ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืคืกื—ื™ื ื›"ื– (ืข"ื‘) โ€“ ื›"ื— (ืข"ื) โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืื‘

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื”ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
18/07/1980

ื”ืงื“ืžื”

ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืงื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื—ืจ ื—ืกื“ ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืงื•ื“ื ืœื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื•ื“.
ืžืฆื“ ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืชื—ืช ื—ืกื“ ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™' ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขืŸ ื•ืชื›ื•ื ืชืŸ. ื”ืชืคืืจืช ืžืžื–ื’ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื•ืžื›ืจื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.
ืžืฆื“ ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืžืขืœ ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™' ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืื‘. ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื”ื™ื ืื‘ ื•ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ ื”ื ื‘ื—ื™' ื‘ื ื™ื.
ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื›ืžืžื–ื’ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืกื“ ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืชื‘ืืจื” ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”.
ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื›ืื‘ ืืฉืจ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื•ื“, ื”ื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืžืฆื•ื” ืื• ืœืคืกื•ืง ื›ืื‘ ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช. ื›ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืื‘ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”. ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžื”ื™ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื•ืชื›ื•ื ืชื ืœืื‘.
ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื™ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ.

ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช

ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ื›"ื– (ืข"ื‘) โ€“ ื›"ื— (ืข"ื):

ืชื ื™ื ื"ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ ืืœื ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืœ ื™ืจืื” ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืฆื ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื—ืžืฅ ืฉื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ื‘ืœ ื™ืจืื” ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืฆื ืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื“ืŸ ืชื—ืœืชื• ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืกื•ืคื• ืœื”ืงืœ ืื™ื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืฆื ืขืฆื™ื ืœืฉื•ืจืคื• ื™ื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืžืจื” (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘) ืชืฉื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืื•ืจ ืžื‘ืชื™ื›ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ืชื• ื—ื–ืจ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื“ื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื—ืžืฅ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื ื‘ื™ืœื” ืชื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ื˜ืขื•ื ื” ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืคืจืฉ ื ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ื—ืžืฅ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืคืจืฉ ื ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืขื ื•ืฉ ื›ืจืช ื•ื—ืžืฅ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืขื ื•ืฉ ื›ืจืช ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื—ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืขื ื•ืฉ ื›ืจืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื—ื–ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื“ื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืชื™ืจื• ื•ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืชื™ืจื• ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืืฉื ืชืœื•ื™ ื•ื—ื˜ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืง ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ืš ื™ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืฉื”ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืชื™ืจื• ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื•ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืชืง ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืืžืจื™ ืื™ื ืฉื™ ื›ืคื ื“ื—ื˜ื ื ื’ืจื ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื” ื ืฉืจื•ืฃ ื—ืจื“ืœื ืื‘ื™ื™ ืืžืจ ืกื“ื ื ื‘ืกื“ื ื™ ื™ืชื™ื‘ ืžื“ื•ื™ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื” ืžืฉืชืœื™ื ืจื‘ื ืืžืจ ื’ื™ืจื ื‘ื’ื™ืจื™ ืžืงื˜ื™ืœ ืžื“ื•ื™ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื” ืžืฉืชืœื™ื.

ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื‘ื (ื™"ื‘, ื˜"ื•):

ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืชืฉื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืื•ืจ ืžื‘ืชื™ื›ื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉืจืคื”, ืื• ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ? ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ื“ืŸ, ื ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื—ืžืฅ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”. (ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจืคื”, ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ืฉืจืคื”). ืื ืœืžื“ืช ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”, ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ืœื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ื ื‘ืœื” ืชื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ื™ื ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉืจืคื”- ื”ื™ื ืชื•ื›ื™ื— ืขืœ ื—ืžืฅ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ืœื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ืืžืจืช, ื”ืคืจืฉ ื ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ื—ืžืฅ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื”, ืื ืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื” ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ืœื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ื•ื”ืจื™ ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืจืคื”- ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืขืœ ื—ืžืฅ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืœื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ืืžืจืช, ื”ืคืจืฉ ื ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช ื•ื—ืžืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช, ืื ืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ืœื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ื•ื”ืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืจืคื”- ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืขืœ ื—ืžืฅ ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช, ืœื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ืืžืจืช ืื“ื•ืŸ ื“' ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืื—ืช ืžื“' ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืื—ืช. ื ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจื, ื•ื—ืžืฅ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื•ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจื. ื•ืืœ ืชืืžืจ ื ื‘ืœื” ืชื•ื›ื™ื—, ืฉืืข"ืค ืฉืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ืื™ื ื” ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื ืื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช, ื•ืœื ื—ืœื‘ ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ื•ืจื. ืืœื ืืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ืืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื“' ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืฉื•ื” ื‘ื“' ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืืœ ืืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื” ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื”, ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ื‘ื‘' ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื’' ื“ืจื›ื™ื. ืื ืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื”, ืืฃ ื—ืžืฅ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ืืžืจ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื”, ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืืชื” ืฉืืชื” ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืื™ื ืš ืืœื ืžืงืœ- ื”ื ืื ืœื ืžืฆื ืœื• ืื•ืจ ื™ืฉื‘ ืœื• ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืจื•ืฃ. ืืœื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืขื“ ืฉืœื ืชื’ื™ืข ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืขื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืจืคื”. ืžืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืขื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ. ืจื‘ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืœ ื™ืจืื” ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืฆื- ื•ืื™ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืœ ื™ืจืื” ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืฆื, ืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ืžื•ืฆื ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจืคื”.

ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™"ื‘, ื™'):

ืœื ืชื•ืชื™ืจื• ืžืžื ื• ืขื“ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื”ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื• ืขื“ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ืืฉ ืชืฉืจื•ืคื•.

ืื ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื ื•ืชืจ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ืชื›ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืฉืจื™ืคื”.
ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื“ื•ื—ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ืฉื›ืŸ ื ื‘ืœื” ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืžื•ืชืจืช ื‘ื”ื ืื”, ื•ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื”.
ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ืื” ื•ื“ื•ื—ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื”.
ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืขื ืฉ ื›ืจืช ื•ื“ื•ื—ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื—ืœื‘ ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ืกืงืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืจืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื”.
ื•ืื– ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช. ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืชื™ืจื• ื•ื‘ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ื ืจืื” ืฉืฉืชื™ ืืžื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื—ื“ ืืชืจ ืกืœื™ืงื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงื•ื“ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ื•ืืฃ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืื•ื›ืœื• ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœื• ื•ืžืฆื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื”.
ื–ื• ืืคื•ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžืžื ื” ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืžืฅ. ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ื•ื ืืกืจ ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ื™ืžื ื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืžื™ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉื•ืจืคื• ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืžืžื ื• ืžืื•ืžื”1.
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืื‘ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื–ื•.
ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืื‘ ืœื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืื‘ื“ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืชื•, ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืืœื ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ืžืื‘ื“ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจืชื•. ื›ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืžื‘ื™ืืชื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขื“ ืœืจืงื™ืข ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื ืœืจื“ืช ืขื“ ืœืขืคืจ.
ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื ืฆื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคื™"ื“:

ื•ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืš ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื‘ื˜ืœ ืืฆืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื•ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจื• (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื.) "ืื“ื ืืชื" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื“, ืœื) 'ืืชื ืงืจื•ื™ื ืื“ื ื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืงืจื•ื™ื ืื“ื'. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืชื“ืข, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ื“ืœืช, ื•ืœืื•ืžื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืžื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื•ืœื›ืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ืื– ืžืงื•ื™ื "ื•ื ืชื ืš ื”' ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื" (ืจ' ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื—, ื). ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื‘ืœื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขืฆื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœื.. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœ. ื•ืœื›ืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืฉืคื˜ ื•ืžื“ืจื™ื’ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจื”, ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ื‘ืžืขืœืชื โ€“ ื”ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ืฉืื– ื›ืื™ืœื• ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื ืขื“ืจื™ื. ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” โ€“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื” โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื‘ื˜ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื”:
ื•ื‘ืคืจืง ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ืืฉื” (ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกื• ืข"ื‘), ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื›ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•. ืจืื” ืจื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืžืœืงื˜ืช ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืœืœื™ ื‘ื”ืžืชื ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืืชื” ืื•ืชื•, ื ืชืขื˜ืคื” ื‘ืฉืขืจื” ื•ืขืžื“ื” ืœืคื ื™ื•, ืืžืจื” ืœื•, ืจื‘ื™ โ€“ ืคืจื ืกื ื™. ืืžืจ ืœื”, ื‘ืชื™, ื‘ืช ืžื™ ืืช. ืืžืจื” ืœื•, ื‘ืช ื ืงื“ื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืื ื™. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื›ืื™, ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื›ื. ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืื– ื ืžืกืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื“ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”, ืจืง ื‘ื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”:
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืชืžื•ื”, ืžืื™ ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืืฉืจื™' ื“ืงืืžืจ, 'ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžืกืจื ื‘ื™ื“ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”, ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืืœื ื‘ื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”', ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืืฉืจื™'. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืืจื ื• ืœืš, ื›ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื‘ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืžืขืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื” ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื›ืœืœ. ื•ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืœ ืืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื ืขื“ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื•ืžื–ื” ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื—ื•ืชื” ืžื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื”, ื•ื–ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ืจืง ื ืขื“ืจืช:
ื•ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจ (ืฉื) 'ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื', ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ, ืœื›ืš ืืžืจ ืฉืื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื”ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืื•ื™ ืืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืœืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ, ื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื”. 'ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืื– ื ืžืกืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”'. ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื” ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืคืœื•ืช ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช, ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืคืœ. 'ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“, ืืœื ื‘ื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืžืชื ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคืœื”'. ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื” ืฉืคื™ืœื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื“ืข ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื—ื•ืชื” ื›ืžื• ืืœื•. ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืœืงื˜ืช ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืœืœื™ ื‘ื”ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื, ื“ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื”ืžื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžืกืจ ื‘ื™ื“ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื ืขื“ืจ. ื•ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื–ื”ื• ืขืฆื ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื” โ€“ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ื ืขื“ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื•ื”ืฉืคืœ, ืื ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคืœ, ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื ืขื“ืจ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื”, ื”ืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ืŸ ืžืขื˜. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื ืขื“ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืคื” ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” 'ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ื•":
ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืืžืชืชื ืžื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื, ืื– ื™ืคืชื—ื• ืœืš ืฉืขืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”, ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ื ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช; ืื• ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ, ืื• ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืžื–ื” ื–ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื“ื, ืืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจื ื• ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืื“ื ืฉื•ื™ื ื”ื. ืฉื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื’ื“ ืฉืืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ืš ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช. ื•ืืฆืœ ื”ืื“ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื’ื ื›ืŸ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื, ื›ื•) "ื•ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ื“ื’ืช ื”ื™ื ื•ื’ื•'", ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ื–"ืœ (ื‘"ืจ ื—, ื™ื‘) 'ื–ื›ื” โ€“ ืจื•ื“ื” ื‘ื“ื’ืช ื”ื™ื ื•ื›ื•', ืœื ื–ื›ื” โ€“ ื ืขืฉื” ื™ืจื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื'. ื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืื“ื ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช, ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉืืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืžืฉื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืืžืจื ื•, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ืื– ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื ืขื“ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ืื– ืฉืืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื”, ืžื•ืฉืœื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•. ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืื“:

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืื’ืจืช ืฆ"ื•:

ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉืข"ื™ ืขื–ื™ื‘ื”, ืข"ื™ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืขืฆืžื™, ืข"ื™ ื”ืฉืคืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจื” ื ื’ื“ ืฉืคื—ืชื”, ื•ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืŸ ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื‘"ื”, ืข"ื™ ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืœืžืจืžืก ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื” ื•ืžืงื•ื ื”ื“ื•ื ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืขื“ื™ ืขื“, โ€“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืขืžื•ืžื™ื; ื•ืช"ื— ืฉื‘ื"ื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืคื™ื ื•ืฉืคืœื™ื, ื•ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ืœื, ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื•ืฆืจื• ื›ื™-ืื ืœืžื’ืจื ื’ืจืžื™ ืืฆืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืœื—ืงื•ืช ืคืœืคื•ืœื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืžื—ืฉื›ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื—ื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื"ื™ ื—ืœื•ืฉ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื [ื ื•ืฆืจื•] ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืืœื”.

ื—ืžืฅ ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืœื“ื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชืจ. ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ืขื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื•ื ื” ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื” ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื. "ืขืฅ ื“ืขืช ื—ื™ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื”"2. ืืฃ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื”. ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืื™ืœืŸ ืฉืื›ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸโ€ฆ ื—ื™ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืื‘ื ืืžื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื˜ืขื•ื ื˜ืขื ื“ื’ืŸ"3. ื•ืžืื– ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื˜ืขื ื“ื’ืŸ ืฆื•ืืชื• ืžืกืจื—ืช4 ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืงื” ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืงื•ืจื ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข. ื›ืฉืขื•ืœื” ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื” ืœืžื“ืจื’ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืื– ื”ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉื‘ื”, ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช, ืžืกืจื—ืช ื•ื ื•ืคืœืช ืžืžื“ืจื’ืชื” ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื›ื ื’ื“ื”. ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื•ื ื”, ืืคื•ื, ืืช ืžืขืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื‘ืคืกื— ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช "ื ื•ืชืจ" (ื›ืฉืžื—ืžื™ืฆื”) ื•ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืื– ื ื•ืคืœืช ื”ื™ื ืžืžื“ืจื’ืชื” ื•ืฉืจื™ืคืชื” ืชืงื ืชื”.

ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ื ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืื‘ ื”ืžืœืžื“ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื›ืš ื‘ื ืคื™ืœืชื• ื•ื‘ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ืขืžื•ืง ื•ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ ื”ื ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื’ืŸ5 ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ืชื›ื•ื ืชื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ืžืฆื•ืช ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื”. ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื’ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื•ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื (ื‘"ื‘ ืงืž"ื–.):

โ€ฆ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ื“ืขืช ืœืื“ื ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืจืจ ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืžืžื ื• ืื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื” ื•ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื ืžื™ ืคืจืง ืœื•ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื–ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ืขืช ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื›ืื•ื‘, ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช ื“ื’ืŸ ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืืชื• ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื•ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืงืจื•ืช ืื‘ื ื•ืืžื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื˜ืขื•ื ื˜ืขื ื“ื’ืŸ ืžื“ืงืจื™ ืœื™ื” ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช.

ื”ื’ืž' ืฉื“ืจืฉื” ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ืขืช ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื›ืื•ื‘" ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื—ื˜ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื ืœืžื“ ืžื ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ืขืช ื›ืš ื”ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื•, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืื”, ืžื›ืื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืกืจื™ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื” ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืœ"ื”.):

ืชื ื ื“ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื ื ื“ื‘ื™ ืจ' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืžืจ ืงืจื (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื–) "ืœื ืชืื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื—ืžืฅ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื ืชืื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืฆื•ืช" ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืžื•ืฅ ืื“ื ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื”.

ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื:

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื“ื ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ื™ืžื•ืฆื• ื›ืจืช.

ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื‘. ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื‘6.

ื•ืจืื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ื›ืืŸ.


1 ืข' ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืž' 377 ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื•: "ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืŸ ื“ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืฉืืจ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืจ"ื™ ืœื˜ืขืžื™ื” ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืชืžื•ืจื” ืฉืื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฉืจื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืงื‘ืจื™ื, ืจืฉืื™, ื"ื› ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื“ืขืช ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื›ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืื ื›ืŸ ื—ืžืฅ ืฉื”ื—ืžื™ืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื’ื ืœื‘ื“ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื™ืจืื” ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื•, ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ืขืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื—ืคืฅ ื”' ื‘ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจื•, ื"ื› ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืชืชื• ืข"ื™ ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืฉืžื›ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ"
2 ืข"ืค ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืž' (ืข"ื) ื•ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืข')
3 ืฉื.
4 ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” ืž"ื‘ (ืข"ื‘) ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืฉืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช ื“ื’ืŸ ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืืชื• (ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข) ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื“"ื” "ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืืชื•" โ€“ "ืžืฉืื›ืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช ืžืืœื• (ื—ืžืฉืช ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื’ืŸ) ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืฆื•ืืช ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžืกืจื—ืช".
5 ืจืžื– ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื’ืŸ, ื”ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื•ื“, ืฉื”ื ื‘ื—ื™' ื‘ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขืจืš ื“ื’ืŸ, ืœืฉื•ื ื•:
ืื™ืœืŸ ืฉืื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืงืจื•ืช ืื‘ื ื•ืืžื ืขื“ ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื˜ืขื ื“ื’ืŸ, ืจืžื–ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื“ื’ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ืขื™ืจ ืื ืคื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื” ื•ืœืžื˜ื” ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื ื•ื“ืข ื“ืฉื‘ื˜ ื“ืŸ ื ืคืชืœื™ ื’ื“ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื ืฆื— ื”ื•ื“ ื™ืกื•ื“, ื ืคืชืœื™ ื ืฆื— ื“ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ ื’ื“ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืขืจื›ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื“ื’"ืŸ ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื“ืŸ ื’ื“ ื ืคืชืœื™, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื™ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืื—ื™ื–ื” ืืœ ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื• (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•.) ื”ื ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื”ื•, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ื‘ื“ืŸ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž"ื˜ ื™"ื–) "ื™ื”ื™ ื“ืŸ ื ื—ืฉ ืขืœื™ ื“ืจืš" ืฉืฉื ืฉืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื ื—ืฉ, ื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื•ืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื•ื“ ื‘ืกื•ื“ (ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื™' ื—') "ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื ื”ืคืš ืœืžืฉื—ื™ืช", ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื ืžื ื” ืœืฉื ืฉื‘ื• ืื—ืœืžื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืื‘ื ื™ ื“ืŸ ื ืคืชืœื™ ื’ื“, ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืชโ€ฆ ื•ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืŸ.
6 ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ืงื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืงืจืืช ืื‘.

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *