ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื“
 
06/03/2004

ืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ืื—ืช ืžืืจื‘ืข ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืงืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ื”ื™ื ืคืจืฉืช "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื.
ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ื™"ื— ืข"ื), ื”ื“ื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” (ื™"ื– ืข"ื): "ืงืจืื” (ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื”) ืขืœ ืคื”โ€ฆ ืœื ื™ืฆื":

ืžื ืœืŸ, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื ืืชื™ื "ื–ื›ื™ืจื”" "ื–ื›ื™ืจื”". ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื›ื 'ื•ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื' ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื "ื›ืชื‘ ื–ืืช ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ", ืžื” ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ. ื•ืžืžืื™ ื“ื”ืื™ ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื ื“ืœืžื ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืžื, ืœื ืกืœืงื ื“ืขืชืš, ื“ืชื ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืœื ืชืฉื›ื—" ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ื‘ืคื”.

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื–ืืช ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ", ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขืžืœืง, ืฉื’ื ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืกืคืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืงืจืื” ืขืœ ืคื” ืœื ื™ืฆื. ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืขืžืœืง ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืžื ื•ืœื ื‘ืงืจื™ืื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื” ื‘ืคื”. ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื, ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ืขืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื‘ืคื”, ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื™ืฉื ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืกืคืจ. ื›ืš ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœ1:

ื•ืฉืžืขืช ืžื”ืื™ ืฉืžืขืชื ื“ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืขืžืœืง ื ืžื™ ืกืคืจ ื‘ืขื™, ื“ืื™ ื”ืื™ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ, ืžืงืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื ืžื™ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ ืกืคืจ, ื“ื”ื ืืชื™ื ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื“ืขืžืœืง.

ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืงืจื•ื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ืงื, ื•ืœื ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื ืœืžื“ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืขืžืœืง, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืขืžืœืง ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื•ืงื.

ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื
ื. ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ
ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืžืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง, ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื”. ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช (ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืงืค"ื˜):

ืžืฆื•ื” ืงืค"ื˜ ื”ื™ื ืฉืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื ื• ืขืžืœืง ืžื”ืงื“ื™ืžื• ืœื”ืจืข ืœื ื•, ื•ืฉื ืืžืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื•ืขืช ื•ื ืขื•ืจืจ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ื• ื•ื ื–ืจื– ื”ืขื ืœืฉื ื•ื ืื•ืชื•, ืขื“ ืฉืœื ืชืฉื›ื— ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืœื ืชื—ืœืฉ ืฉื ืืชื• ื•ืชื—ืกืจ ืžื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืขื ืื•ืจืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื™ืช' "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœืš ืขืžืœืง". ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™, "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœืš" ื‘ืคื”, "ืœื ืชืฉื›ื—" ื‘ืœื‘, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืืžื•ืจ ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืš ืฉื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืœื ืชืกื•ืจ ืฉื ืืชื• ืžื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœืš ืขืžืœืง" ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืœื ืชืฉื›ื—" ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจื”, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ืฉืชื”ื ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื™ืš. ื”ืœื ืชืจืื” ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื™ืš ืขืฉื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืชื—ืœื” ืžืขืฉื”ื• ื”ืจืข, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฆื•ื” ืœื”ืจื’ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื™ืช' "ืคืงื“ืชื™ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ".

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืืžื™ืจืช ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื ืื” ืœืขืžืœืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ื•, ื•ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืกืคืจ2. ื’ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” (ื”ืœ' ืžืœื›ื™ื ืค"ื” ื”"ื”):

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœืื‘ื“ ื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืง, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืชืžื—ื” ืืช ื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืง", ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ืจืขื™ื ื•ืืจื™ื‘ืชื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืื™ื‘ืชื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœืš ืขืžืœืง", ืžืคื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื” ืœืžื“ื• "ื–ื›ื•ืจ" ื‘ืคื”, "ืœื ืชืฉื›ื—" ื‘ืœื‘, ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืื™ื‘ืชื• ื•ืฉื ืืชื•.

ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ืœืขื™ืœ, ืžืžื ื” ืžื•ื›ื—, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื3.
ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื–ืืช ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ" ื”ื•ื ืืกืžื›ืชื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืฉืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืชืงื ื• ื–ืืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชืงื ื• ื”ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžืœืง โ€“ ื‘ืกืคืจ, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืกืคืจ.
ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœืขื™ืœ (ื–' ืข"ื):

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืกืชืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžื˜ืžืื” ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื. ืœืžื™ืžืจื ื“ืกื‘ืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืกืชืจ ืœืื• ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื ืืžืจื”, ื•ื”ืืžืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืกืชืจ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื ืืžืจื”, ื ืืžืจื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ื•ืœื ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™ื›ืชื•ื‘.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ (ื“"ื” "ื”ื•ื ื“ืืžืจ ื›ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข"): "โ€ฆืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื™ื›ืชื‘, ืืœื ืœื’ื•ืจืกื” ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ืœืงืจื•ืชื”". ื”ืจื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ, ืฉื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื™ื›ืชื‘, ืืœื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืงืจื™ืื” ืขืœ ืคื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืชื‘.
ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืžืงื•ื (ื“"ื” "ื ืืžืจื”") ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ: "ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืกื‘ืจ ื“ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืงืจื•ืชื” ืขืœ ืคื”, ื•ืงืฉื” ื“ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืคืœื™ื’ ืขืœ ืกืชื ืžืฉื ื” ื“ืœืงืžืŸ ื“ืคืจืง ื‘' ื“ืชื ื™ ืงืจืื” ืขืœ ืคื” ืœื ื™ืฆืโ€ฆ". ืืžื ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืจืฅ, ืฉืืฃ ืฉื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื ื ืืžืจื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืชื‘, ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฆื•ืจืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืžืกืคืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื•, ื—ื•ืœืง ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื“ืฃ ื™"ื—, ื”ืœื•ืžื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงืจื™ืื” ืขืœ ืคื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืคืกื•ืง, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื™ื›ืชื‘, ืืœื ืžืชืงื ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ืœืžื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ืคืกืง ื›ืฉืžื•ืืœ, ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื™ื ื• ื ืœืžื“ ืžืคืกื•ืง, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืค"ื ื”"ื):

ืจ' ื—ืœื‘ื• ืจ' ื—ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ "ื•ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื•ื ืขืฉื™ื", ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ื• ืจ' ื™ืกื ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ืœืขื–ืจ ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ "ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืืžืช", ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ืœืŸ "ืืžืช ืงื ื” ื•ืืœ ืชืžื›ื•ืจ", ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืืžื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื” ื–ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืกื™ืจื˜ื•ื˜ ืืฃ ื–ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืกื™ืจื˜ื•ื˜, ืžื” ื–ื• ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืืฃ ื–ื• ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ.

ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืœื•ืžื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ ืฉืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืฉืžืข, ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ื“ืขื” ื”ื—ื•ืœืงืช ืขืœ ืจื‘, ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจืช ืฉืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื“ืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ, ืฉื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ืชื‘, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ืื ื›ืš, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืžืจื "ืžื ืœืŸ", ืขืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื“ืจืฉืช ืคืกื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ืชื‘ ื•ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ4.
ื ืžืฆื, ืื ื›ืŸ, ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ, ื”ืื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ืชื‘ ื•ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืื• ืœื. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ืจืฉืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื“ืฃ ื™"ื—. ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื” ื“ืจืฉื” ื’ืžื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืœื• ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื’ืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ.

ื‘. ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืžืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง
ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื›ืžื” ืฉืืœื•ืช.
ื. ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืกืคืจื ื›ืจืื™ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืคื”. ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื (ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™, ืคืจืฉืชื ื', ื’'):

ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœืงื“ืฉื•", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืฉืžื•ืจ" ื”ืจื™ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจื”, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื™ืš.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื— ืืช ืืฉืจ ื”ืงืฆืคืช ืืช ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—" ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื™ื—ืช ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจื”, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ืฉืชื”ื ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื™ืš.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ืœืžืจื™ื", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื”ืฉืžืจ ื‘ื ื’ืข ื”ืฆืจืขืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืื“ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช" ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื™ื—ืช ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจื”, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื™ืš.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœืš ืขืžืœืง", ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืœื ืชืฉื›ื—" ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื™ื—ืช ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจื”, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื™ืš.

ื”ืกืคืจื ืžื•ื ื” ืืจื‘ืข ื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื–ื•ื›ืจืŸ ื‘ืคื”: ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืขืฉื” ืžืจื™ื, ื”ืงืฆืคืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง. ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืจืง ืืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืงื "ื”) ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืžืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื”5.
ื‘. ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™' ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืงื“ื™ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื‘ืข ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืจื™"ื’ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžืฆื•ื”. ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืœืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืื—ืจืช, ืื™ื ื ื• ื ืžื ื” ื›ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”. ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืžืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง, "ื•ื ืขื•ืจืจ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ื•", ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืœื ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืชื” ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืจื™"ื’ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช?!
ื’. ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื: "ื”ืœื ืชืจืื” ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื™ืš ืขืฉื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืชื—ืœื” ืžืขืฉื”ื• ื”ืจืข, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฆื•ื” ืœื”ืจื’ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื™ืช' 'ืคืงื“ืชื™ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ'". ืžืฉืžืข ืžืœืฉื•ื ื• ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ืจืื™ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ืžื” ื–ืงื•ืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืจืื™ื” ื–ื•, ื•ืžื” ืœืžื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ.
ื ืจืื”, ืฉืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืชื•ืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืื—ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชื”. ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืœืžื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืขืžืœืง ืื™ื ื ื” ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืืœื ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”. ืืœื• ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื' ื˜"ื•, ื'-ื’'):

ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœ ืฉืื•ืœ ืืชื™ ืฉืœื— ื”' ืœืžืฉื—ืš ืœืžืœืš ืขืœ ืขืžื• ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืชื” ืฉืžืข ืœืงื•ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”'. ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืคืงื“ืชื™ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืœื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ืขืœืชื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ืขืชื” ืœืš ื•ื”ื›ื™ืชื” ืืช ืขืžืœืง ื•ื”ื—ืจืžืชื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื• ื•ืœื ืชื—ืžืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ืžืชื” ืžืื™ืฉ ืขื“ ืืฉื” ืžืขืœืœ ื•ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ืง ืžืฉื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ ืฉื” ืžื’ืžืœ ื•ืขื“ ื—ืžื•ืจ.

ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืขืžืœืง ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืชื— ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืืชื• ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืขืžืœืง, ื•ืžื ืžืง ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ืจืขื™ื. ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ ื›ืš, ืืœื ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง, ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื•. ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืขืจืš ืขืฆืžื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”. ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืชื—ืœื” ืžืขืฉื”ื• ื”ืจืข, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฆื•ื” ืœื”ืจื’ื", ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืจืื™ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืœื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืขืžืœืง.
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืžื ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืžื ื•ืช ื›ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžืŸ6.

ื’ื“ืจื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื™ื ืชื—ืช ื”ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.
ื”ื‘ื”"ื’ ืงืจื ืœื”ืœ' ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” "ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ", ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช "ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ". ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจืื”, ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.
ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื—' ืข"ื) ืžื•ื‘ื:

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื—ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืžื™ ืžืื™ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ ื”' ื™ื›ืœื•" ื–ื” ื”ืžื ื™ื— ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ื•ืฆื. ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื”ื• ื ืคื™ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื ืœื’ื‘ืจื. ื‘ืขื™ ืจื‘ ืคืคื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืงื ืœืคืกื•ืงื ืžื”ื•, ืชื™ืงื•. ืจื‘ ืฉืฉืช ืžื”ื“ืจ ืืคื™ื” ื•ื’ืจื™ืก, ืืžืจ ืื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื”ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื”ื•.
ืจืฉ"ื™: ืžื”ื“ืจ ืืคื™ื” ื•ื’ืจื™ืก โ€“ ืžืฉื ืชื•, ื›ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”.

ื”ื‘ื”"ื’ ืžื‘ื™ื ื’ืžืจื ื–ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื•:

ืจื‘ ืฉืฉืช ืžื”ื“ืจ ืืคื™ื” ื•ื’ืจื™ืก, ืืžืจ ืื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื”ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื”ื•. ื•ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ืื™ื›ื ืขืฉืจื” ื“ืฆื™ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืœืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื™ื›ื ืขืฉืจื” ื“ืฆื™ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืœื. ืืžืจ ืจ' ืœื•ื™ ื‘ืจ ืœื—ืžื ืืžืจ ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืžืื™ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ืขืœื” ืืœื™ ื”ื”ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื•ืืชื ื” ืœืš ืืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื’ื•'", "ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ" ื–ื• ืžืงืจื, "ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื”" ื–ื• ืžืฉื ื”, "ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื”" ื›ืžืฉืžืขื”, "ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™" ืืœื• ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื, "ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืชื" ื–ื” ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืœื• ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื—ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืžื™ ืžืื™ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ ื”' ื™ื›ืœื•" ื–ื” ื”ืžื ื™ื— ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืชื•ื— ื•ื™ื•ืฆื. ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื”ื• ื ืคื™ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื ืœื’ื‘ืจื. ื‘ืขื™ ืจื‘ ืคืคื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืงื ืœืคืกื•ืงื ืžื”ื• ืชื™ืงื•, ื•ื›ืœ ืชื™ืงื• ื“ืื™ืกื•ืจื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื ื•ืœื ื ืคื™ืง.

ื‘ื”"ื’ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืฉืฉืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืจ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื”' ืข"ื, ื‘ื’ื™ืจืกื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืืฉืจ ืœืคื ื™ื ื•). ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื”"ื’, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื ื ืขืฉืจื” ื”ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื (ืจืื” ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื, ื“"ื” "ืจื‘ ืฉืฉืช"), ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื•.
ื ืจืื”, ืฉื‘ื”"ื’ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงืจื ืœื”ืœื›ื•ืช "ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ"). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืฃ ื”ื•ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“.
ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ื”"ื’ (ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”' ืข"ื), ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ื’ื™ืจืกืื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”. ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื: "'ืœื•ื—ื•ืช' ืืœื• ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช, 'ืชื•ืจื”' ื–ื” ืžืงืจื, 'ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื”' ื–ื• ืžืฉื ื”โ€ฆ", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื”"ื’ ื’ื•ืจืก: "'ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ' ื–ื• ืžืงืจื, 'ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื”' ื–ื• ืžืฉื ื”, 'ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื”' ื›ืžืฉืžืขื”โ€ฆ".
ืจืฉ"ื™ ืคื™ืจืฉ: "ื–ื” ืžืงืจื โ€“ ื—ื•ืžืฉ, ืฉืžืฆื•ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื–ื• ืžืฉื ื” โ€“ ืฉื™ืชืขืกืงื• ื‘ืžืฉื ื”. ื–ื” ื’ืžืจื โ€“ ืกื‘ืจืช ื˜ืขืžื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืžื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื” ื”ื•ืจืื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืจืื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื ืงืจืื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ื˜ื” (ื›"ื‘ ืข"ื)". ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื7.
ื ืจืื” ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ืš ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื•, ืžื“ื•ืข ื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืชื•ืจื”" โ€“ ื–ื” ืžืงืจื, ื•ืœื ืืžืจื• ืฉืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžืฉืžืขื”, ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืžืฉื™ ืชื•ืจื”. ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืงืจืื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืœืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ืžืงืจื, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืื—ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ืžืœืžื“ ืืช ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืžืฉื ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื—ืœืง, ื•ื›ืš ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™. "ืžืงืจื" ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืื•ืคืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ืืชื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™, ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืื“ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืื• ื‘ืฉืืจ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช8.
ื ืจืื”, ืฉื‘ื”"ื’, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื’ื™ืจืกืชื•, ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื. ืืฃ ื‘ื”"ื’ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืงืจื ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืœื ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ืจืฉื” ืžื•ืกื‘ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ", ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”"ื’ ืฉื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืžืžืœืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ. ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืฉื. ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”' ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืฃ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืš. ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืข ืœืงืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืคื•ื’ื ื‘ื›ืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ืืœื ืขืฆื ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
ื ืจืื”, ืฉื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืงื”ืœ. ื›ืš ืขื•ืœื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”"ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื" (ืื•"ื— ืกื™ ืจืค"ื‘ ืก"ืง ื•'). ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ืฉื ืกืข' ื’') "ื”ื›ืœ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื” (ืงืจื•ืื™ื) ืืคื™ืœื• ืืฉื”โ€ฆ", ื›ืชื‘:

ืžืฉืžืข ืžื›ืืŸ ื“ืืฉื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ืชืงื ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื›ืžื• ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”.

ื›ืฉื ืฉื‘ื”ืงื”ืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืืฃ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืš. ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื‘ื”"ื’, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืืจื ื•, ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื›ืš, ืฉืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื”, ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœืœ ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ืื•ืชืŸ.
ืืฃ ืฉืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื”"ื’ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”:

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืžืข ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืฉืืฃ ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื ืกโ€ฆ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืžืžืงืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืืœื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืžืข. ืœืžื”, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกืคืง "ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ื•ืœืื‘ื“", ื•ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกืคื™ืงื ื”ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืžืขโ€ฆ ื•ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžืฉืžืข ืžืงืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื”, ืžืœืžื’ืจืก ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื.

ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ "ืžืฉืžืข ืžื’ื™ืœื”" ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื–"ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ (ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื’' ืข"ื): "ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข", ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“, ืฉืืฃ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืœืง ื‘ื•.
ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ื‘ื”"ื’ ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื: ืจืฉ"ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื›ืš ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ื•ื‘ื”"ื’ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืขื”9.


1 ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ืจืื‘"ืŸ (ืกืคืจ ืจืื‘"ืŸ ืœืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื”): "ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื“ื”ืชื ('ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื–ืืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ') ืžื ืœืŸ ื“ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื–ื›ื•ืจ', ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ 'ืœื ืชืฉื›ื—' ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื 'ื–ื›ื•ืจ', ื‘ืคื”, ืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ืขืžืœืง". ื”ืจื™ ืฉืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ืช "ื–ื›ื•ืจ", ื”ื•ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ืขืžืœืง. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืกืงื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื”ืœื›ื”, ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืชืจืค"ื” ืกืข' ื–'.
2 ืืฃ ืฉืžืงืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื’ื ื—ื•ืžืจื ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืžืขืฉื” ืขืžืœืง, ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืฉื ื”.
3 ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ืจื™"ืฃ, ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ, ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ ื’ืžืจื ื–ื• ื•ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื›ืœืœ.
4 ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื—ืœื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ื”ืœื•ืžื“ ืฉื ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœืชื•ืจื”: ืฉื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื˜, ื•ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื. ืื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื˜, ื•ืืฃ ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ, ื•ืื ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ืชื‘, ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื˜, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ.
5 ืขื™' ื‘ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” (ืžืฆื•ื” ื–') ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืžืขืฉื” ืžืจื™ื, ื•ื“ืŸ ืืฃ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืงืฆืคืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื‘"ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ" ืฉื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื•ืฆื ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื, ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื• ืœืžื ื•ืชืŸ.
6 ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืžืขืฉื” ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข, ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช (ื”ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื”, ื–'): "ื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื‘ืคื”โ€ฆ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ื™ืชืขืœื” ืœืžืจื™ืโ€ฆ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ืชืจื—ืง ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข". ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืงืฆืคืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”' ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืœื‘ื˜ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉื ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืช ื ืžื ื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืขืฆืžื”, ื•ืœื ืจืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื ื™ืขื” ืžื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช (ืขืฉื” ืงื "ื”) ื•ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” (ื”ืœ' ืฉื‘ืช ืคื›"ื˜ ื”"ื).
7 ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื™"ื’ ืข"ื) ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื›ื›ืชื‘ื”, ื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืœื™ืžื ืงืกื‘ืจ ืจ' ื•ื›ื•' โ€“ ืžื“ืื™ืฆื˜ืจื™ืš ืœื™ื” ืงืจื ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืฉืชื”ื ื›ื›ืชื‘ื”, ืกื‘ื™ืจื ืœื™ื” ื‘ืฉืืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจื” ืœืงืจื•ืช". ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ื™"ื– ืข"ื‘) ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืชื‘: "ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจื” โ€“ ืœืงืจื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ". ื•ื‘ืชื•ืก' (ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืฉื, ื“"ื” "ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”") ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืืจื• ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชืŸ ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฆื•ื” ืœืงืจื•ืชื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ ืžืขืฉืจ, ืกื•ื˜ื” ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ืืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ื‘ืกื•ื˜ื” (ืœ"ื’ ืข"ื): "ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจื” โ€“ ืœืงืจื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช".
8 ื ืจืื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™ (ื™"ื’ ืข"ื) ื”ืื•ืžืจ "ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื›ื›ืชื‘ื”", ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืžืจ "ื›ื›ืชื‘ื”", ื•ืœื "ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ" (ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ"), ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืชื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืœืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” (ื•ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจืฉ"ื™) ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”: ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืืžืจื” ืœืงืจื•ืช, ื›ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื›ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœื™ื—ื™ื“.
9 ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ืืจ ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื. ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืœืฉืื™ืœืชื•ืช (ืฉืื™ืœืชื ื˜"ื–, ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืช ื'), ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื– ื”"ื): "ืืžืจ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื“ื™ืžื ืœื ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื–ื™ืžื•ืŸ ืืœื ืœืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ืื ืœืจื‘ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš, ืืžืจ ืจ' ืื‘ื ืžืจื™ ืื—ื•ื™ ื“ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ืขืฉืื•ื” ื›ืฉืืจ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”. ืžื” ืฉืืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื˜ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืฃ ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื”". ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืœื•ืžื“ ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘: "ืกื‘ื™ืจื ืœื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉื ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืชืงื ื• ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ื“ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื ืชืงื ื• ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืืœื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“". ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื•, ืฉื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ โ€“ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื”ืจื™ ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขืฆืžื”.
ื‘. ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ "ืื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ" ืขืž' ืž"ื): "ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืžื”ื• ืฉื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืงืจื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•โ€ฆ ื•ื”ืœื” ื ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืจืš ื•ืœื ืงืจื ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ืžื‘ืจืš ืœื‘ื˜ืœื”, ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื ื“ืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืคื™ืจ ืžืฆื™ ืžื‘ืจืš ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืงื•ืจื". ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืชื™ืจ ืœืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจื ืœืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืงื•ืจื.
ื’. ื‘"ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื•ื™" ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”) ื›ืชื‘: "ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื—ื›ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื“ื›ื”ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ืฉืืจื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื™ืฉืžืขื• ื•ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื”. ื”ื ื” ืื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืจื•ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืœืคืจืฉ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” "ื”ืžืคื˜ื™ืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื ื›ื•' ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืจืก ืขืœ ืฉืžืข ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ื›ืคื™ื•", ื“ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช, ื“ื”ื ื›ืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ื ื•ืฉื ื›ืคื™ื•, ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื ื™ื—ื ื“ื”ื•ื ื™ืืžืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืืจื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ืืžื ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื”ื™ืจื ื›ืœืœ ื“ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืจืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื• ืืœื ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื—ื•ื“ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื“ืฆืจื™ืš ืงื•ืœ ืจื ื›ืื“ื ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื•ื›ืžื• ื“ื ืคืงื ืœืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžืงืจื ื“ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื”, ื“ื”ืจื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ื”ืจื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ืฉืžืข ืœื”ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื•ืœื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื”ืš ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ืžืื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืคื” ืจืง ื‘ืœื—ืฉ ื“ืœื ื™ืฆื". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื”", ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืชื ืื™ ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืžื™ืจื” ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื. ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจ (ื—"ื ืชืฉ' ืž"ื–): "ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื (ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื•), ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืงื•ืœ ืจื, ื•ืกื‘ืจื ื“ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื” ืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืœื™ืชื, ื“ื”ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ืจืš ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉื™ืงืจื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืชื‘. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ, ื“ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจ, ืžื”ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื–ืืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ'โ€ฆ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืจืื™ื” ืœืกืชื•ืจ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช "ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื•ื™" ืžืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืืžื™ืจื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืจ, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืกืคืจ, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืืžื™ืจื” โ€“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื”.
ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ืฉืืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืžื™ืจื”, ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจ, ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ืืžื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžืจ, ื›ืฉื•ืžืข. ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ื”ืงื•ืจื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืžื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื, ืืœื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื›ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืงื•ืจื โ€“ ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืจื "ื“ืจืš ื’ืจื•ื ื•" ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื”" (ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืค"ื“ ื”"ื, ืฉืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ืฉืงืจื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”, ื•ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™: "ืžื” ื ืชื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”, ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื ื•ื–ื” ืžื‘ืจืš?! ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ื™ืจืžื™ื” ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืงื•ืจื. ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ืืฉืจ ืงืจื ืœืคื ื™ ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”' ื•ืœื ืฉืคืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื”, ืืœื ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืงื•ืจื", ื”ืจื™ ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืงื•ืจื", ื•ืฆ"ืข ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘).

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *