ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืขืœ ื”ืกืขืจื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ "ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืคืงื•ื“ื”"

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื›ืณ ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื”
 
04/11/2004

ืขืœ ื”ืกืขืจื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ "ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืคืงื•ื“ื”"

ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœื” ืœื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื ื•ืฉื "ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืคืงื•ื“ื”" ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ื—"ื•. ืงื•ื“ื ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืจื‘ื ื™ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืœืกืจื‘ ืœืคืงื•ื“ื” ื›ื–ื•. ื‘ืขืช ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื‘ืœ ื™ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื”, ืืœื ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ืžื” ืงืจื” ืžืื– ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”, ืฉื’ืจื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื "ืชื•ืคืก ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช"?
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”: ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืจื‘ื ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื, ื•ื”ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืขื‘ืจ, ืฉื‘ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื•ื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
ื ื ืกื” ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื”. ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื‘ืคืกืงื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื’ื“ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื1:

ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ื‘ื ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื’ื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžื•ื ื— ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื’ื’ื™ืŸ ื•ืืœ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ื™ื“ื™ืŸ. ืจืง ื›ืฉื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉืจื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืงืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ืฉืขื”, ื•ืื– ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™. ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืชื™ืžืช ืื•ืจ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื ืขืฉื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืจืฆื”, ืฉืžื“ืื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืœื‘ ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื”, ื•ืžืฉืžื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืฆื“ ืชื›ืœื™ืชื”.

ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืฉืจื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื. ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”. ืœื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ืฉืขื”2.
ืื•ืœื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืกืชื ืื•ืจ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ืžื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืš, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืคืจืฆื™ื, ืฉื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืš ื™ึตืขืฉื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ืืฃ ืฉื”ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช โ€“ ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื ื• ื ืืžืจ: ื”ื›ืคื™ืจื” โ€“ ืงืฉื” ื•ืžื“ืื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืœื‘, ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžืžื ื” โ€“ ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” โ€“ ืžืฉืžื—ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ืฉืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื™ึตืขืฉื•.
ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื? ืœึฐืžื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘?
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืชื•ืคืขื” ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช, ื•ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืขืจ ื‘ืžื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ.
ื™ืชื›ืŸ, ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืงื• ืžืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจืžื– ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘3:

ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื™ืกื“ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื•ืžื™ ืืžื•ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืจื•ื— ืืžืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืจืื”, ื”ื•ื ื ืขืœื” ื•ื ืฉื’ื‘. ื•ื–ื” ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ื—ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืจื‘ื™ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ื–ื” ื•ื”ื™' ืคื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืคืฅ ืœื‘ื‘ื™ ืชืžื›ืชื™ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืขืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืžืกื•ืคืงื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืคื•ืขืœ, ืžืคื ื™ ืจืคื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื”"ืจ ื“ื•ืงื ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ืจืื™ื.

ืื•ืœื ื ืจืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืฆื‘ื, ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืงื™ืžืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”.
ื‘ืฆื‘ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ืฉื ื” ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืจืืฉื™ืช ื•ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ืžืชื ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื•ืœื, ืžืื– ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงื™ืžืŸ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”4.
ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฃ ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืฉื‘ืช? ื”ืื ื›ืœ ื ืกื™ืขื” ืžืฉื˜ืจืชื™ืช, ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื”ื™ื ื ืกื™ืขื” ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ืช?
ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื” (ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช) ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื ื•ื›ืœืฉื•ื ื.
ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืื” ื›ืคื™ืจื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.
ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ื”ื•ืจืืช ืฉืขื”, ืืš ืœื ื–ื›ื™ื ื•, ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ "ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช", ื”ื‘ื•ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื›ื•ืื‘ืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”.

ืื ื›ื ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืคื•ืš. ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉ"ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช", ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช. ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืงืžื”, ื‘ื• ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืืœื ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื’ืจื”, ื‘ื” ืื ื• ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื.
ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ื™ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœืฆื‘ื. ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช, ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืื• ืœื, ื•ืื ื”ืจื™ืกืช ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื—ื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ืœื.
ืืฃ ืฉื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืชื•ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืžื” โ€“ ื”ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื. ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืคืงื“ื™ื ืžืขืœ ืœื—ื•ืง, ื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฆื‘ื. ืืžื ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืงืžื” ื•ื”ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื‘ื ืœื ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืจื™ืกืช ืจื’ืœ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืฆื‘ื, ืืš ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื”ื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื›ืจื—ื™, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื‘ืกืก ืฉื’ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื”5.
ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจื‘ื ื™ื. ืืžื ื ื—ืœืงื ืœื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ืช, ืืš ื’ื ืœื”ื ื™ืฉ ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื. ื›ืฉื ืฉืฉื•ืคื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืงื™ ืื• ืœื, ื›ืš ืจื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื• ืื ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืื• ืœื.
ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื”, ื‘ื• ื”ืฆื‘ื ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืงืžื”, ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืกืชืขืจื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืœืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื•ืœืชื•ืจื” ื›ืœืฉื•ื ื, ื•ื›ืขืช ืื ื• ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ื”ืฉื’ืจื”. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืฉื’ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ื•ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื•. ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ื’ื ืืช ืชื•ืงืคืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง, ืฉื“ืจื•ืฉ ืื•ืžืฅ ืจื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื•ืžืจื, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืชื ื• ื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ื”ืฉื’ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.


1 ืขืจืคื™ืœื™ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืขืž' ื˜"ื•.
2 ืขื™' ื”ืœ' ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืค"ื˜ ื”"ื’.
3 ืื’ืจื•ืช ืจืื™"ื” ื' ืื’' ืง"ื–.
4 ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช "ืžื‘ืฆืข ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ" ื•ื“ื•ืžื™ื•. ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉืืœื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืฆืขื•, ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืื•ืกืจื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ืื“ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื โ€“ ืฉืืœืช ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื‘ืฆืข ื•ืžื‘ืฆืข ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืฆื‘ื.
5 ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืชื ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืžืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ืืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ืžื‘ื•ืจืš, ืืฃ ืื ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™. ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื“ืขืชื ื• โ€“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืคืงื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *