ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื ื–ื™ืจ ืž"ื• (ืข"ื) โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื”ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
18/07/1980

ื ื–ื™ืจ ืž"ื• (ืข"ื):

ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืื—ืจ ื™ืฉืชื” ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืžืื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื™ื”ื• ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื›ื ื•ืื—ืจ ื™ืฉืชื” ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื ืื—ืจ ื”ืชื’ืœื—ื• ืืช ื ื–ืจื• ืžื” ื”ืชื ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืžื ืขื“ ื“ืื™ื›ื ืชืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื”ื• ืื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืœืžื” ืœื™.

ื ื—ืœืงื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ื‘"ืจ ืž"ื“ ื”'):

ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืŸ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ืชืจื•ื™ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืžืจื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืŸ ืืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืกืžื•ืš ืื—ืจ ืžื•ืคืœื’ ื•ืจ' ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืื—ืจ ืกืžื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืคืœื’ ืื—ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืจื”ื•ืจื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืžื™ ื”ืจื”ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืจื”ืจ ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืจื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ื›ืจืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ื ื— ืฉืื™ื ืš ืžื›ืœื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื•ืกื™ื’ืœืชื™ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื• ื•ื“ื—ืชื” ื‘ืจื™ืชื™ ืœื‘ืจื™ืชื• ืชืืžืจ ืฉืื—ืจ ืขื•ืžื“ ื•ืžืกื’ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื™ ื•ืชื“ื—ื” ื‘ืจื™ืชื• ืœื‘ืจื™ืชื™ ื"ืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื ื— ืœื ื”ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืžืžืš ืื ื™ ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืืœื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ืš ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื ืจืขื™ื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฆื“ื™ืง ืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื•ืžื›ืจื™ืขื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืžื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื™ ื ื•ื˜ืœื• ื•ืžื›ืคืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื1.

ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืกืžื•ืš ืื• ืžื•ืคืœื’.
ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืกืžื•ืš ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคืœื’.
ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื™"ืœ, ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืœืฉืจืฉ "ืื—ืจ". ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืื‘ืจื‘ื ืืœ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›', ื’'-ื•').
ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืฉืฉืชื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืจืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช.

ื›ืžื•: "ืžืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื ืฉืฃ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื”, ื™ื), "ื•ืœื ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืขืจ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื“, ื™ื˜). ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” "ืืœื”ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื" ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื›ืคื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉืชื•ืคื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ืื ืžื”ืื—ื“ โ€“ ืืœื”ื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ื ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฉื™ื. ื•ืื ืžื”ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ืืœื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืื—ื•ืจื™ื ืœืืœื•ื” ื”ืืžืชื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืืžืชื™ื™ื. ื•ืื ืžื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ โ€“ ืืœื”ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืืœื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืงื“ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื ื‘ืจืื™ื ืžืžื ื™.

ื ืจืื” ืฉืื "ืื—ืจ" ื”ื•ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ "ืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ืคื ื™ื", ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืกืžื•ืš ื•ืงืฉื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืื—ื•ืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.
ืื ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคืœื’ ื•ืžื—ื•ืœืง. ื”ืคืœื’ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ืช ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ืคืœื’ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื” ื•ืžื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื”. ืžื•ืคืœื’ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืคืœื•ื’ืชื ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืืช ื ื™ืชื•ืง (ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื "ื•ื™ืงื— ืงืจื—" โ€“ "ื•ืืชืคืœื’ ืงืจื—").
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื "ืื—ืจ" "ืื—ืจ" ืœื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”. ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืื—ืจ", ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืงืฉืจ ื•ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืœื™ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืงืฉืจ ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื.
ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืืคื•ื, ืฉื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” "ืื—ืจ" "ืื—ืจ" ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉืืœื”:

โ€ฆืื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืœืžื” ืœื™.

ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ "ืื—ืจ" ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™, ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืงืฉืจ.
ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื ื–ื™ืจ ื•ืœื—ื–ืจืชื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ.
ืœืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืขืฆืžื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืคืœื’ ืžืŸ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ. ื™ืฉ ืืคื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœื ื•ืืจื•ืš ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื—ึทืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื—ึตืจ. ื–ื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืื—ืจืช ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื.
ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื—ื–ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืืจื•ืš ื•ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื.


1 ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื‘"ืจ ืž"ื“ ื›' "ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื"ืจ ืื—ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื›ืืŸ ืืœื ืื—ืจื™ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขืฉืจ ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ืœืื—"ื› ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ". ื•ืืกืชืจ ื”' ื‘' "ืื—ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื›ืฉืš ื—ืžืช ื”ืžืœืš ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ื"ืจ ืื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ ื–ืžืจื ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืื—ืจ ืกืžื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืคืœื’".

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *