ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืดื— ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื
 
25/12/2000

ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ1 ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ:

'ื”ืงื‘ืฆื• ื•ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘' โ€“ โ€ฆืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื•ื™ ืืžืจ ืžื›ืืŸ ื–ื›ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื ืคื˜ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืงืจื ืœืฉื ื™ื-ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืžืขื• ืืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืื‘ื™ื›ื, ืฉืžื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื›ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ืืžืจื• ืœื•: ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื›ืฉื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ืš ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืืœื ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื ื• ื”' ืื—ื“. ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืคื™ืจืฉ ื‘ืฉืคืชื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“.

ืžื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžืฉืžืข, ืฉืžื—ืฉืฉื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉื”ื ืื™ื ื ืขื™ืžื• ื‘ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”' ืืžืจ "ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ืฉืฉ ืžื–ืืช?

ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ืฉ ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื•ื“ืจืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืชื•. ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืจืื” ื›ืคื™ืจื•ื“ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืœืš ืœื“ืจื›ื• ื•ื™ืคืจื“ ืžืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื•, ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ".

ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื›ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• โ€“ "ืื™ืฉ ื›ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ื‘ื™ืจืš ืื•ืชื".
ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื”ืžื“ืจืฉ2:

ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ื•ื’ื•'- ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื" ื•ืžื” ืช"ืœ "ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื" ืืœื ืœืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืืจื™ื” ื“ืŸ ื‘ื ื—ืฉ ื ืคืชืœื™ ื‘ืื™ืœื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ืื‘ ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื›ืœืœืŸ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื›ืื—ื“ ื•ืขืฉืืŸ ืืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืฉืืŸ ื ื—ืฉื™ื ืชื“ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืŸ "ื™ื”ื™ ื“ืŸ ื ื—ืฉ" ื•ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจื ืื•ืชื• ืืจื™ื” ื”ื”"ื“ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ"ื’) "ื“ืŸ ื’ื•ืจ ืืจื™ื”" ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉื™ืจื”"ืฉ ื“') "ื›ื•ืœืš ื™ืคื” ืจืขื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืš".

ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืืช ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืืจ ืขืค"ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื—"ืœ3:

ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”', ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ื”', ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืœืคื ื™ื•-ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš. ื•ื”ืคืจื• ืจ"ืœ: ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืžืชืคืฉื˜ืช ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื” ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืžืžืขืฉื” ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ื”ื•ืŸ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืœืžื˜ื”, ื”ื ื” ืื– ื ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื—ืœืงื•, ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืคืข ื›ืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืž"ืฉ, ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื˜, ื›ื—). ื•ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื•, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ืฉืœื•โ€ฆ ื•ืชื“ืข ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ื–"ืœ, ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš, ืžืฉื•ื ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”' (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื’ ื). ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื—ืœืฉืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืฉืขื” ืžืฉื•ื ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”'. ื›ืœืœื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ: ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืœืžืœื ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื ืก, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืคื’ื ื•ื”ืจื™ืกื” ืืœื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.

ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”"ื ื•ืจืžืœื™" ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ืชื›ื•ื ืชื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื•. ืืš ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ "ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš" ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืื– "ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”'" โ€“ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘. ื•ืžืชืื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ (ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื’ืžืจื) "ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš ืžืฉื•ื ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”'"-ืฉื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืจื•ื’ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœืคื™ ืฉืขื” ืžืฉื•ื ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”'.

ืื ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืจืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืขืค"ื™ ืขื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื: ื“ืŸ ื‘ื ื—ืฉ, ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘, ื•ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืจื™ื”. ืืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื›ื•ืœืœืŸ ื›ืื—ื“ ื•ืงื•ืจื ืœื›ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื›ื•ืœื ื ื—ืฉื™ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืชืคืงื“ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื.

ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื• ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืฉืœื•. ื–ื” ืžื”ื ื“ืก, ื–ื” ืจื•ืคื, ื–ื” ืจื‘ โ€“ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืคื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ "ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš" ืฆืจื™ืš ืื“ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืชื—ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืžืฉื•ื "ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”'". ื›ืš ื™ืชื•ืงืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™, ื•ื™ืชื™ื™ื—ื“ ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื.


1 ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ืฆ"ื—, ื“'.
2 ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ืฆ"ื˜, ื“'.
3 "ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืจื•ื" ื—"ื ืขืž' ื›"ื—-ื›"ื˜.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *