ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืžืŸ ื”- ? ืืœ ื”- 1

ื”ืจื‘ ืชืžื™ืจ ื›ื”ืŸ
ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื”
 
18/09/2005

ืžืŸ ื”- ? ืืœ ื”- 1

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื”?

ื‘ึผึฐืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ื‘ึผึธืจึธื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึตืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐืึตืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ:
ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืชึนื”ื•ึผ ื•ึธื‘ึนื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื—ึนืฉืึถืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืชึฐื”ื•ึนื ื•ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึท ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืžึฐืจึทื—ึถืคึถืช ืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืžึผึธื™ึดื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืื•ึนืจ ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืื•ึนืจ:
ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึธืื•ึนืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึตืœ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื”ึธืื•ึนืจ ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื—ึนืฉืึถืšึฐ:
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืœึธืื•ึนืจ ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึฐืœึทื—ึนืฉืึถืšึฐ ืงึธืจึธื ืœึธื™ึฐืœึธื”
ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึถืจึถื‘ ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึนืงึถืจ ื™ื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธื“:

ื”ืจื•ืฉื ื”ื ื•ืฆืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื ืขืชื™ืจื™ ืกื•ื“. ืœื ืจืง ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืžื•ืœ ืคืœื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื–ื•, ืืœื ืืฃ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืจื•ืžื–ืช ืœื ื• ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื ืชื™ืฉืืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืืชื ื• ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืืŸ ืœื—ืชื•ืจ ื•ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื”. ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”: "ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืจื", ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžื‘ื•ื›ื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืชืงืฃ ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• (ื”ืืจื•ืš) ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื–ื”:

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืจื โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื”ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืืœื ื“ืจืฉื ื™โ€ฆ ื•ืื ื‘ืืช ืœืคืจืฉื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืš ืคืจืฉื”ื• ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืืช ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื”ื• ื•ื‘ื”ื• ื•ื—ืฉืš ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืœื”ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ ืื•ืจ. ื•ืœื ื‘ื ื”ืžืงืจื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืืœื• ืงื“ืžื•, ืฉืื ื‘ื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืš, ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื’ื•', ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืงืจื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ื•ืง ืœืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•โ€ฆ ื•ืื ืชืืžืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉืืœื• ืชื—ืœื” ื ื‘ืจืื•, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืืœื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืžืงืจืื•ืช ืฉืžืงืฆืจื™ื ืœืฉื•ื ื ื•ืžืžืขื˜ื™ื ืชื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืชโ€ฆ ืื ื›ืŸ ืชืžื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืš, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืงื“ืžื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืจื•ื— ืืœื”ื™ื ืžืจื—ืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื’ืœื” ื”ืžืงืจื ื‘ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืžืชื™ ื”ื™ืชื”, ื”ื ืœืžื“ืช ืฉืงื“ืžื• ื”ืžื™ื ืœืืจืฅ. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ื ืžืืฉ ื•ืžื™ื ื ื‘ืจืื•, ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ืœื ืœื™ืžื“ ื”ืžืงืจื ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื ื›ืœื•ื:

ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœื”ืชืคืœืžืก ื•ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•, ื•ื›ืืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื. ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื•ืœืœ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื ืงื˜ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื—ืกืจ, ื•ืœื ืืžืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื” ื‘ืจื ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ื”ื™ื• ืคืจืฉื ื™ื ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ืืช, ืืš ืœื ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื—ืกื™ืจื” ืžื™ืœื”. ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืžื”ื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื—ืกืจื”? "ื”ื›ืœ", ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืข ืจืฉ"ื™, ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช?

ืฉืืœื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื•ื”ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื ืกื” ืœื‘ืจืจ:

* ืื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ื ื ื•ืฆืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™, ืขื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืจืงื™ืข, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืืจืฅ ืงื‘ืœื” ืืช ืฉืžื” ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืขื ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื”. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ?
* ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื‘' ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืืš ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ืžื“ื•ืข?
* ืžื”ื "ืคื ื™ ืชื”ื•ื" ื•ืžื”ื "ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื"? ื”ืื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื”ื•ื ืœืžื™ื?1
* ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžื•ืฉื’ื™ ื–ืžืŸ: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืœึธืื•ึนืจ ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึฐืœึทื—ึนืฉืึถืšึฐ ืงึธืจึธื ืœึธื™ึฐืœึธื”". ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ?
* ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื: "ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืœื”", ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš: "ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืขืจื‘", ื•ื”"ื™ื•ื" ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ื ืจืื” ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื. ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื•ืงื˜ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื?

ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ
ืคืกื•ืงื™ "ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช" ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืŸ ืืœ ื”ื™ืฉ. ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ื ืฉื’ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื™ืช!? ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืื ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ2:

ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึทืึปืžึฐื ึธื ื™ึตืฉืึตื‘ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึตื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ืœึนื ื™ึฐื›ึทืœึฐื›ึผึฐืœื•ึผืšึธ ืึทืฃ ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ืชึดื™.

ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืงื•ืžื•! ื•ื›ืš ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืจื•ื— ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืจื—ืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ืœื•ื ืžืœื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•!
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืคืขืจ ื”ืชื”ื•ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ, ืฉืขื ื›ืœ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื•, ืชืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื• ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช. ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื•ืจื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•.
ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืจื ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ". ืืš ืžื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ืฉื’ื‘? ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื‘ืจื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ื–ื”. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืœื•ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืืช ื‘ืจื•ืื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื: "ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ", ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœืžืžืฉืœืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ืืš ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื›ืš ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืคื•ืจืฆืช ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ: "ืืช ื”ื ืขืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘"3:

ืื™ืŸ ื›ื— ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืžืื™ืจื” ืœืขื•ืœืžื™ื ื›ื•ืœื, ืฉืžืฉ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ืคื ื•ืจื‘ื•ื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืชื ื”ื ืคืœืื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื, ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžื•ืช ืฉืœื•.

ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืš, ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœืชืืจ ืืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœื ื•. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืฉ. ื•ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช, ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื ื•. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื•ืงื˜ืช ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืžืงืจื ื—ืกืจ", ื•ืžืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช.

ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืŸ ืืœ ื”ื™ืฉ
ืืฃ ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืชื•, ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื•ืžื–ืช, ื‘ืฉืœ ื ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืŸ ืืœ ื”ื™ืฉ, ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ ืœืกื•ืคื™ ื•ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ, ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืคืจื“ื•ื›ืก: ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื, ืืช ื”ืฉืœื. ืืš ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ื‘ืœื™ ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื•ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื”. ืคืกื•ืงื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื“ื•ื›ืก.
ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื ืœืืจืฅ. ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืืš ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื›ืœ ืชืคื™ืกื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ.
ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืฉืืช ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืฉืืจืช ืจื™ืงื” ื•ื—ืกืจืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื—ืฉื›ื” ืื•ืคืคืช ืืช ืื•ืชื” ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื ื•ืชืงืช, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชืืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ: "ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื• ื•ื—ื•ืฉืš ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชื”ื•ื". "ืชื”ื•ื", ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ "ืชื•ื”ื•".
ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื•ืชื” ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื›ื— ืจื•ื— ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžืจื—ืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื. ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชืืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ: "ื•ืจื•ื— ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืจื—ืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื". "ืžื™ื", ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ "ืฉืžื™ื". ืืš ื”ืืจืฅ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช, ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื:

ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ โ€“ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช: "ื•ื—ื•ืฉืš ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชื”ื•ื". ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืงื™ื™ื, ืืš ื ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš, ื•ื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื–ื•. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™. ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืœื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื•ื“ืจื›ื• ืžืชื’ืœื” ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื™. ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ืคืจื“ื”: ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื ืงืจืื™ื: ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืขืจื‘. ื‘ืขืจื‘, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืชืขืจื‘ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื›ื”, ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืœ ื”ืชื•ื”ื•, ืืš ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” โ€“ ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื“ืจืš ืžื ื•ืช ืงืฆื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืชื’ืœื” ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืงืžืขื ืงืžืขื. ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ืจืื™ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื“ื”, ื‘ืืžืช ืื ื• ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืื—ื“: "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืขืจื‘ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“". ืžืŸ ื”- ? ืฉื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืื ื• ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ื”- 1.
ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื›ื ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”. ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื:

ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช: "ื•ืจื•ื— ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืจื—ืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื". ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—, ืืš ืœืœื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื "ืจื•ื— ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื", ืœื ืชื™ืชื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืจืงื™ืข, "ืžื ืžื™ื›ื”" ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืื•ืชื ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืžื™ื ื ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื”.
ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื—ืฆื™ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื— ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžืจื—ืคืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ: "ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘".

ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ โ€“ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช: "ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•". ืขืชื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืชืคื™ืกื”. ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื‘ืœื• ืžืœืžืขืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืงื™ืข, ื•ืืฃ ื”ื™ืงื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืœืžื˜ื”, ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“, ื™ื•ืฆืจืช "ืืจืฅ ื—ื“ืฉื”". ืœื ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ืช ืฉื ืคื’ืฉื ื• ืื™ืชื” ืงื•ื“ื, ืืœื ืืจืฅ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ืœื•ื™ื”, ื ืชืคืกืช, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืžืขืชื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืชื•ืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื“ืจื›ื ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื”ื‘ื•ืจื: "ืงื•ืœ ื”' ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื"4. ืขืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื”ืฆืžื™ื—, ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•.
ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช, "ืขืœืžื ื“ืคื™ืจื•ื“ื", ืืœ ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืชื•ืคื™ืข ื“ืจืš ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื5:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืœึนื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืื•ึนืจ ื™ึฐืงึธืจื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืงึดืคึผึธืื•ึนืŸ.
ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื™ื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธื“ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึดื•ึผึธื“ึทืข ืœึทื”'
ืœึนื ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืœึธื™ึฐืœึธื”
ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœึฐืขึตืช ืขึถืจึถื‘ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืื•ึนืจ.

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื™ึตืฆึฐืื•ึผ ืžึทื™ึดื ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืžึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื
ื—ึถืฆึฐื™ึธื ืึถืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื”ึทืงึผึทื“ึฐืžื•ึนื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื—ึถืฆึฐื™ึธื ืึถืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื”ึธืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึทืงึผึทื™ึดืฅ ื•ึผื‘ึธื—ึนืจึถืฃ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื”.
ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”' ืœึฐืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ

ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื
ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”' ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ืึถื—ึธื“.

ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืฉืš, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ืœืœื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืœืขืจื‘ ืชืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืช ืขืจื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจ. ืื–ื™ ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื ืชื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื—ื•ืœืง ื•ืžืคื•ืจื“, ืืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” "ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“".
ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืฆืื• ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช, ื•ืื– ืชื•ืคื™ืข ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื-ืœื•ืงื™ืช, ื‘ืืจืฅ: "ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”' ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉืžื• ืื—ื“".
ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ื ื ืกื” ืœืชืืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืจืฉื™ื:


1 ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: "ืชึผึฐื”ื•ึนื ืึถืœ ืชึผึฐื”ื•ึนื ืงื•ึนืจึตื ืœึฐืงื•ึนืœ ืฆึดื ึผื•ึนืจึถื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐื‘ึผึธืจึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื’ึทืœึผึถื™ืšึธ ืขึธืœึทื™ ืขึธื‘ึธืจื•ึผ" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืž"ื‘, ื—).
2 ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื—', ื›ื–.
3 ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื“', ื.
4 ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื™ื ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืขื ื-ืœื•ืงื™ื.
5 ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื™"ื“, ื•-ื˜.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *