ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืคืจืฉื” ื“ โ€“ ืคืกืงื” ื“

ืžื“ืจืฉ >> ืงื”ืœืช ืจื‘ื”
ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ืœืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื–
 
18/04/2007

ืงื”ืœืช ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื“', ื“'

"ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื•", ืžืฉืœ ืœืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื’ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืข ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืข ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ, ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฆื“ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฆื“ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉืขื™ื, ืžื™ื“ "ื—ื•ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื•".

ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

"ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืกึดื™ืœ ื—ึนื‘ึตืง ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึนื›ึตืœ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืจื•ึน", ืžืฉืœ ืœืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื’ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืข ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— โ€“ ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืข ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ โ€“ ืžืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฆื“ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื โ€“ ื–ื” ืฉื™ื’ืข ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ โ€“ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฆื“ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉืขื™ื, ืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื˜ืขื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืžื™ื’ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืืœื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ื–ืืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื "ื—ื•ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื•".

ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ: ื. ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœืขืžืœ ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืงื ืื” ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช. ื‘. ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ โ€“ ืื“ื ืฉืžืกืจื‘ ืœืขืžื•ืœ ื•ืžื—ืคืฉ ืจืง ืฉืœื•ื” ื•ื ื—ืช. ื’. ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ. ื“. ื”ืขืžืœ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ืจืง ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื‘ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืœื• ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืฉืืœื”1:

ื. ื•ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึธืึถืจึฐืึถื” ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึฒืฉืึปืงึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึถืฉื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื“ึผึดืžึฐืขึทืช ื”ึธืขึฒืฉืึปืงึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืœึธื”ึถื ืžึฐื ึทื—ึตื ื•ึผืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ืขึนืฉืึฐืงึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึนื—ึท ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืœึธื”ึถื ืžึฐื ึทื—ึตื.
ื‘. ื•ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืึฒื ึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึตืชึดื™ื ืฉืึถื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ืžึตืชื•ึผ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึตืžึผึธื” ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืขึฒื“ึถื ึธื”.
ื’. ื•ึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืžึดืฉึผืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืึตืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึฒื“ึถืŸ ืœึนื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ืจึธืึธื” ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื”ึธืจึธืข ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึธื” ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึถืฉื.
ื“. ื•ึฐืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึธืžึธืœ ื•ึฐืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึดื™ื ืงึดื ึฐืึทืช ืึดื™ืฉื ืžึตืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทื ื–ึถื” ื”ึถื‘ึถืœ ื•ึผืจึฐืขื•ึผืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท.
ื”. ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืกึดื™ืœ ื—ึนื‘ึตืง ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึนื›ึตืœ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืจื•ึน.
ื•. ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืžึฐืœึนื ื›ึทืฃ ื ึธื—ึทืช ืžึดืžึผึฐืœึนื ื—ึธืคึฐื ึทื™ึดื ืขึธืžึธืœ ื•ึผืจึฐืขื•ึผืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท.

ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘'-ื’', ื•ื“ืจืฉื” ื–ื• ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”'. ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ "ืžื“ืœื’" ืขืœ ืคืกื•ืง ื“'.
ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ืคืฉื˜ ืžื‘ืืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื“'-ื•' ืžื”ื•ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”2. ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื: "ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืขืžืœ". ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืขืžืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืขืžืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืงื ืื”, ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื›ืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ืœื™ โ€“ "ื”ื‘ืœ ื•ืจืขื•ืช ืจื•ื—". ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืžื ื•ื’ื“, ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืžืœ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืืช ืคืกื•ืง ื“', ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื3.

ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื ืื”
ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืชืืจ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืชื” ื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื: ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืžืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื’ื™ืขืชื ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืŸ ื”ืงื ืื”.
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื—ื™ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืจ, ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืฉื–ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื. ื›ื™ื•ื ื“ื™ืจืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”. ืžื“ื•ืข? ื›ืฉืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืžืชืงื“ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื“ื™ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื ื™ื• ื›ื™ ื“ื™ืจืชื ืฆืจื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื, ื•ื”ื "ืžื™ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืงื•" ืขื ืจืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”. ื›ืš ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืจืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืงื ืื”.
ืืฃ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืฉ"ืงื ืืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืชืจื‘ื” ื—ื›ืžื”", ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื.
ืืžื ื ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉื ืงื ืชื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ืื” ืกื•ืคื” ืœื”ื™ืจืงื‘4, ืืš ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช โ€“ ื”ื“ืจืš ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ืงื ืื” ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช.
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืื“ื ืœืขืžื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืจืฉ ืžืงืจื‘ื• ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื ืื”, ืืš ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืื™ื ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ืš, ืืœื ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื โ€“ ื”ืงื ืื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื•ืžืงื“ืžืช ืื•ืชื”.
ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ืคืฉื˜ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”, ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš. ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื‘ื, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื ืžืชื‘ืืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื•. ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉืœ ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ืจืฉื”, ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืœ ื•ื”ื ืžืฉืœ.

"ื—ื•ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื•"
ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ, ืฉื‘ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื”ืคืกื•ืง, ืื™ื ื ื• ืื“ื ืฉื—ืกืจ ืœื• ืฉื›ืœ. ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ืคื’ื•ืžื” ื•ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืกื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ืช. ืžื”ื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžื‘ื™ืข ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืง ื™ื“ื™ื•?
ื”ืื“ื ื ื‘ืจื ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืง ื™ื“ื™ื. ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ื›ืจื— ืœืื›ื•ืœ. ืื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืง ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืื›ืœ โ€“ ื™ืืœืฅ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื•. ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžื–ื•ื ื• โ€“ ืื– ื™ืื›ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื.
"ืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐืขึธืžึธืœ ื™ื•ึผืœึผึธื“"5, ื•ื”ืจืื™ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืื“ื ื™ื“ื™ื. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœืขืžื•ืœ. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืžืžืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื›ื ืกืชื• ืืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื. ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขืžืœ ื•ืžื˜ืจืชื• โ€“ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื• ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื•ืœืขื•ืœื.
ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื™ืข ืœืขืžืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื ืื”, ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืืš ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ื’ื ืฆื“ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™. ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืขืžื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื• ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.
ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืžื•ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื” ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืขืžืœ.
ืกืคืจ ืžืฉืœื™ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื”. ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื” ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง6:

ืขึทื“ ืžึธืชึทื™ ืคึผึฐืชึธื™ึดื ืชึผึฐืึตื”ึฒื‘ื•ึผ ืคึถืชึดื™ ื•ึฐืœึตืฆึดื™ื ืœึธืฆื•ึนืŸ ื—ึธืžึฐื“ื•ึผ ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึผื›ึฐืกึดื™ืœึดื™ื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐื ึฐืื•ึผ ื“ึธืขึทืช.

ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื:

ื•ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื›ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืœื˜ืจื•ื— ื•ืœื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืŸ ื ืงืจืื™ื ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืคื•ืš ื”ื™ื•ื“ืข.

ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ืœื˜ืจื•ื—, "ื•ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ืžืขืฆืžื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ื ื‘ืœื™ ื˜ื•ืจื—"7. ืื“ื ื›ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื˜ืคืฉื•ืชื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื˜ืจื•ื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช.
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืง ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ืคืกื•ืง8:

ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึทืช ืคึผึฐืชึธื™ึดื ืชึผึทื”ึทืจึฐื’ึตื ื•ึฐืฉืึทืœึฐื•ึทืช ื›ึผึฐืกึดื™ืœึดื™ื ืชึผึฐืึทื‘ึผึฐื“ึตื.

ื•ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื:

ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืžืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื”, ื•ืื™ื ื ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืœื˜ืจื•ื— ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ ื•ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.

ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื ื‘ืจื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื. ื”ื•ื ืžืกืจื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืžืœ ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื•. ืื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืขืฆืžื•.

ื–ื”ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงืจื. ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืฉืชื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื•", ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื ืงื ืื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื™ืœื• ื–ืืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.

"ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื"

ืžืฉืœ ืœืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื’ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืข ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืข ื•ืคื™ืจืฉโ€ฆ

ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืžืฉืœ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื’ืขื™ื, ื•ื”ืื—ื“ ืคื™ืจืฉ? ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืžืกืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื’ื ืžืžืฉืœ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื’ืข ื•ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื’ืข.
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ, ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ื™ื—ื“. ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื—ืœื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื”ื”. ืืœื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื“ืจืš ื“ืจืฉื” ืžื”ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื” โ€“ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื”ืื—ื“ "ื™ื’ืข ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ" โ€“ ืžื—ืžืช ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื”. ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื’ืจืžื” ืœื• ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš. ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืฆืขื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื’ืข.
ื—ื‘ืจื•, ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, "ื™ื’ืข ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื—". ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืžืœ ื•ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ืจื•ืื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™9:

ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถืšึฐ ืึนืชึธื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืคึผึฐืจื•ึผ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดืœึฐืื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื›ึดื‘ึฐืฉืึปื”ึธ ื•ึผืจึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดื“ึฐื’ึทืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขื•ึนืฃ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ื”ึธืจึนืžึถืฉื‚ึถืช ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ.

ื”ืื“ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื• ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืจื ืขื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขืžื•ืœ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื–ื”, ื•ื™ืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”.

ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื™ื—ื“ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื”, ื•ื—ื‘ืจื• ืคืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื”.

ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ื™ื›ืจ. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืจืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืžืจืื” ืœืื“ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื—ื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•. ื›ืขืช ืจื•ืื” ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ื—ื‘ืง ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื™ื™ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.
ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื”. ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขืžืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. ื”ืจื™ ื’ื ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ืขืžืœ ืœืคืจื ืกืชื•, ืืœื ืฉื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืชืขื ื•ื’ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืขืžืœ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš. ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื”ื–ื•ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื ืคืชื—ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื”ื, ืฉื”ืื—ื“ ื ืžื ื” ืขืœ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื.

ื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื”
ืื“ื ืฉืขืžืœ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื”.
ื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืื“ื ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ. ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืื“ื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื’ืจ, ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื ืš ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื• โ€“ ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื•, ืื• ืฉื—ื™ื™ื• ืื™ื ื ื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืืฃ ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื ื–ื”ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขืžืœ, ื”ืงื•ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœื—ื™ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”. ืื“ื ืฉืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื ื›ืช ืืœื™ื”.

ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื
ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืขืžืœ:

ื“. ื•ึฐืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึธืžึธืœ ื•ึฐืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึดื™ื ืงึดื ึฐืึทืช ืึดื™ืฉื ืžึตืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทื ื–ึถื” ื”ึถื‘ึถืœ ื•ึผืจึฐืขื•ึผืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท.
ื”. ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืกึดื™ืœ ื—ึนื‘ึตืง ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึนื›ึตืœ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืจื•ึน.
ื•. ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืžึฐืœึนื ื›ึทืฃ ื ึธื—ึทืช ืžึดืžึผึฐืœึนื ื—ึธืคึฐื ึทื™ึดื ืขึธืžึธืœ ื•ึผืจึฐืขื•ึผืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท.

ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืขืžืœ โ€“ ื”ืขืžืœ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื ืื” ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื.
ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืขืฆืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื›ืจื— ื”ืขืžืœ ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช: "ืžืœื ื›ืฃ ื ื—ืช". ื”ืขืžืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื”ืขืžืœ ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื•ื ืคืกื•ืœ. ืืฃ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืง ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืคืกื•ืœ. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื โ€“ ืขืžืœ ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ื”, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ืฉื ื™ ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื โ€“ ื”ืขืžืœ ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”.

1 ืงื”ืœืช ื“' ื'-ื•'.
2 ืขื™' ื‘"ื“ืขืช ืžืงืจื", ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื•ื "ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžื—ืžืช ืงื ืื”", ืืš ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื•ืฉื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืขื˜, ืจืื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื.
3 ืืฃ ื”ืจื“"ืœ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœืžื“ืจืฉ ืงื•ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ืœืคืกื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืขื™' ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•.
4 ืขื™' ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช ืขืž' ืค"ื‘: "ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉืžืชืจื‘ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืงื ืืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื” ืžืชื•ืš ืงื ืื” ืกื•ืคื” ืœื”ืจืงื‘, ื•ื›ืœ ืจืงื‘ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืกืจื—ื•ืŸ, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื›ืžืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉืชืกืจื— ื‘ืขืงื‘ืชื ื“ืžืฉื™ื—ื, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืจื—ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืชืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืฆื•ืจืชื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื•ื™ื•ื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื™ืจ ืื•ืจ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืžื›ืœ ืงื ืื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ื›ืžืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉืชืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืฉื ื—ื“ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืคื™ ื“' ื™ืงื‘ื ื•. 'ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื–ื™ืช ื”ื•ื“ื• ื•ืจื™ื— ืœื• ื›ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ'".
5 ืื™ื•ื‘ ื”', ื–'.
6 ืžืฉืœื™ ื', ื›"ื‘.
7 ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง.
8 ืžืฉืœื™ ื', ืœ"ื‘.
9 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื', ื›"ื—.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *