ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืข' (ืข"ื‘) โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื”ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
18/07/1980

ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืข' (ืข"ื‘):

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ื• ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื ืœื•ื” ื”ื’ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื ืกืคื—ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื›ื ื•ื ืกืคื—ื• ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื ืœืฉืืช ื•ืœืกืคื—ืช.

ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื" ื•"ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื" ื”ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืจื’ืœืช ืœื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”.
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช "ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช".
ืกืคื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืคืช1 ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช. ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื“ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื–ื” ื•ื ื—ืœืงื• ืื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื2 ืื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื ืœื’ืจื™ื3. ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืคื“ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™4 ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืื™ื. ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื•ื”ืงืคื“ืชื ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืœื”ื. ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื”ื™ื ื›ืื“ื ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืจืฉืจื•ืฉ ืขืœื”. ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžืื•ื™ื ื•ืžื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ื”ืงืคื“ื”. ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช". ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืœื”ื ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืชืžื“ืช.
ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ืงื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™' ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืืžืฆืข ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืชืžืฆื™ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช.
ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื”ื™ื "ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช". ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืืฃ ื”ื ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ืงื• ืฉืžืืœ ื•ืืคื™' ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืžืฆืข ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœ.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื "ืžืื•ื–ื ืช" ืืœื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืื ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืื• ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™. ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืืจืช5.
ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื‘ื ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืื—ื–ื• ืืฃ ื”ื ื‘ืงื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ื‘"ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ".
ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืืจืช6. ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื• ืœืžื“ื• ืขืœ ื”"ืกืคื—ืช" ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžืชืืจ ื‘ื—ื™' ืฉืœ ืงืฆื” ื•ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื ืžืื•ื–ื ืช.
ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืงื ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื‘ื—"ื‘ ื“ืฃ ืงืฆ"ื‘7 ื“ืจืฉื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื–ื” ืฉืœ "ื›ืกืคื—ืช" ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจื• ื•ื”ื–ื™ืงื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื ื’ืข ื”ืฆืจืขืช.
ืืฃ ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ืขืชื™ื“ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืชืงืŸ. ื›ืš ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื” ื—"ื‘ ืื’' ืชืงื "ื” ืขืž' ืงืค"ื—:

โ€ฆ ื•ืžืคื ื™-ื›ืš ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืœืงืจื‘ ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉืงืจื‘ ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื–ื” ื’ืจื ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช-ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืกื•ืฃ-ื›ืœ-ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืชืขืœื• ื’ื ื”ื, ื›ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื” "ื™ืชืŸ ืœืš ื›ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื›ืœ ืขืฆืชืš ื™ืžืœื"โ€ฆ

ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ื•ื™ืชืขืœื•. ืืœื ืžืฆื“ ืฉื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืขืฆืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื” ืชืชืงื™ื™ื. ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืขืชื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืœื”ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืืžืฆืข ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืžื™ื“ืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื: ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื—ื–ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื›ืฆืจืขืช.


 

1 ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ (ื ืฆื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคืจืง ืœ"ื‘): "ื•ืืœ ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืš, ืฉืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืื™ื ื•, ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื—ื•ืœืฅ (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืžื– ืข"ื‘) ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ื•, ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื™ื“, ื) "ื•ื ืœื•ื” ื”ื’ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื ืกืคื—ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืขืงื‘", ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ. ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคื—ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืื“ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกืคื” ืœืื“ื ื”ืฉืœื, ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืชื•ืจ ื›ื ื˜ื•ืœ (ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื ื— ืข"ื‘), ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ืจ ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืขื ืื—ื“, ื‘ื ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘, ื›ืžื• ืื“ื ืื—ื“. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื•ื›ืœ ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืกืคื—ืช โ€“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกืฃ โ€“ ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืื“ื, ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฆื•ืจืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืื“ื. ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืš ื”ืกืคื—ืช ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื” ืœืื“ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ืจื™ื, ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืง ืชื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ื ืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืืœื• ืฉื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื™ื ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืจืง ื”ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื”ื, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื•ื›ืš ืืœื• ืฉื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืจืง ืœืงื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื’ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื".
2 ืขื™' ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช: ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืฉื, ื“"ื” ืงืฉื™ื: "ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื โ€“ ืคื™' ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ืงื™ืื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ื•ื›ื•' ื•ื™"ืž ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืœืื• ืžื™ืœืชื ื”ื™ื ื“ื”ื ืœื ื ืชืขืจื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื›ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื˜ื” (ื“ืฃ ืœื–:) ื ืžืฆื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืืœืฃ ื•ื’' ืืœืคื™ื [ื•ืชืง"ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช] ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ื ืชืขืจื‘ื• ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืืœืžื ืœื ื ืชืขืจื‘ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ืขืœื” ืืชื ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื“ืงืฉื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื›"ื“ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืฆืขืจื•ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉืข"ื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ืืžืจ (ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ืคื–:) ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืกืคื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื ื”ื™ืจื ื“ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช (ื“ืฃ ืžื–.) ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ื ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื• ืžื” ืจืื™ืช ืฉื‘ืืช ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ืชื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื•ื•ื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืืžืจื™' ื”ืชื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื™ืคืจื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื“ืืžืจ ืžืจ ืงืฉื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ืืœืžื ื“ื‘ืชืจ ืฉื™ืชื’ื™ื™ืจื• ืงืฉื™ื ื”ืโ€ฆ ื•ืจ"ื™ ืคื™ืจืฉ ื“ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืงืฉื™ื ืฉื ื˜ืžืขื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืืœื ืขืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ืกืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ื“ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ื ืžื™ืœืชื ื“ืจ' ื—ืžื ื‘ืจ ื—ื ื™ื ื".
ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื—"ื ื•ื™ื—ื™, ืจื˜"ื• ืข"ื‘: "ืชื ื ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ ืœืืจืขื”ื•ืŸ, ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื ื™"ื“) ื›ื™ ื™ืจื—ื ื™ื™' ืืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื ื•ื ืœื•ื” ื”ื’ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื ืกืคื—ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ื“ ื™ืชื•ื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืืจืขื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื—ื™ืžื• ื‘ื”ื•ืŸ (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื™"ื“) ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื™' ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉืžื• ืื—ื“ ื™ืชืœื•ื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืŸ ื›ืขื•ืžืงื ื‘ื‘ืฉืจื™ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืžื” ืช"ืฉ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ ื“ืืจืขื ื“ื›ืœ ื—ื“ ื™ื”ื ืจืขื•ื ืœืžื™ื“ืข /ืœืžื™ื“ืจ/ ื‘ืืจืขื ื“ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชืกืชืขืจ ื“ื™ื•ืจื™ืŸ ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื "ื“) ื•ื™ืชื“ื•ืชื™ืš ื—ื–ืงื™ ืฆื‘ื™ ืœืžื™ืžืจ ืกื™ื›ื™ื ื“ื”ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžืš ืžืขืงืจื ืืชืงื™ืฃ ื™ืชื”ื•ืŸ ื•ืกื™ื™ืข ื™ืชื”ื•ืŸ ื™ืชื™ืจ ืžืฉืืจ ืขืžืžื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื“ืืช ืกื›ื™ ืœืืชืชืงืคื ื™ืชื”ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขืžืžื™ื ืื—ืจื ื™ื“ื™ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื’ื™ืื™ืŸ".
ื•ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืจืš ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช) ืคืจืฉืช ื›ื™ ืชืฉื ื“ืฃ ืงืฆื‘ ืขืžื•ื“ ื: "ืช"ื— ืชื ื™ื ืŸ ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™, ื›"ืฉ ืืœื™ืŸ ื“ืœื ื”ื•ื• ื’ืจื™ื ื›ื“ืงื ื™ืื•ืช".
ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืชื ื™ื™ื ื, ืชื•ืจื” ื‘', ืื•ืช ื”': "ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื›ืœืœ โ€“ ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžืขืœื™ืŸ ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื ืคื•ืœื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื, ื•ืžื—ืžืช ืฉืืœื• ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืŸ ืžืœืงื™ื˜ืช ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช (ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืข: ): 'ืงืฉื™ื ยป ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช'. ืกืคื—ืช โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื• ืžื›ื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื›ื•ืช ืžืคืœืื•ืช ื”ื "ืœ, ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื›ื "ืœ, ื•ืžื—ืžืช ืฉืืœื• ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืŸ ืžืœืงื™ื˜ืช ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืงืฉื™ื ื›ืกืคื—ืช ื›ื "ืœ: ื•ืืœื• ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ืŸ ื’ืื•ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื™ ืืžืจื• ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•, ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื ืœื‘ืจื›ื” (ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”: ): "ื‘ืžืกืชืจื™ื ืชื‘ื›ื” ื ืคืฉื™ ืžืคื ื™ ื’ื•ื”" โ€“ 'ืžืคื ื™ ื’ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื ืชื ื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื'. ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื’ืื•ื” ื“ืงื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืคืœื” ืืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืขื›ื•"ื ื•ืžืชื’ื™ืจื™ืŸ, ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืขืžื”ื ื’ืื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืืฆืœื ื›ื "ืœ, ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืื•ื”: ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ, ืฉืžืชื’ืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื ื, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื, ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขื ื“ืœ, ื•ื”ื ืžืชื’ืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื ื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืœืœ, ืจืง ื”ื ืžืชื’ืื™ื ืžืขืฆืžื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื ื, ื•ื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ืŸ ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ื”, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ"ื’): "ื•ืืฉืจ ื—ืจื‘ ื’ืื•ืชืš" โ€“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื "ืœ, ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ืŸ ื’ืื•ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื "ืœ, ื•ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขื ื“ืœ ื‘ื—ื ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ื— ืืคืœื• ืœื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืชื—ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ื” ื”ื "ืœ. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืžืขื ื™ืฉ, ืืœื ืžื–ื™ืง, ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืžื–ื™ืงื™ ืขืœืžื. ื•ื–ื”: 'ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช', ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืกืคื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื’ื“ืœื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ื™ื ื• ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื’ืื•ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ, ืฉื’ื“ืœื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื ื•ืžืชื’ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืฆืžืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื ื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืœืœ ื›ื "ืœ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืงืจืื™ื ื’ืจื™ื, ืขืœ ืฉื (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืก"ื’): "ื™ื’ื™ืจื”ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื‘", ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื” ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ื” ื›ื "ืœ".
3 ืขื™' ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื’ืจ: " ื•ื”"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื’ืจ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื’ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืงื“ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืงืฉื™ื ื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ื“ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืŸ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืขื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ื›ื”"ื’ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฆืจืคื™ืช (ืž"ื ื™ื–) ืฉืืžืจื” ืžื” ืœื™ ื•ืœืš ืื™ืฉ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื (ื›ื™) ื‘ืืช ืืœื™ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ [ืืช] ืขื•ื ื™ ืฉืžืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื” ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฉื ืขื•ื ื”"
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืžืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืœืš ืœืš ื‘ืฉื ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืฉืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื— ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื‘ืขืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื•. ื•ื“ื•"ืง.
4 ืขื™' ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืคื™ืก' ืœ"ื•, ืœ"ื–: "ืืžืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ: ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืชื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ืชื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืฉืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ืจื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืš ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกื‘ืจืชื ืœืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืžืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•, ืžืขื•ืฉื™ ืžืœืื›ืช ื”' ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื›ื™ ืืœื” ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื ื•ื ืคืฉื ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ืช, ื›ื ืคืฉื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื”ืžืชื”ืœืš ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื• ืžืคื ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื•. ื•ื”ืœืœื• ื›ืื“ื ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื™ืงืจื”ื•. ืื“ื ื›ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื—ืœืฅ ืœืงืจื‘ ื›ืื™ืฉ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช. ืืœ ืชืชืคืœื ืืคื•ื ื‘ืจืื•ืชืš ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืชื ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื”, ื•ืืœ ืชืชืื›ื–ื‘ ื‘ืจืื•ืชืš ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”, ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื. ื›ื™ ืืœื” ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืจื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืจ ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื”ืœืœื• ื ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืขืจืฉื•ืชื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžื‘ืฆืจื” ืžืงื“ื ืงื“ืžืชื”".
5 ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืกื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื“ืฃ ืจื˜"ื• ืข"ื‘: "ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื•ื“ ืื—ื•ื–ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืงื• ืืžืฆืขื™, ื”ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื•ืžื™ื™ื—ื“ ืื•ืชื• ืขื ืงื• ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ื–"ืก ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืงื• ืฉืžืืœ ื•ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืงื• ื”ืืžืฆืขื™".
6 ืขื™' ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืœื’"ืฉ: "ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžืชืคืืจืช ืฉื‘ืชืคืืจืช, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืงื• ื”ืฉื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืกื“ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืื– ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืžื•ื–ื’, ืœื ืจื—ืžื™ื ื’ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืจ, ืืœื ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื”ื, ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ืชืคืืจืช".
7 ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื—ืœืง ื‘ ื“ืฃ ืงืฆื‘/ื "ืืžืจ ืœื•ืŸ ืื”ืจืŸ, ืคืจืงื• ื ื–ืžื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘, ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื•ื” ืœื•ืŸ ื“ื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจื, ืืœื ืืžืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื“ืื™ืช ืœื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื˜ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ืฉื™ื™ื”ื• ื™ืชืขื›ื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื”. ืชื ื—ื–ื™, ืชื ื™ื ืŸ ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™, ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืืœื™ืŸ ื“ืœื ื”ื•ื• ื’ืจื™ื ื›ื“ืงื ื™ืื•ืช, ืื™ื ื•ืŸ ืžื” ืขื‘ื“ื•, ื•ื™ืชืคืจืงื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืืช ื ื–ืžื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื–ื ื™ื”ื, ื›ืžื” ืืœืคื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื• ืžื ื–ืžื™ื”ื•ืŸ ืชืžืŸ."

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *