืจึถื™ืšึธ ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึผื ื’ึผึธืจ ืฉืึธื ื•ึผื‘ึธื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืึทื•ึผึทืช ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึน ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดื‘ึฐื—ึทืจ ื”'. ื•ึฐืฉืึตืจึตืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึธื™ื• ื›ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืึถื—ึธื™ื• ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื ื”ึธืขึนืžึฐื“ึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”'. ื—ึตืœึถืง ื›ึผึฐื—ึตืœึถืง ื™ึนืื›ึตืœื•ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ ืžึดืžึฐื›ึผึธืจึธื™ื• ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธื‘ื•ึนืช", ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื, ื›"ื”): "ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืชืžื™ื“, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ "ื‘ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืจื™ืš", ื•ื“ืจืฉื•: ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ื ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืจ ืื—ื“, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืฉืœืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืฉืขื•ืœื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืจื’ืœ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื’ืœ, ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืจื’ืœ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื ื“ื‘ื•ืช, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช", ืžื” ืžื›ืจื• ืื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ืื™ื–ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืขืฉื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช, ืืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืชืš ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืกื›ืžืชื ืฉื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื“ื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื™ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช": ื‘ืจ ืžืžื˜ืจืชื โ€“ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžืฉืžืจืช โ€“ ื“ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื โ€“ ืฉื‘ืื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ื“ื›ืŸ ืืชืงื™ื ื• ืื‘ื”ืชื โ€“ ืฉื›ืŸ ืชื™ืงื ื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืจื• ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ืžืจื ืกื•ื›ื”.

ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช:

ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ื™ื“ ื”ื›ืœ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื™ื—ื“, ื–ื•ืœืชื™ ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื” ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืžื”ื ืžืงืจื™ื‘. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืš ื—ืœืง ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ื™ื“ ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื”. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืืžืจื• "ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื ื”ืœื•ื™ ื•ื’ื•' ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•, ื•ืฉืจืช ื‘ืฉื ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื•, ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื™ืื›ืœื•". ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ "ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ "ื‘ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืจื™ืš", ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ื ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืจ ืื—ื“, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืฉืœืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืจื’ืœ, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช", ืžื” ืžื›ืจื• ืื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ืืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืชืš ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืกื›ืžืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื“ื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก: ื‘ืจ ืžืžื˜ืจืชื ื“ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื ื“ื›ืŸ ืืชืงื™ื ื• ืื‘ื”ืชื.

ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื• (ื”ืœ' ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืค"ื“ ื”ืœ' ื’'-ื”'):

ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืืœืขื–ืจ ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืื™ืชืžืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื—ืœืงื ื”ื•ื ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืžืฉืžืจโ€ฆ
ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ ื•ืจืฆื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืžื”ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœืš ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืžืฉืžืจืš ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื ื”ืœื•ื™ ืžืื—ื“ ืฉืขืจื™ืš ื•ื’ื•'".
ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืœื—ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฉืชื™ ื”ืœื—ื ืฉืœ ืขืฆืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืืœื ืžืฉืžืจ ืฉื–ืžื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื™ืื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ "ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื™ืื›ืœื•", ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืœืงื• ืื•ืชื ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืงื‘ืขื•ื ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจ ื•ืžืฉืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•.

ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื›ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื”, ืฉื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื” ื‘ืจื’ืœ.

ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื—ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื”"ืกืชื™ืจื”" ื’ื ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื™ืฉ ื”ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื”, ื”ืœื ื”ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืงื“ืžืชื• ืœืกืคืจื•1.
ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘:

ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืื—ื“, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื ื”ืœื•ื™ ื•ื’ื•' ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช".

ื•ื‘ืจืžื–ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืจื™ืฉ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ื›ืชื‘:

ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื.

ื”ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืจืžื–ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืจื™ืฉ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืœืฉื•ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช.

ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœ"ื‘, "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•", ื‘ืืจื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื”.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžืฆื•ืช "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•" ื”ื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืชื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืœื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช.
ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžืฆื•ืช "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•" ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื ืชื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ.
ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื•.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ืœื™ื™ืขื“ื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ. ืจืง ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• "ืฉืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช" ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื. ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื ืขืฉื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืžืจืช ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื "ืืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืชืš".
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืื” ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืื—ืจ ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื™ื—ืชื•. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘"ืžื™ื ื•ื™" ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” "ืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช", ื•ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื” ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ื”ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ื™ื“ ื”ื›ืœ ืฉื•ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžืฆื•ืช "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•" ืืช ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื›ื ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช.
ื—ืœืง ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื.
ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืงื“ืงื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœ"ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•" ื•ืœื”ื›ื ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื.
ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืจื™ืฉ ืค"ื“ ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• (ื”ืœ' ื'-ื”'):

ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื•ื‘ื“ืœื• ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื™ื‘ื“ืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ืงื“ืฉ ืงื“ืฉื™ื", ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ืœืงื“ืฉื ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ื ื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื• ื›ื™ ืืช ืœื—ื ืืœื”ื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืงืจื™ื‘".
ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื ื” ื™ืคื” ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืืœืขื–ืจ ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืื™ืชืžืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื—ืœืงื ื”ื•ื ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืžืฉืžืจ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจ ื•ืžืฉืžืจ ืจืืฉ ืื—ื“ ืžืžื•ื ื”, ื•ืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืจ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืŸ ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ืŸ, ืžืฉืžืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื•ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ื ื›ื ืก, ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ืžืจื• ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ืŸ ื—ืœื™ืœื”.
ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ ื•ืจืฆื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืžื”ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœืš ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืžืฉืžืจืš ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื ื”ืœื•ื™ ืžืื—ื“ ืฉืขืจื™ืš ื•ื’ื•'".
ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืœื—ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฉืชื™ ื”ืœื—ื ืฉืœ ืขืฆืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืืœื ืžืฉืžืจ ืฉื–ืžื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื™ืื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ "ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื™ืื›ืœื•" ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืœืงื• ืื•ืชื ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืงื‘ืขื•ื ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจ ื•ืžืฉืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•.

ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืืคื•ื, ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ื™ื "ืฉืฆื•ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช", ื•ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ื™ื "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื".

ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ "ืงืจื™ืช ืกืคืจ". ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœ' ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ืค"ื“2:

ืžืฆื•ืช ืง"ื™ ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื• ื›ื™ ืืช ืœื—ื ืืœื”ื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืงืจื™ื‘", ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ื™ื‘ื“ืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ืงื“ืฉ ืงื“ืฉื™ื". ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืžื ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•", ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื”. ื•ืžืชื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืžืฉืžืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื•ืžืฉืžืจ ื ื›ื ืก, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ืœื‘ื“ ืžืžื›ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช".
ืžืฆื•ืช ืงื™"ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื—ื•ืœืง ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ืœื•ื™ ืžืื—ื“ ืฉืขืจื™ืš ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื• ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืฉืจืช ื•ื’ื•'".

ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฆื ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ืช "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•", ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืฆื•ื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื.

 

 

1 ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืชื• ืœืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™"ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”: "ื•ื–ื” ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื•ืงื“ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžืืžืจ (ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช)". ื”ืจื™"ืค ืคืจืœื (ื—"ื, ืฉืข"ื— ืข"ื‘) ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื•, ืขื™ื™"ืฉ. ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืืจื™ื›ื• ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืขื™' ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืงื“ืฉื™ื ืกื™' ื›"ื‘ ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื™"ื‘-ื™"ื–, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœ"ื• ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.
2 ื’ื ื”ืกืž"ื’ ืฉื“ืจื›ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื™ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืฆื•ื” ืง"ืข (ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื˜"ืก ื”ื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืงืข"ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช "ื•ืงื“ืฉืชื•" ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื›ืœืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืง"ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืชืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื•ืช), ื•ืžืฆื•ื” ืงืข"ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื.

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *