ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ื”ืณืชืฉืคืดื“
 
20/02/2024

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื“ื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ "ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ืช", ื ืขืกื•ืง ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช "ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ":

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ื– ืขืžื•ื“ ื
ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ: ืฉื ื™ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ, ืžืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื, ื•ื ืคืœ ืžืžื ื™, ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ื•. ื•ืœื•ื” ืืžืจ: ืฉืœืš ื”ื•ื, ื•ืคืจืขืชื™ื• ืœืš. ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื•, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™. ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืื•ืžืจ: ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื•. ื ืคืœ ืœื™ื“ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืชื•. ืืžืจ ืžืจ: ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื•. โ€“ ื•ื’ื‘ื™ ืœื™ื” ืžืœื•ื” ื›ื•ืœื™ื”? ื•ืœื™ืช ืœื™ื” ืžืชื ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ ื›ื•'? โ€“ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื ื—ืžืŸ: ื‘ืžืงื•ื™ื โ€“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื•, ื›ื™ ืคืœื™ื’ื™ โ€“ ื‘ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงื•ื™ื. ืจื‘ื™ ืกื‘ืจ: ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ืžื•, ื•ืื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” โ€“ ืคืœื™ื’, ื•ืื™ ืœื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” โ€“ ืœื ืคืœื™ื’. ืžืื™ ื˜ืขืžื โ€“ ื—ืกืคื ื‘ืขืœืžื ื”ื•ื, ืžืืŸ ืงื ืžืฉื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ืœื”ืื™ ืฉื˜ืจื โ€“ ืœื•ื”, ื”ื ืงืืžืจ ื“ืคืจื™ืข. ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืกื‘ืจ: ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ืžื•, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ืœื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” โ€“ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื•โ€ฆ
ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ: ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื“ื•ืง ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก ื•ืื—ื“ ืื“ื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจืฃ โ€“ ื–ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื˜ื•ืคืก ื•ื–ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืชื•ืจืฃ. ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ: ืœืขื•ืœื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื—ื“ ืื“ื•ืง ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก ื•ืื—ื“ ืื“ื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจืฃ โ€ฆ
ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ ืื—ื ืžื“ืคืชื™ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื: ืœืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ, ื“ืืžืจ ื–ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื˜ื•ืคืก ื•ื–ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืชื•ืจืฃ, ืœืžื” ืœื™ื”? ื•ื›ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฆืœื•ื—ื™ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš? โ€“ ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”: ืœื“ืžื™. ื“ืืžืจ ื”ื›ื™: ืฉื˜ืจื ื“ืื™ืช ื‘ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืžื” ืฉื•ื™, ื•ื“ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืžื” ืฉื•ื™? ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื ื“ืื™ืช ื‘ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ โ€“ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžืžืฉืขื‘ื“ื™, ื•ืื™ื“ืš ืœื ื’ื‘ื™ ืžืžืฉืขื‘ื“ื™, ื™ื”ื™ื‘ ืœื™ื” ื”ื™ืืš ื“ื‘ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™. ื•ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ื ืžื™ ื“ืืžืจืŸ โ€“ ืœื“ืžื™.

ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืคื•ืกืง ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืœืจื‘ ืื—ื ืžื“ืคืชื™:

ืจื™"ืฃ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ื’ ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘
ืช"ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืžืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื•ื ืคืœ ืžืžื ื™ ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ื• ื•ืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื•ืคืจืขืชื™ื• ืœืš ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืจืฉื‘"ื’ ืื•ืžืจ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ืืžืจ ืžืจ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื•ื’ื‘ื™ ืœื™ื” ืžืœื•ื” ื›ื•ืœื™ื” ื•ืœื™ืช ืœื™ื” ืœืจ' ื”ื ื“ืชื ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœื™ืช ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ืžืฆืืชื™ื” ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ืžืฆืืชื™ื” ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื ื—ืžืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื™ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ื•ื›ื™ ืคืœื™ื’ื™ ื‘ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ืกื‘ืจ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ืžื• ื•ืื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” ืžืœื•ื” ืคืœื™ื’ ื•ืื™ ืœื ืœื ืคืœื™ื’ ืž"ื˜ ื—ืกืคื ื‘ืขืœืžื ื”ื•ื ืžืืŸ ืžืฉื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ืฉื˜ืจื ืœื•ื” ืœื•ื” ื”ื ืงืืžืจ ืคืจืขื ื ื•ืจืฉื‘"ื’ ืกื‘ืจ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ืžื• ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ืœื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” ืคืœื™ื’ ื•ืงื™"ืœ ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื“ืืžืจ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ืžื•. ื•ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ื“ืงืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืœื“ืžื™ ื•ืœื ืœืฉื˜ืจื ื“ืื™ ืœื ืชื™ืžื ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื ื“ืชื ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ืŸ ืข"ื’ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื ืžื™ ื“ืคืœื’ื™ ืœื” ื‘ืฉืœืžื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ื—ื–ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉืจื ืืœื ื˜ืžืื” ืœืžืื™ ื—ื–ื™ื ื”ื ืืคืกื“ื•ื” ืืœื ืœื“ืžื™ ื”"ื  ืœื“ืžื™

ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืคืกืง ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื™ืžื›ื•ืจ ืฉื˜ืจ ืขื ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืžืžื ื• ืžื ื›ืกื™ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืŸ ืื ื™ืžื›ื•ืจ ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืžืžื ื• ืžื ื›ืกื™ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื.
ืืš ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ ืืช ื”ืขืžื“ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ืžื™:

ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื“ื•ืช ืค"ื’ ื”"ื“
ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืืœื ืžืคื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืชื›ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื ืขื•ืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืืœื ืžืคื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ืŸ.

ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ื• ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื—ืกื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ืขืžื“ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื, ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืฉื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื’ืจืกืช ื”ื’ืžืจื1 ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ:

ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื” ื”ืขืจื” ื "ื”
ื•ื”ืฆ"ืข ืฉืžืกื™ืง ื”ื’ื”"ืž ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืคืกืง ื“ืœื ื›ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืฉืœื ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืœืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืืจืชื™ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื’ื™ืจืกื ืื—ืจืช ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืฉื–ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืžืฆื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’ื ืœื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืžื’ื™ืจืกืื•ืช ื“ื—ื›ืžื™ ืกืคืจื“ ืฉืงื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืคืกืง ื“ืœื ื›ื”ืจื™"ืฃ.

ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืคืกื™ืงื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืžื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช:
ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ืกื™ืžื˜ืจื™ืช ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืื ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ืื• ืœื ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ืืœื ืื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื• ืื• ืฉื™ื—ืœืงื•, ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ?
ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื•ื™2 ืฉื•ืืœ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื” ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืœื ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื "ืœ ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ื”ื.
ื”ืจื“ื‘"ื–3 ืฉื•ืืœ ื›ืืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™ ื ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื "ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื•" ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ืจ ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื "ืœ ื’ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™.
ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™:

ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ื– ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘
ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช โ€“ ื”ืื™ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ื“ืงืืžืจ ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ [ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ] ื“ืžืฉืžืข ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื”, ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืจ' ืžื ื—ื, ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™.

ื•ืงืฉื” ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื’ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™, ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™?
ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™:

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืคืจืง ื ื”ืœื›ื” ื
ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืชื•ืคืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื‘ื“ ืžืžื ื™ ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืคืจืขืชื™ื• ืœืš ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™. ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื•. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืœืขื–ืจ ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืคื•ืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื.

ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ
ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ ื ื ืกื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช:

ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื“ื•ืช ืคืจืง ื• ื”ืœื›ื” ื
ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ืฉืงื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื ืขื•ืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืœืฉืชืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื•.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื:

ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื‘
ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื” ืœื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืžืฆื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ื”ืงืฉ ืžืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื“ื•ืช ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™ ื•ืœื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืžืฆืื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืกืžื›ื•ื”ื• ืืœ ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœื ืชืžืฆืื”ื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืชืžืฆืื”ื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืœืžื“ื•ื”ื• ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื“ื•ืช ืื ื‘ืืจื• ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•ืืžืจื• ืฉื–ื” ื’ื•ืฃ ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ืฉื–ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืชื•, ืฉื”ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ื•ืื ืœื ื™ื‘ืืจื• ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื“ื‘ืจื• ื‘ื• ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื•.

ื•ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ:

ื”ืฉื’ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืœืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื‘
ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืœื”ืคืกื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ืขื“ื•ืช ืค"ื’ ื”"ื“) ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ื“"ื  ืืœื ืžืคื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื ' ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื ืืœื ืžื“"ืก ืฉื—ื•ืชื›ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื ืขื•ืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืืฆ"ืœ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืืœื ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื›ืชื‘ (ืฉื ืจืค"ื•) ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืจื ื• ืฉืงื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื ืขื•ืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ.
ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื›ื• ื) ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื ' (ื™ืจืžื™' ืœื‘) ืฉื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ื™ืงื ื• ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ื—ืชื•ื ื•ื”ืขื“ ืขื“ื™ื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ืฉืืจ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืขื ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžืฆื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ืคื™ ื“ืขืชื• ืžืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• (ื™ื‘ืžื•' ืœื ื‘, ื’ื˜ื™ืŸ ืขื ื) ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื–ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื’ืžื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“, ืžื”ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื“ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื“ื™ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ื”ืืฉื” ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื’ื˜ ื—ืชื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื• ื•ืžืชื™ืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืœื”ื ืฉื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ. ื•ื–ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ.
ื•ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืืžืจื• ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ืฉื•ืœื— (ืœื“ ื‘) ื•ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื—ื•ืชืžื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื˜ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืงืฉื• (ืœื• ื) ืžืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ื—ืชื•ื ื•ื”ืขื“ ืขื“ื™ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื ืœื ื ืฆืจื›ื” ืืœื ืœืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื“ืืžืจ ืขื™ื“ื™ ืžืกื™ืจื” ื›ืจืชื™ ืชืงื™ื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืขื™ื“ื™ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื“ื–ื™ืžื ื™ืŸ ื“ืžื™ื™ืชื™ ืกื”ื“ื™ ืื™ ื ืžื™ ื“ืื–ืœื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื. ืขืฉื• ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœืžื“ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ื—ืชื•ื ื•ื”ืขื“ ืขื“ื™ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ื•ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืงื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ื‘ื• ื”ืคืš ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘, ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื ืงื™ื•ื ื“ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ (ื’ ื) ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืงื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืœื ืœื™ื‘ืขื™ ื›ื“ืืžืจ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืžื™ ืฉื ื—ืงืจื” ืขื“ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘"ื“ ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืืฆืจื•ืš ื•ื”ื›ื ืžืฉื•ื ืขื™ื’ื•ื ื ืืงื™ืœื• ื‘ื” ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื” ืืžืจื• (ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื— ื) ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืงื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื™ืžื ื™ื ื”ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ.
ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ. ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืขื‘ื“ ื›ื ืขื ื™ ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ื—ืชื•ื ืฉืžื›ืจื• ืœื•, ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ืื• ื™ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื ื ื”ืจื’ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ืื• ื™ื•ืžื™ื. ืงื“ืฉ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื“ื™ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื•ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื’ื˜ ืžืžื ื• ื—ืชื•ื ื‘ืขื“ื™ื ื ื”ืจื’ ืขืœื™ื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ืคืจ ื•ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืฉืœืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืจืื™ื” ืฉืœืฉื˜ืจ. ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจ ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช (ืœื ื‘) ืืžืจื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืฉื˜ืจ ื“ื‘ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฆืœื” ื“ื™ื“ื” ืงื ืืชื™ ื•ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื‘ื” ืงื ืืชื™ ื•ื–ืžื ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืช ืื—ื•ืชื• ื•ืžื—ืคื” ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืื™ ื’ื‘ื” ื“ื™ื“ื” ืžื—ืงื ืœื™ื”. ืฉืื™ืœื• ื™ืฆื ืฉื˜ืจ ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื ื“ื•ื ืช ื›ืืฉืช ืื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื ืง. ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ืชื‘ื• ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื•ืื•ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชืคืจืฉ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืช ื’ืžื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ืืจื. ืื‘ืœ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ืขื“ื™ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื™ื ื ืœืžื“ ืžื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ื—ืชื•ื. ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
โ€ฆ ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืกื•ืชืจื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•, ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœืจื‘ ื–"ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืžืชืงื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืœื• ืžื—ืžื“ื™ื ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืงืจ ื”ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืžืคื™ืœ ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื, ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืœืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืจืข ื•ืžืจ, ื™ืฉืชืงืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืœื ื™ืืžืจ:

ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืžื ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืคืš ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ืžืกื›ื ื‘ื”ื‘ืขืช ืฆืขืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ:
ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื โ€“ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ
ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ โ€“ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื

ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื ืœื‘ื˜ื ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืื›ืŸ ื“ืขืชื•. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื "ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ืชื‘ื•" ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ื•ืžื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘. ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื ืชืงื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืš ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ.
ืืš ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืชื•ืงืฃ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ, ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœืฉื˜ืจ โ€“ ืืš ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื”ื• ืžืžืฉ ื ื•ื’ื“ ื•ื”ืคืš ื”ื›ืœืœ "ืžืคื™ื”ื โ€“ ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื" ืื›ืŸ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืœื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ,ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ืคืš ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืชืจ "ืžืคื™ื”ื โ€“ ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื"

ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืชืจืฅ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื”ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช?
ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ืฉืกื™ื™ืข ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:

ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื“ื•ืช ืค"ื’ ื”"ื“4
ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื•ืžืจ, ื“ื”ื ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืจื™ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื’ื˜ื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืข"ื [ืข"ื] ื“ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื˜ืœื”, ืžื”ืš ื“ืจืฉื ื“ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื, ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืกื•ืชืจ ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื“ืขื“ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืงื™ื™ืžืช, ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื, ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืคืกื•ืœื”, ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื›ืฉืจื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืŸ, ื•ืจืง ื“ืื ื‘ืื ื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืื™ื–ื• ืžืงืจื™ื ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื˜ืจ, ื‘ื–ื” ื—ื•ืœืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ืก"ืœ, ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ืืœื ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœืงื ื™ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืงื ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื“ืื™ื›ื ืขืœื™ื™ื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืจืง ืœืจืื™ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ืœื ืžืงืจื™ ืฉื˜ืจ, ืืœื ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื• ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื. ื”ืื•ืžื ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืจื™ ืขื™ืงืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืžื“ืขืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื•ื›ื“ืขืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืž"ืž ื–ื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื“ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ืจืง ื”ื™ื›ื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœืงื ื™ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉื˜ืจื™ ืจืื™ื”, ืืฃ ื“ื ืขืฉื• ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ืž"ืž ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืง ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื•ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื, ื•ืจืง ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขื“ื•ืชืŸ ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื”"ื  ื“ืฉื˜ืจื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืงื ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื’ืžืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืขื“ื•ืช, ื•ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื.
ื ืกื›ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื—ืœืง ืืช ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื, ื”ืื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ื”ื™ื:
ืจืื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ โ€“ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืจืง ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืœืกืคืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื™ืจื•ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
ื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ โ€“ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื•ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื”.
ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘:
ื”ืขืžืง ืฉืืœื” ืฉืื™ืœืชื ื "ื”
ื‘ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื“ืื™ ื›ืฉืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื›ื•"ืข ื•ื”ืงื™ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืืœื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืงื™ื•ื ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื“ืคืจืง ืงืžื ื“ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื›ืชื‘ ืžื•ื›ื™ื—, ืžื”ื ื™, ื“ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืœื”ื™ ืคืจืง ื–' ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืจ"ืœ ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืžื”ื ื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืžื”ื ื™.

ืื ื›ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื–ื™ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื–ื” "ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื".
ืืš ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื›ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืจื•ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื ืงืจื” ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ "ืžืคื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื"

ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืจืง ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืจืื™ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื•ืœื ืฉื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืžื—ื™ืœ ื•ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื”.

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ
ื ืจืื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช:

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื“ืฃ ืงื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื
ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ืืžืจ ืื ื›ื™ โ€“ ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืงื•ืŸ: ืื ื ื ืคืฉื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื™ื”ื‘ื™ืช.

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืขื•ืžืง ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ื ืคืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ื ื—ืช ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื•ืื™ื ื ื” ื—ืกืคื ื‘ืขืœืžื.
ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื”:

ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืคืจืง ื' ืžืฉื ื” ื'
ื‘ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคืœื™ืื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื” ื—ืงืง โ€ฆ ื•ื‘ืจื ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ืกืคืจ ื•ืกืคื•ืจ:
ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืคืจืง ื' ืžืฉื ื” ื'
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ืกืคืจ ื•ืกืคื•ืจ. ื”ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ื•ื”ื ื’' ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืืž"ืฉ ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื—ื‘"ื“ ื›ืž"ืฉ ืœืงืžืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉ"ื . ืกืคืจ ื•ืกืคืจ ื”ืŸ ื—"ื‘ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืžื”ื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ โ€ฆื•ืกืคื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืฉื ื™ื”ื


ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืช ื”ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื“ื™ื, ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขื“ื™ื โ€“ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื”. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื”ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ืกืจื” ืœืœื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื "ืœ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฆืจื™ืš ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื• โ€“ ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื, ื”ื ื™ื™ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืื™ื ื ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ ืืœื ืจืง ืœืจืฉื‘"ื’ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™.
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืคื•ืกืง ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื•ื” ื•ืžืœื•ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื ื˜ืขืŸ, ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืชื•ืคืก ืืช ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืžื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืœื ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื”:

ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื” ื•ืœื•ื” ืคืจืง ื™ื“ ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื“
ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื•ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ื• ืœื”ืคืจืข ื‘ื• ืžืžืš ื•ื”ืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืคืจืขืชื™ื• ื•ืžืžื ื™ ื ืคืœ, ืื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ืžื• ื–ื” ื ืฉื‘ืข ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื“ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื—ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ื™ืฉื‘ืข ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื“ืžื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื—ืฆื™ื™ืŸ [ืง] ื•ื™ืฉืœื ื”ืœื•ื” ืžื—ืฆื”, ื•ืื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ืžื• ื™ืฉื‘ืข ื”ืœื•ื” ื”ื™ืกืช ืฉืคืจืขื• ื•ื™ืœืš ืœื•

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืืŸ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืขื ืจืฉื‘"ื’ ืฉืœืคื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืคื ื‘ืขืœืžื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ื.

ืืš ืžืื™ื“ืš ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจืฉื‘"ื’ ืžืชื‘ืืจืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืขืฆื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ, ืฉื ื ืžืฆืืช ื ืคืฉื• ืฉื›ืขืช ืžื•ื ื—ืช ืœืคื ื™ื ื•.


1 ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื” ื•ืœื•ื” ืคืจืง ื™ื“ ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื“ โ€“ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืคืก ืœืชื•ืจืฃ ืืœื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื ื™ื ืื“ื•ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ื›ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื–"ืœ. ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืจืกื ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื.
ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื” ื•ืœื•ื” ืคืจืง ื™ื“ ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื“ โ€“ [ืง] ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืœืคืกื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื™ื—ืœื•ืงื• ื“ืงืืžืจ ืœื“ืžื™ ื ื™ื™ืจื ื•ืฆ"ืข ืข"ื›:
2 ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื•ื™ ื—ืœืง ื’ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื‘ โ€“ ื“ื”ืืจื™ืš ื›ืืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ื›ืชื ื“ืืžืจ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ืžื• ื•ื”ื›ื ืžืคืจืฉ ื˜ืขืžื• ืžืืŸ ืžืฉื•ื™' ืœื™' ืฉื˜ืจื ื›ื•'.
3 ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆืช ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ื– ืขืžื•ื“ ื ืจื“ื‘"ื– โ€“ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื•. ืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ ื“ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื” ืœื™ื” ืœืžื™ืžืจ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื—ื•ืชืžื•ืช ืฉื˜ืจ ื“ืœื™ืฉื ื ืžืฉืžืข ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื•.

4 ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืจืš:
ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืœ"ื‘ [ืข"ื‘] ืื™ืชื ื•ืœื˜ืขืžื™ืš ืชืงืฉื™ ืœืš ืžืชื ื™' ืฉื˜ืจื™ ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืื™ ืก"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื ืืžืื™ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื›ื•' ืืจ"ื— ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื—ื“ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื—ื“ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื—ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ื•ืž"ื˜ ืืžืจื• ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื ืขื•ืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืœื•ื™ืŸ, ื•ืงืฉื” ืœืคื™"ื– ืžื”ื ื“ืชื ืŸ ื‘ื’ื˜ื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืค"ื• [ืข"ื] ื“ื’ื˜ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืื ื ื™ืฉืืช ื”ื•ืœื“ ื›ืฉืจ, ื•ืงืฉื” ื“ื”ืจื™ ื”ืชื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืœื ื”ื’ื˜ ืคืกื•ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืืžืื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื“ ืžืžื–ืจ, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื” ื–ืืช ื”ื ืžื•ืงื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื•ืชื™ืจืฅ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืืคืงืขื™ื ื”ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ื”. ื•ืื›ืชื™ ืงืฉื” ืœืคื™"ื– ืžื”ื ื“ืงืืžืจ ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ื’ื˜ื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ื™"ื– [ืข"ื] ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ืชืงื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื’ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉื ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ืช ืื—ื•ืชื• ืื• ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ืจื™, ื•ืงืฉื” ื•ื”ืœื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื“ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™ ืคืกื•ืœ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืงืฉื” ืžื”ื ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ"ื ื“ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœื ืชืงื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ืš ืชืงื ืชื ื“ืฉืžื ื™ื—ืคื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ืจื™, ื•ืงืฉื” ื“ื”ืจื™ ืื›ืชื™ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ืงืฉื” ืžื”ื ื“ืื™ืชื ืฉื ื“ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ืฉื™ื—ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื”ืœื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื•ื"ื› ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•. ื•ื‘ื”ื ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ื”ื "ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืืคืงืขื™ื ื”ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ื”, ื“ื”ืœื ืื ื’ื ืืคืงืขื™ื ื”ื• ืœื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื”ืžืคืงื™ืจ ืขื‘ื“ื• ื“ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื˜ ืฉื™ื—ืจื•ืจ, ื•ืื ื ื™ืžื ื“ืืคืงืขื™ื ื”ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื“ ืžืขื•ืœื, ื"ื› ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื’ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื“ื”ืœื ื’ื™ื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืจืง ืœืฉื ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœืฉื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื—ืกืจ ืœื• ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ื‘ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืช ื—ืกืจ ืœื• ื”ื ื“ืœืฉื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื’ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื”ื ืงื™ื™"ืœ ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืž"ื— ื“ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ื•ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืœื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื•, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื“, ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื“ืœื ืืคืงืขื™ื ื”ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ื”, ื•ื"ื› ืืžืื™ ื"ืฆ ื–ืžืŸ. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื›ืžื” ื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื›ื ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ืชื ืŸ ื‘ื’ื˜ื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ื™"ื– ื“ื ื—ืชื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื›ืฉืจ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืงื™"ืœ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื”.
ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื“ื–ื” ื“ืงืืžืจ ื”ื’ืž' ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื—ืงืจื” ืขื“ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘"ื“, ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœ ืขื™ืงืจ ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ื“ืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืช ืขื“ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘"ื“, ื•ื”ื›ื ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘"ื“ ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘"ื“ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ื•ื, ื“ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืืžืจ ืืœื ื‘ื‘"ื“ ืื™ืš ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืขื“ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืžืื—ืจ ื“ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘"ื“, ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื“ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื—ืงืจื” ืขื“ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘"ื“, ื“ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืช ืขื“ื•ืช. ื•ื”ื ื“ืคืจื™ืš ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื˜"ื— ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ืŸ ืืžืื™ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื”ืชื ืงืื™ ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืจื™ ืจืื™ื”, ื“ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ื›ืœืœ, ืจืง ื“ื™ืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืœืžืขืœื” ื‘ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืจ ืคืจื™ืš ื”ื’ืž' ืืžืื™ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ืžืฉื"ื› ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื™ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ื—ืจื•ืจ ื•ืงื ื™ืŸ, ื“ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืจ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื–ืžืŸ. ืขื›"ืค ื ืชื‘ืืจ, ื“ื”ื ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ืž' ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื—ืงืจื” ืขื“ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘"ื“, ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื–ื” ื“ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืชื”, ื•ื’ื ื ืชื‘ืืจ ื“ื–ื” ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื™ ืงื ื™ืŸ, ื“ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื™ ืจืื™ื”, ื•ืœืคื™"ื– ืฉืคื™ืจ ืคืกืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืš ืคืกื•ืœื ื“ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื, ื“ื–ื”ื• ื’"ื› ืคืกื•ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืช ืขื“ื•ืช, ื“ืฉื˜ืจื™ ืจืื™ื” ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื”ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื, ื•ืœื ืชืงืฉื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืงื ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ื—ืจื•ืจ ื“ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ืœื ืคืกืœื™ื ืŸ ืœื”ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื, ื“ื”ืชื ื”ืœื ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืช ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื”ื• ื’ื ืคืกื•ืœื ื“ืžืคื™ ื›ืชื‘ื ื’"ื›.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *