ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื•

ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืจ
ื›ืดื– ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื’
 
27/06/2003

ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื•

ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— ื ืคืชื—ืช ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ "ื•ื™ืงื— ืงืจื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ืฆื”ืจโ€ฆ"1, ืืš ืœื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืžื” ืœืงื—โ€ฆ
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืชื•ืืจ ื”ื“ื• ืฉื™ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื•, ื•ืื– ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืคื ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”2:

ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ืงืจื— ืฉืžืขื• ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™. ื”ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืชื›ื ืžืขื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืชื›ื ืืœื™ื• ืœืขื‘ื“ ืืช ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”' ื•ืœืขืžื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืขื“ื” ืœืฉืจืชื. ื•ื™ืงืจื‘ ืืชืš ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ืš ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™ ืืชืš ื•ื‘ืงืฉืชื ื’ื ื›ื”ื ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืืชื” ื•ื›ืœ ืขื“ืชืš ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”' ื•ืื”ืจืŸ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ืชืœื™ื ื• ืขืœื™ื•.

ืžื” ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•?
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ โ€“ "ืœื›ืŸโ€ฆ" ื•ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื” ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื”โ€ฆ3
ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืคื•ื ื” ืœื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื•ืื– ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื”ืคืกื•ืง4: "ื•ื™ื—ืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืžืื“ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืœ ื”' ืืœ ืชืคืŸ ืืœ ืžื ื—ืชืโ€ฆ" โ€“ ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื "ืžื ื—ื”" ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ื”ื ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื• ื•ืœื ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื. ืื ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื• ืžื ื—ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง?5
ื ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืœืื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืฉื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืฉื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœื• ืืœ ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื•6:

ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ืงืจื— ืืชื” ื•ื›ืœ ืขื“ืชืš ื”ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”'โ€ฆ ื•ืงื—ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžื—ืชืชื• ื•ื ืชืชื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงื˜ืจืชโ€ฆ

ืœืฉื ืžื” ื”ื›ืคื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื”ืจื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื ืืžืจื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื•'-ื–'?
ืžืฉื” ืคื•ื ื” ืœืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื• ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ โ€“ "ืจื‘ ืœื›ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™", "ืฉืžืขื• ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™"7 โ€“ ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืžืงื•ื“ื, ืงืจื— ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ืœื•ื™! ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืก' ื' ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงืจื—, "ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื™ืื‘ ื•ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืคืœืช ืžื‘ื ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ". ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ื›ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ8 ืฉืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื ืงืจื— ื”ื ืœื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื˜ืขื ืชื ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื”ืจื•ืŸ โ€“ "ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื•ืžืฉื” ืžืขืฆืžื• ื—ืœืง ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืื—ื™ื•".
ืืš ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ ื•ื“ื•ื—ื” ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉืœืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช:
ื. ื•ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืžืฉืจืชื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื• ืžืืชื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉื™ื ืงืจื•ืื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืžืจื™ ืžื‘ืขื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื ื•ืžืœื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”'.
ื‘. ื•ืืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ืžืžื—ืจืช ืœืืžืจ "ืืชื ื”ืžื™ืชื ืืช ืขื ื”'" (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื™"ื–, ื•'), ื›ื™ ืœื ืžืช ืœื”ื ืžืช ืจืง ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื”ืจืŸ.
ื’. ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืคื™ืจืฉ "ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" (ืคืกื•ืง ื‘'), ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื, ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ืงืฉื”, ืื ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื“ื•ืข ืงืจื ืœื”ื ืžืฉื” "ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™"? ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ:

ืื‘ืœ ื˜ืขื ืจื‘ ืœื›ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืงืจื— ื”ื™ื” ืžืคืชื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื”ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืžืจ (ืคืกื•ืง ื’') "ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื“ื” ื›ื•ืœื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื", ื•ืžืฉื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžืชื• ื’ืœื” ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ืฆื•ืขืง, ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื“ื™ ืœื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื˜ื• "ืจื‘ ืœื›ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™", ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื•ืืžืจ "ืฉืžืขื• ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™" ืœืงืจื— ื’ื“ื•ืœื, ื•ื–ื” ื˜ืขื "ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ืงืจื—" (ืคืกื•ืง ื—'), ืื‘ืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™, ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžืชื• ืคื™ื•ืก ืœื• ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื ื™ืžืฉืš ืื“ื ืžื”ื ืื—ืจื™ื•.

ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉืงืจื— ืืกืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ืžืฉื” ื•ืžื’ืœื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื™ ืงืจื— ื ืขืฉื• ืžืชื•ืš ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ืงืจื— ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื”ืŸ, ื•ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื“ืื’ื” ืœื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื (ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืจืžื™ื–ื”, ืื–ื™ ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืจืžื– ืืœ ืงืจื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืœื•ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืืžืจ ื–ืืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ืŸ ืคื ื” ืืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื).
ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื, ื’ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ื ืกื” ืœืชืช ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืื—ืจ.
ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื•ืขื“ืช ืงืจื—, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ โ€“ "ื•ื™ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ืขื“ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžื—ืจืช ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ืขืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืœืืžืจ ืืชื ื”ืžึดืชื ืืช ืขื ื”'"9. ื”ืื ื”ื ืœื ืœืžื“ื• ืœืงื— ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคื—ื“ื•?

ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืฉื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช, ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•: "ื•ื™ืฆื ืžืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ืช ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืจืื• ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžื˜ื”ื•"10. ืื ืžืฉื” ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื”ื ืจืื• ืื•ืชื•. ืœืฉื ืžื” ื–ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ?
ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื: "ื•ื™ืจืื• โ€“ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“". ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืจืื” ืื™ื–ื” ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื•. ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฉื”, ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื”ื ืจืื• ืื™ื–ื” ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœื”ื, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ืœื‘ื“?
ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ื™ืงื—ื•", ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืง?
ืกืคื•ืจื ื• โ€“ "ื•ื™ืจืื• ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžื˜ื”ื• โ€“ ืœื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžื ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืžื ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ". ื”ืขื ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื”ืœืš ื—ืœืง, ื•ื”ื ื—ืฉื“ื• ืฉืžื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื™ื™ืคื• ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช.
ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ.

ื ื ืกื” ืœืกืงื•ืจ ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืžืฉืœื‘ ื”ื—ื–ืงืช ื”ืžื—ืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื (ืคืกื•ืง ื™"ื—). ื›ืœ ื”ืขื“ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืคืชื— ื”ืื•ื”ืœ ืขื ื”ืžื—ืชื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื›ื”โ€ฆ ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ืงืื˜ ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ืชืŸ ืื‘ื™ืจื (ืคืกื•ืง ื›"ื’), ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืกืจื™ื ืžืขืœ ืื”ืœื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื”ืื“ืžื” ืคื•ืชื—ืช ืืช ืคื™ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืกืคื™ืงื” ืœื”ืชื›ืกื•ืช ื—ื–ืจื”โ€ฆ ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืขื“ืช ืงืจื— ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื›ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžื—ืชื•ืช. ืจืง ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื’ื™ืข ืคืกื•ืง ืœ"ื”: "ื•ืืฉ ื™ืฆืื” ืžืืช ื”' ื•ืชืื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ืžืฉื™ื ื•ืžืืชื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืจืช".
ื”ืื ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื? ื•ืื ืœื, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืš?

ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื ื ืกื” ืœืกื›ื ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื”. ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ11 ื•ืื‘ืŸ- ืขื–ืจื12 ื”ื™ื• ืžื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื˜ืขื ื• ืœืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื”ื, ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ืขื ื˜ืขื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ืงืจื— ืฉื”ืชืงื ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ.
ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช โ€“ ืงืจื— ื•ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืชื•, ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”' ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื "ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืชืชื ืฉืื• ืขืœ ืงื”ืœ ื”'". ืœืขื•ืžืชื, ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื›ื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ โ€“ "ื”ืžืขื˜ ื›ื™ ื”ืขืœื™ืชื ื• ืžืืจืฅ ื–ื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ืœื”ืžื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ืชืฉืชืจืจ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ื”ืฉืชืจืจ".
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืงืจื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ. ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ืœื ืชื™ืขืœื ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชื. ืื•ืœื ืœื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื—. ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื— ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ื—ื“ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื”.
ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ13 ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”. ืืœื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื›ื•ืœื ืฉืžืจื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื•ืกื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื, ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื•ืœื ื›ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช โ€“ "ื›ืฉื ืฉืจืคื• ื‘ืืฉ ืชื‘ืขืจื” ื•ืžืชื• ื‘ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ื” ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ืื• ื‘ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ืœื ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžืฉื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ื’ื–ืจื” ืžื”ื, ื•ืžืชื• ื ืฉื™ืื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ืคื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”', ื•ื ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืฉื™ืชืžื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืฉื ื™ืžื•ืชื•, ืื– ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืคืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืžืจื”". ื‘ืขืช ื›ื–ืืช, ื›ืฉื”ืขื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื“ื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืืจื›ื™ื ืœืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืžื•ืช ืฉื, ืขืœ ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื–ื” ืžืฆื ืงืจื— ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืืช ื˜ืขื ื•ืชื™ื•14.

ืื ื›ืŸ, ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืงืจื— ื•ื ื ืกื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื•.
ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืงืจื— ื•ืžืืชื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ืชื• ืืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื "ืžื“ื•ืข ืชืชื ืฉืื•โ€ฆ". ื•ืžืฉื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื โ€“ "ื•ื™ืฉืžืข ืžืฉื” ื•ื™ืคืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื•"15 โ€“ ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืฉื” ืžื ืกื” ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ืื•ืžืจื• ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ "ืงื—ื• ืœื›ื ืžื—ืชื•ืช", ื•ื”ืจื•ืฉื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืขืก. ืฉื›ืŸ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžื•ืคื™ืข "ื•ื™ื—ืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืžืื“"16. ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืขื“ ื›ื” ืœื ื›ืขืก. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื” ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืจืคื• ื‘ืืฉ ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื.
ืžืฉื” ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื, ืืš ืจืฆื” ืœื‘ืจืจ ืื™ืชื ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœืฉืจื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ืืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจืจ ืืช ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืจ ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ืืœื ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืขืžื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื™ื, ืžื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžื”ืฉืืจ, ืืช ืžื™ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ื”' ื•ื™ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืœื™ื•, ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืช ืงื•ืœ ืฉืชืฆื ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื.
ืื•ืœื ื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืจื•ืฉื ืฉื”ืขื ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื–ืืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื17 "ืฉืžืขื• ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื•ื™, ื”ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ืโ€ฆ ืœื›ืŸ ืืชื” ื•ื›ืœ ืขื“ืชืš ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”'โ€ฆ" โ€“ ื›ืขืช ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื”. ืžืฉื” ืžืฆื“ื™ืง ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืืช ื”ืขื ืืœื ืฉืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื–ื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื, ื•ืื ืงืจื— ื•ืขื“ืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืื–ื™ ื”ื ื ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”' ืฉืงื‘ืข ื–ืืช.
ืืœื ืฉื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืงืจื— ืืกืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืจืง ื›ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื’ื•ื— ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื”ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ืืกืคื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขืฆืžื•.

ืœืขื•ืžืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื–ืืช, ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืžืฉื” ืžืฉืงืจ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื˜ืขื ื” ื’ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”'. ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ืคืขื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžืช, ืœื›ืŸ "ื•ื™ื—ืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืžืื“". ื•ืื– ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื’ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื–ื• ื‘ืื” ื‘ืฉื ืงืจื—โ€ฆ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ื•ืžืฆืจืฃ ืืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื.
ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉืžืฆื™ืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื’ื ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•ืขืœ ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืคื•ื ื” ืžืฉื” ืืœ ื”' ื•ืื•ืžืจ "ืืœ ืชืคืŸ ืืœ ืžื ื—ืชื", ืžื ื—ืชื ืฉืœ ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื›ืคืจ ื’ื ืขืœ ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื. ื›ืขืช ืžืฉื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืฉื”ื ื‘ืื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”'. ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืคื” ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืคื•ื›ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”'.
ื›ืขืช ืžืฉื” ืœื ืžืฆืคื” ืฉืชืฆื ื‘ืช ืงื•ืœ ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื•ื ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืืœ ืงืจื— ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ืชื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™. ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: "ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืฉ ื•ืฉื™ืžื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืงื˜ืจืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”'"18 ื•ืื™ืœื• ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืฉ: "ื•ืงื—ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžื—ืชืชื• ื•ื ืชืชื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงื˜ืจืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ืชื ืœืคื ื™ ื”'"19. ื›ืขืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ โ€“ ื”ืืฉ ืชืจื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื. ืžื™ ืฉืจืื•ื™, ื”ืืฉ ืชืื›ืœ ืืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉืœื•, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™, ื”ืืฉ ืชืื›ืœ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื ืœื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืœื›ืš, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ืืฉ ื‘ืžื—ืชื”.

ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื— ื ืขืœืžืช ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฅ ืžืฆื“ ืœืฆื“. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืขื ืžืืชื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื“ื” ืืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื” ื’ื ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื20 โ€“ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื— ืœืขืจื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืกืง ื•ืœืื—ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉื” ื™ื—ื“. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ. ื•ื›ืขืช ื›ืฉืงืจื— ืจืฅ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืื ืงืจื— ื ืขื ืฉ ืขื ื”ืฉืจื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื• ืขื ื”ื‘ืœื•ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืขื ื–ื”. ื•ื‘ืื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ ื•ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• โ€“ "ื”ื ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืจื— ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืœื•ืขื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืจื•ืคื™ืŸ"21.

ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืœื ืขื–ืจื” ืœื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ื•ื’ื ืœื ืœืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื”. ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืžืฉื” ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื•, ืืœื ืฉืžื›ืจื— ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ. ื•ื›ืขืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžื”ื™ ื”ืืžืช:

ื•ื™ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ืขื“ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžื—ืจืช ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ืขืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืœืืžืจ ืืชื ื”ืžื™ืชื ืืช ืขื ื”'.

ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืฉื” ืื•ืžืจ, ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœื”ื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ืก. ืื‘ืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืžืฉื›ืŸ.
ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ื•ืœื ืขื“ ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช. ืžืฉื” ื™ื›ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ. ืืœื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื. ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ื ื” ืืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ืืœื: "ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืงื— ืžืืชื ืžื˜ื” ืžื˜ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ ืžืืช ื›ืœ ื ืฉื™ืื”ืโ€ฆ"22. ื›ืขืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ื•ื™ืฆื ืžืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ืช ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืจืื• ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžื˜ื”ื•"23 ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืคืขืœื™ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ืจืื• โ€“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืงื—ื• โ€“ ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื, ืื• ืฉืžื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืืœื• ืฉืœืงื—ื•?
ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช. ืœืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื—ื• ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื›ื•ื—ื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจื•ืŸ. ื•ืื– ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉื” ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ืžื˜ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื, ืžื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืจื—ืช ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจื•ืŸ โ€“ ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉื”ืžื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื”, ืืœื ืฉื”ื ื’ื ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืคื ื™ ื”'. ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ื™ืงื— ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœื• ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜, ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื–ื” ืžื›ื— ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจื•ืŸ. ืœื ื ื•ืฆืจื” ื”ืชืจืกื” ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืคืจื— ื•ื”ืฉืืจ ืœื? ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืขื ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืžืฉื›ืŸ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืขื ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข.


1 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜"ื–, ื'. ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืœื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจ โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ.
2 ื˜"ื–, ื—'-ื™"ื.
3 ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ื›"ื–, ื™"ื’) "ืœื•ืœื ื”ืืžื ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”' ื‘ืืจืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื" โ€“ ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื’ื•ื ื– ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืื ืœื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ืื™. ืืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ืื ื• ื ืฆื™ืข ื›ืืŸ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื•ื ื”.
4 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜"ื–, ื˜"ื•.
5 ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” "ืืœ ืชืคืŸ ืืœ ืžื ื—ืชื" ืืœ ืชืคืŸ ืืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืœืคื ื™ืš ื•ืืœ ืชืคืœื” ืฉื™ืชืคืœืœื• ืœืš, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื’ื ื”ืชืคืœื” ื™ืงืจืื• ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘", ื•ืงืฆืช ืงืฉื”, ืฉืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ืขืžื“ื• ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ.
6 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜"ื–, ื˜"ื–-ื™"ื–.
7 ืฉื ื˜"ื–, ื–'-ื—'.
8 ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื˜"ื–, ื”'.
9 ื™"ื–, ื•'.
10 ื™"ื–, ื›"ื“.
11 ื˜"ื–, ื' โ€“ "ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ื”ื ืงื”ืœื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื”".
12 ื˜"ื–, ื' โ€“ "ื•ื–ื” ืจืžื– ืœื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื›ื™ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื ื’ืฉื™ื ืืœ ื”' ื•ื”ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื“ื”".
13 ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ (ื˜"ื–, ื'): "โ€ฆื•ื”ื ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ืœื ืื™ืจืข ืœื”ื ืฉื•ื ืจืขื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื’ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื˜ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืžืชื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื, ื•ื ืฆืœื• ื‘ืชืคืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืฉื”ืชื ืคืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื ืคืฉื ื•ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืžื•ืจื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ืกื•ืงืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกื‘ืœ ืงืจื— ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืกื‘ืœื• ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืžืขืœืช ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื ืืœ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคืืจืŸ ื•ื ืฉืจืคื• ื‘ืืฉ ืชื‘ืขืจื” ื•ืžืชื• ื‘ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ื” ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ืื• ื‘ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ืœื ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžืฉื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ื’ื–ืจื” ืžื”ื, ื•ืžืชื• ื ืฉื™ืื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ืคื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”', ื•ื ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืฉื™ืชืžื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืฉื ื™ืžื•ืชื•, ืื– ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืคืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืžืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื”ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉื” ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื•ืื– ืžืฆื ืงืจื— ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื•ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขื• ืืœื™ื• ื”ืขื ื•ื–ื” ื˜ืขื "ืœื”ืžื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ", ืืžืจื• ื”ื ื” ื”ื‘ืืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื ื• ืžื” ืฉื ื“ืจืช ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืืจืฅ ื–ื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืชืช ืœื ื• ื ื—ืœื” ื›ืœืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื–ืจืขื ื• ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ื“ืจืช ืœื”ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื–ื” ื˜ืขื ืชืœื•ื ืชื ื”ื ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื’ื–ืจืช ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ืžื™ื“โ€ฆ".
14 ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื•ืฉืœื ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืชื• ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืžื™ืกื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื ื–ื”, ืืœื ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ื’ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ืคืจื—ื” ื•ืกื™ื’ืกื’ื” ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืชื• ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื”ื ืคื™ืœื•ืช โ€“ ืื– ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืขื ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื˜ ื›ืœืคื™ ืจื—ื‘ืขื ื‘ื ื•. "โ€ฆ ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจื• ืืœ ืจื—ื‘ืขื ืœืืžืจ, ืื‘ื™ืš ื”ืงืฉื” ืืช ืขืœื ื• ื•ืืชื” ืขืชื” ื”ืงืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ืื‘ื™ืš ื”ืงืฉื” ื•ืžืขืœื• ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ืš"(ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ื' ื™"ื‘, ื’'-ื“').
15 ื˜"ื–, ื“'. ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžืฉื” ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื–ืง โ€“ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™"ื‘, ื’') โ€“ "ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืฉื” ืขื ื• ืžืื“ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื”".
16 ื˜"ื–, ื˜"ื•.
17 ื˜"ื–, ื—'-ื™"ื.
18 ื˜"ื–, ื–'.
19 ื˜"ื–, ื™"ื–.
20 ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฆืจืš ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” (ื˜"ื–, ื›"ื•) โ€“ "ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื“ื” ืœืืžืจ ืกื•ืจื• ื ื ืžืขืœ ืื”ืœื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ื”ืืœื”โ€ฆ".
21 ืกืคืจื™ ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— ืคืกืงืื•ืช ื‘', ื“'. ื•ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืง"ื™. ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืืช ื“ืขืช ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ "ืงืจื— ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืœื•ืขื™ื ื•ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืจื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืœื•ืขื™ืŸ". ื™ืฉื ื• ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืคื ื—ืก ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืงืจื— ื ื‘ืœืข ื‘ืื“ืžื” (ื›"ื•, ื™') ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœืคืจืฉ ืฉืงืจื— ื ื‘ืœืข ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืขืจ.
22 ื™"ื–, ื™"ื–.
23 ื™"ื–, ื›"ื“.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *