ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜"ื– (ืข"ื‘) โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื”ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
18/07/1980

ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜"ื– (ืข"ื‘):

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืื—ื ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืกื•ืžื ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื’ื“ื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื›ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื” ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื ื‘ื ื ื• ื–ื” ืžื” ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคืจื˜ ืœืกื•ืžื ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืคืจื˜ ืœืกื•ืžื™ืŸ.

ื“ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืจืจ ื•ืžื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื• ื—ืœ ื›ืฉื”ืื‘ ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืžื, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื‘ื ื ื• ื–ื”", ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืžื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ืžื›ืืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื™ืŸ "ื•ื”ื’ื“ืช ืœื‘ื ืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ืœืืžืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื”" ืฉืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื—ืœ ื‘ืื‘ ืกื•ืžื ืฉื›ืŸ ื’ื ืืฆืœื• ื ืืžืจ "ื–ื”".
ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืจืจ ื•ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ื—ื›ื ืื• ื”ืชื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืชื.
ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœื‘ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ืืช ื‘ื ื•.
"ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื•" (ืจืžื—"ืœ ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืจื•ื ืฆ"ื’)
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ.
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ื— ื”ืจืื™ื”? ื›ืš ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื—"ืœ ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืจื•ื (ืจืข"ื’-ืจืข"ื–):

โ€ฆ ื•ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืจืื™ื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื— ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืžืชืคืฉื˜ ื•ืžืชื’ืœื” ืœื—ื•ืฅ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืจืื”. ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืจืื™ื” ืขื“ ืฉืชื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืชืฆื™ื™ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืจืื”, ื‘ืขืฆืžื”. ืขื“ ืฉืื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืจืื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืจืื™ื”, ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื™ืจืื” ืขืฆืžื• ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื•. ื•ื–ื” ืกื•ื“, ื”' ื™ืจืื” ืืฉืจ ื™ืืžืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื”ืจ ื”' ื™ืจืื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื ื‘, ื™ื“). โ€ฆ ื ืžืฆื ืฉืืข"ืค ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื”, ืืš ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”, ื•ื ืžืฆืืช ื”ืจืื™ื” ืงื‘ืœื”โ€ฆ
ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ื›ื ื’ื“ื”, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื”. ื•ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื', ื”ื ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืจืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืž"ืฉ. ืจืง ืฉืขื“ ืฉืœื ืจืืชื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ื ืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืชื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื”. ื•ื›ืฉืจืืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืื– ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจืช ื‘ื” ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื›ื— ืฉื‘ื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื. ื•ืื– ื ืงืจื ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื•ืชื•, ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ ื‘ื”โ€ฆ
ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ื›ื— ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื›ืœ, ืœื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืชืฉื™ื ืคื ื™ื” ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืฉืโ€ฆ ื•ืจืื™ืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื” ื”ื•ืโ€ฆ ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื ืฉืžื” ืžืชืคืฉื˜ืช ื“ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ืขืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืฉืจืฉื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืขื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืฉื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ. ืขื™ื™"ืฉ ืขื•ื“

ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืงื•ื™ื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืขื™ืŸ, ืืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืจืื”, ื•ื”ืื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ืืฉืจ ื‘ื” ื ืžืฆื ื”ื›ืœ ืžืžื ื• ื™ื•ืฆื ื•ืืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ ื•ืฉื ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจ ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื•ืจื•ืื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ื— ื‘ื ืฉืžื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื“ืข ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•.
ื”ืื‘ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื‘ื ื•, ื›ืฉืจื•ืื”ื• ื”ืจื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืืœ ื”ืื‘ ื•ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจืช ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืื‘, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ื— ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื•, ื•ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™' ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื“ืขืชื• ืื‘ื™ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืžื• ื•ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื”ื• ื”ืจื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืจืง ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื•.
ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืืคื•ื, ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืจืจ ื•ืžื•ืจื” ืœืื‘ ืกื•ืžื. ืชื•ื›ื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ ืื™ื ื” ืืœื ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžืžื ื• ืืœ ื‘ื ื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจ ื‘ื ืฉืžืชื• ื•ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืžื”ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ืžื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ื›ื—ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ืงื• ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ ื•ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืขื ืฉ.
ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ืช "ื•ื”ื’ื“ืช ืœื‘ื ืš" ืฉืืฃ ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ "ื”ื–ื”" ื”ื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ1 ืื‘ื™ื• ืžืกืคืจ ืœื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืืœ ืขื™ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื•.
ืžื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืžื—"ืœ ืฉื ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืจืื™ื™ืช ื”ืื“ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืช ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”:

ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ ืจืื™ื•ืช, ืื—ื“ ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืž"ื” (ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœืค"ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื–"ื), ืฉืœื ืชืฆื™ื™ืจ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื. ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืจืื™ืช ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื™"ื” ื‘"ื”, ืฉืžืฆื™ื™ืจืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืœื‘.

ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื‘ื ื• ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืœื• ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขืชื• ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื‘ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืื‘ ื•ื”ื‘ืŸ, ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ืฉื•ื”. ื’ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื—ืช ืื‘ ืœื‘ื ื• ื”ืกื•ืจืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืŸ, ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœืฉืžืืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืกื“ ื•ื“ื™ืŸ2.


1 ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืค"ื– ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื” ื”"ื‘:
"ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืฉืืœื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ื’ื“ืช ืœื‘ื ืš ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื• ืžืœืžื“ื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ ืื• ื˜ื™ืคืฉ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื—ื” ื–ื• ืื• ื›ืžื• ืขื‘ื“ ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ืคื“ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื ื• ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื—ื›ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืžื” ืฉืื™ืจืข ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื ื• ืข"ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ"
2 ืืฃ ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื–ื”" ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื›ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืž"ืง ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืจืš "ื–ื”" โ€“ "ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื•ื ืงืจื ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืœื” ื™"ื‘ ื”ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™"ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื™ื".

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *