ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืืชื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ื

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื’
 
22/05/2003

"ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืืชื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ื"

ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื ืื•ืžืจืช1:

ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืื—ื˜ื ื•ืืฉื•ื‘, ืื—ื˜ื ื•ืืฉื•ื‘, ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืื—ื˜ื ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืจ. ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืจ. ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืจ, ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•. ืืช ื–ื• ื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื™ื”, (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜"ื–) 'ืžื›ืœ ื—ื˜ืืชื™ื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืชื˜ื”ืจื•", ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืจ. ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื, ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืืชื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ืžื™ ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืืชื›ื, ืื‘ื™ื›ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ, (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœ"ื•) 'ื•ื–ืจืงืชื™ ืขืœื™ื›ื ืžื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื”ืจืชื'. ื•ืื•ืžืจ, (ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื™"ื–) 'ืžืงื•ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”", ืžื” ืžืงื•ื” ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื, ืืฃ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื™ื” ื•ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืฉืชื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืœืคื ื™ ื”'", ืืœื ืฉื”ืžืฉื ื” ืื•ืžืจืช "ืืžืจ ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื" ื•ืœื "ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืืžืจ", ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื™ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืื•ืชื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช. "ืžืงืจื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืคื ื™ื•".
"ืžื›ืœ ื—ื˜ืืชื™ื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”' โ€“ ืชื˜ื”ืจื•". ืจืง ืžื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืืชื ืžื™ื˜ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื, ืืš ืžื—ื˜ืื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœืคื™ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจ.
ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืืœื” ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช. "ืžืงืจื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•". "ืžื›ืœ ื—ื˜ืืชื™ื›ื โ€“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืชื˜ื”ืจื•". ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ื˜ื”ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”', ื•ื”' ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืืชื›ื.
ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื, ืฉื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช. ื™ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•, ืืฃ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ, ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืช. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื™ืœื”, ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™, ื•ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ, ืฉื ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ื”ื‘ืื” ืœืื—ืจ "ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื"2. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ืฉืžืขืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช.
ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉื•ืชื™ื, ืื ื• ืžืชื ืชืงื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืžืชืจื•ืžืžื™ื ืืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืžืžื ื” ืžืงืจื™ื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”.
ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื‘ืืจื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื3:

ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืคืชืจื™ืŸ ืงืจื ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื. 'ืื•ืจื™' ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, 'ื•ื™ืฉืขื™' ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื, 'ืžืžื™ ืื™ืจื', 'ืขื–ื™ ื•ื–ืžืจืช ื™ื”', 'ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ ืžืจืขื™ื', ืืœื• ืฉืจื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. 'ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื™' ืœืคื™ ืฉืฉืจื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื™ืŸ ื•ืžืงื˜ืจื’ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื•ืืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ืืœื• ืžื’ืœื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืืœื• ืžื’ืœื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื• ืฉื•ืคื›ื™ ื“ืžื™ื ื•ืืœื• ืฉื•ืคื›ื™ ื“ืžื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ืืœื• ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ืŸ ืœื’ื™ื”ื ื ื•ืืœื• ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ืŸ ืœื’ื™ื”ื ื, 'ืฆืจื™ ื•ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ืœื™' ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ืฉืก"ื” ื™ื•ื, 'ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ' ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืก"ื“, ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืžืงื˜ืจื’ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื˜ืจื’, ืืžืจื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” 'ืื ืชื—ื ื” ืขืœื™ ืžื—ื ื”' ืฉืœ ืกืžื"ืœ 'ืœื ื™ื™ืจื ืœื‘ื™', ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื ื™ 'ื‘ื–ืืช ื™ื‘ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืืœ ื”ืงื“ืฉ'.

ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืจืื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืจื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช, ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ืžืงื˜ืจื’ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืžื™ื, ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ืžืงื•ืœืงืœื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ื”ื.
ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืกืชืชื ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ โ€“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื‘ื” ื ืขื•ืฅ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื˜ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืœ ืชืคื™ืกื” ื•ื ื’ื™ืขื”. ืืžื ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื™ืฉ ื ืคื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื•ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ืืš ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื’ืœื” ื›ื™ ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื ื•. ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืืžืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื’ืชื ื• ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืงืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืืช ืžื”ื•ืชื ื•.
ืืฃ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืœื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžืขืœืชื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื–ื”.
ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: "ืžืฆื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ื ืžืขืœืชื” ื”ื–ื“ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื™ื—ื™ื”"4.
ืžืฆื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ โ€“ ืื™ื• ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืขืฉื”? ืื“ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ืจืข ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื˜ืœื• ื•ืœืžื•ื—ืงื•. ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืชืจื•ืžืžืช ืืœ ืžืขืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื—ื–"ืœ5:

'ืกื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื ืŸ ืœืš' ืจ' ื—ืœื‘ื• ืฉืืœ ืืช ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืืžืจ ืœื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœื™ืš ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืขืœ ืื’ื“ื”, ืžื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ืกื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื ืŸ ืœืš ืžืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืคืœื”' ืืžืจ ืœื• ื ืžืฉืœื” ืชืคืœื” ื›ืžืงื•ื” ื•ื ืžืฉืœื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื™ื, ืžื” ืžืงื•ื” ื–ื• ืคืขืžื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ืš ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืคืœื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืคืชื•ื— ื›ืš ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ืŸโ€ฆ ืืžืจ ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจ ื—ืœืคืชื ืขืชื™ื ื”ืŸ ืœืชืคืœื” ืฉื›ืš ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชืคืœืœ ืœืคื ื™ืš ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืคืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืฉืขืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืก"ื˜) 'ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคืœืชื™ ืœืš ื”' ืขืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ'.

ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื "ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืขื”", ื•ื”ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ โ€“ ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืชืคื™ืœื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื.
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ โ€“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื™ื ื ื ื ืขืœื™ื.
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”"ื™ื" โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ืžื‘ืืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”6:

ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืงื•ืจืขืช ื›ืœ ืฉื˜ืจื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื›ืœ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืงื˜ื™ื’ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืจืื• ืžืคื—ื“ ื”ืจืขื”. ื•ื”ืกื•ื“ ื ืžืจืฅ ื•ื”ื ืคืœื, ื›ื™ ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื™ืขืฅ ื•'ืžื™' ื™ืคืจ, ื•ื™ื“ื• ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื•'ืžื™' ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื ื” (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื™"), ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ื–ืขืžื• 'ืžื™' ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื•'ืžื™' ื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืŸ ืืคื• (ื ื—ื•ื ื'). ื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื ืงืจืืช 'ืžื™', ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืž'), ืฉืื• ืžืจื•ื ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื ื•ืจืื• 'ืžื™' ื‘ืจื ืืœื”, ืืช 'ืžื™' ื ื•ืขืฅ ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื• (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืž'), ื›ื™ 'ืžื™' ืืœ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื•ื ืงืจืื™ืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืžื™' ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’, ื–ื”ื• ืกื•ื“ 'ืžื™' ืคืขืœ ื•ืขืฉื” (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืž"ื). ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื–ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”, ื ืžืœื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ื‘ื ืฆื— ื•ื‘ื”ื•ื“ ืœืžื˜ื” ื”ื ืงืจืื™ื ืฆื‘ืื•ืช, ื•ื›ืฉืฆื“ื™ืง ืขื•ืœื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ืœืžืขืœื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ืงืจื ื‘ื˜ื•ืœ ื ื“ืจื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœื”. ื•ืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ (ืขื™' ืื™ื›"ืจ ื’, ืก) ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืกื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื ืŸ ื•ื’ื•', ืจ' ื—ื ื™ื ื ื‘ืจ ืคืคื ื‘ืขื ืงืžื™ื” ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœื™ืš ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืขืœ ืื’ื“ื”, ืžื”ื• ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืกื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื ืŸ ืœืš. ืืžืจ ืœื•, ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืคืœื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื, ื›ื”ื”ื™ื ื“ืืžืจ ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื ืขืชื™ื ื”ื ืœืชืคื™ืœื”, ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœืชื™ ืœืš ื”' ืขืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื ืžืฉืœื” ืœื™ื, ืžื” ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืคืชื•ื— ืืฃ ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืงืจืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืชืขืœื™ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœืžื˜ื”. ืืžื ื ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืงืจืื• ืœื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื“ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืฉื ื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื. ื”ืื—ื“ ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ ืืœื™ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ื—ืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื–ืš ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื ืžื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืžืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืชื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื ื”ืคืกืง, ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื ื—ืช ืชื•ืฉืขื•ืŸ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืœ'). ื•ื›ืฉื‘ืจื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืงื“ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื‘ืจืื• ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื ืืžืจ, ื‘ื˜ืจื ื”ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืœื“ื• ื•ื’ื•'. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื, ืœืคื™ ืฉื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ื• ืžื” ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ืœื›ืš ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืœื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉืื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื˜ืื• ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ, ื”ืœื ืื ืชื˜ื™ื‘ ืฉืืช. ื–ื”ื• ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ (ื‘"ืจ ื™ื‘, ื˜ื•), ื›ืฉื‘ืจื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ืขืœื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื‘ืจื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ืจืื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื•, ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืžื“ืช ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ืฉืชืคื” ืขื ืžื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื•ืžื“ืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ื•ื”ืกืœื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืœื›ืš ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืœื• ืœืื“ื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื—ื•ืœ ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”.

ื ื‘ืืจ ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœ"ื”.
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”"ื™ื", ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื ืืœ ื”"ืžื™", ืฉืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ืžื™ โ€“ ืžื™ืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืžืจืžื–ืช ืขืœ ืžืขืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ืฉืžืขืœ ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืฉื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื”7.
"ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื™ืขืฅ ื•ืžื™ ื™ืคืจ". ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉืืœื”, ืืœื ืงื‘ื™ืขื”. "ืžื™" โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื™ืคืจ ืืช ืขืฆืช ื”'. ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ืžื™" ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืคืจ ืืช ืขืฆืช ื”', ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืขืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”8.
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ ืœืžืงื•ืจื• โ€“ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจื™ื, ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€“ ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืœืžืงื•ืจื”, ืœืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื ืงื™ ืžืžื ื• ื™ืฆืื”.
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืงื“ืžื” ืœืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขืœ ืœืขื•ืœื. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืฉื™ืชืฃ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ืขื ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื˜ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืขื•ื ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™. ืžื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื? ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ื•"ื”ืขืœืžืช ืขื™ืŸ" ืžื—ื˜ืื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. "ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื•ืชืจืŸ ื™ื•ื•ืชืจื• ืžืขื•ื”ื™".
ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชื ืช ืงื™ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื9.
ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืชื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ื” ืคืชื—ื ื•:

ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืืชื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ื, ื•ืžื™ ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืืชื›ื.

ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื, ืืœื ืงื‘ื™ืขื” โ€“ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ื˜ื”ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”"ืžื™", ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืžืขืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื•ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


1 ืค"ื— ืž"ื˜.
2 ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืžื”ื•ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ืื ื• ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืชืงื™ืขืช ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ.
3 ื•ื™ืงืจื ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื›"ื, ื“'.
4 ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™"ื, ื'.
5 ืื™ื›ื” ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื’', ื˜"ื•.
6 ืฉืœ"ื” ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื, "ื•ื”ืชื•ื“ื• ืืช ื—ื˜ืืชื".
7 "ืžื™" ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืขืœ ืœืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืชืฉืข ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.
8 ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ืคืชื— ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช "ื›ืœ ื ื“ืจื™", ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื ื“ืจื™ื โ€“ ื”ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ืชืจืช ืœืื“ื ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืกื•ืจื” ืœื• โ€“ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
9 ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื“', ื”ืžื‘ืืจ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื, ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื”.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *