ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืžื”ื• ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ?

ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ ืข"ืค ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืคื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืจ. ืขืจืš: ืฉื—ืจ ืฉื˜ืจืŸ (ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื’ื”ืช ื”ืจื‘)
ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืจ
ืืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื•
 
01/03/2006

ืžื”ื• ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ?

ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืื—ืช ื”ื ืคื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ. ื—ื˜ื ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืฉืืœื” ืจื‘ื™ื. ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื™ืคืฉ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉืขื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืจื’ืข ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืžื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื’ื ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืœื ื—ื˜ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื’ืžื•ืจ, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืžืฉื” ื•ืœื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืงื‘"ื”. ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื ืจืื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”.

ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื•ืจื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช, ื˜ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœ ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ื“ืง, ื›ื•ืขืก ืขืœ ืื”ืจืŸ, ืงื•ืจื ืœืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืชื• ื•ื”ื ืžืคื™ืœื™ื ืžื”ืขื ื›- 3,000 ืื™ืฉ, ื•ืื– ื ืืžืจ (ืœ"ื‘,ืœ'-ืœ"ื‘):

ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึธืช ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึทืชึผึถื ื—ึฒื˜ึธืืชึถื ื—ึฒื˜ึธืึธื” ื’ึฐื“ึนืœึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ืึถืขึฑืœึถื” ืึถืœ ื”โ€™ ืื•ึผืœึทื™ ืึฒื›ึทืคึผึฐืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึทื“ ื—ึทื˜ึผึทืืชึฐื›ึถื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ื”โ€™ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึทืจ ืึธื ึผึธื ื—ึธื˜ึธื ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื—ึฒื˜ึธืึธื” ื’ึฐื“ึนืœึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืœึธื”ึถื ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘:
ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ืึดื ืชึผึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ื—ึทื˜ึผึธืืชึธื ื•ึฐืึดื ืึทื™ึดืŸ ืžึฐื—ึตื ึดื™ ื ึธื ืžึดืกึผึดืคึฐืจึฐืšึธ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื›ึผึธืชึธื‘ึฐืชึผึธ:

ืžืฉื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืงื‘"ื”: ื”ืขื ื—ื˜ื, ืขืฉื” ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘. ื•ื”ืื ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘? ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืืœื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืœื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื. ืื•ืžืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ (ืœ"ื‘,ืœ"ื):

ืืœื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘ โ€“ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ ื™ื•ืžื ืคื•) ืืชื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ืจืžืช ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืฉืคืขืช ืœื”ื ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื›ืœ ื—ืคืฆื ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื• ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื˜ืื•. ืžืฉืœ ืœืžืœืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืื›ื™ืœ ื•ืžืฉืงื” ืืช ื‘ื ื• ื•ืžืงืฉื˜ื• ื•ืชื•ืœื” ืœื• ื›ื™ืก ื‘ืฆื•ืืจื• ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ื• ื‘ืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื˜ื:

ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”. ื–ืืช ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืœื ื ืฉืžืขืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ื”ืื ืžื–ื”ื‘ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืจืง ืขื’ืœ? ื•ื”ืื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”?

ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ืœืžืฉื”

ืžื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืงืจื” ื›ืืŸ ืขื ื”ืขื’ืœ. ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื™ื ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ (ืœ"ื‘,ื‘'-ื”'):

ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึฒืœึตื”ึถื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืคึผึธืจึฒืงื•ึผ ื ึดื–ึฐืžึตื™ ื”ึทื–ึผึธื”ึธื‘ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึตื™ ื ึฐืฉืึตื™ื›ึถื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐื”ึธื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™:
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐืคึผึธืจึฒืงื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึถืช ื ึดื–ึฐืžึตื™ ื”ึทื–ึผึธื”ึธื‘ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึถืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ:
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืžึดื™ึผึธื“ึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฆึทืจ ืึนืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึทื—ึถืจึถื˜ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื”ื•ึผ ืขึตื’ึถืœ ืžึทืกึผึตื›ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึตืœึผึถื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถืขึฑืœื•ึผืšึธ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื‘ึถืŸ ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึทืจ ื—ึทื’ ืœึทื”โ€™ ืžึธื—ึธืจ:

ืื”ืจืŸ ืœืงื— ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื”ื‘, ื™ืฆืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ืจื˜ โ€“ ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืฆื•ืจืคื™ื, ื•ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ืขื’ืœ ืžืกื›ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉื” ื™ื•ืจื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ืงืจ ืืช ืื”ืจืŸ, ื•ืฉื ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืœื• ื›ืš (ืœ"ื‘,ื›"ื-ื›"ื“):

ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืžึถื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืœึฐืšึธ ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึตื‘ึตืืชึธ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื—ึฒื˜ึธืึธื” ื’ึฐื“ึนืœึธื”:
ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึทืœ ื™ึดื—ึทืจ ืึทืฃ ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธ ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึธื ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐืจึธืข ื”ื•ึผื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ืœึฐืคึธื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ื–ึถื” ืžืฉืึถื” ื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถืขึฑืœึธื ื•ึผ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึนื ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึถื” ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœื•ึน:
ื•ึธืึนืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ืœึฐืžึดื™ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึธืจึธืงื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ื•ึธืึทืฉืึฐืœึดื›ึตื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึธืึตืฉื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฆึตื ื”ึธืขึตื’ึถืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”:

ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ืชื•ืื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ืืœื ืฉืื– ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืœื• ื”ืขื’ืœ ื”ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช. ืžื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”? ื™ืฉ ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื”ืจืŸ ืœื ืืžืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืช, ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉืฉ ื•ืœื ืกื™ืคืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืงืฉื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื”ืจืŸ ืžืฉืงืจ ืœืžืฉื”. ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื” ืงืกืžื™ื. ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืกืชื“ืจ ืขื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ: "ื•ื™ืฆืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ืจื˜"? ื”ืจื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื›ืืŸ ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ, ื•ืื ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืœืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื ืฉืืœ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืขื’ืœ?

"ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืฉ ืžืฉื”"

ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ื–ื” ืงืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื”ื—ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื”. ื”ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžืฉื” ืืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื›ื•ืช 40 ื™ื•ื. ื•ืื– ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ื™ืจื ื”ืขื ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืฉ ืžืฉื” ืœืจื“ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืจ" (ืœ"ื‘,ื'). ืื•ืžืจ ืจืฉ"ื™: ื‘ืฉืฉ โ€“ ื‘ื ืฉืฉ, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืขื” ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ืช. ื”ื›ืœ ื ื•ืคืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืžืžืฉ ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื— ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื ืกื” ืœืชืคื•ืก ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืงืฉื”, ื›ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื›ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืžืฉื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืชื“ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื“ 40 ื™ื•ื. ืื ื›ื‘ืจ, ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ (ื›"ื“,ื™"ื‘-ื˜"ื•):

ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”โ€™ ืึถืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ืขึฒืœึตื” ืึตืœึทื™ ื”ึธื”ึธืจึธื” ื•ึถื”ึฐื™ึตื” ืฉืึธื ื•ึฐืึถืชึผึฐื ึธื” ืœึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ืœึปื—ึนืช ื”ึธืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื›ึผึธืชึทื‘ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืจึนืชึธื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึธื ืžืฉืึถื” ื•ึดื™ื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืžึฐืฉืึธืจึฒืชื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ื”ึทืจ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื:
ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึฐืงึตื ึดื™ื ืึธืžึทืจ ืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื‘ึธื–ึถื” ืขึทื“ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ืึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึฐื—ื•ึผืจ ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื ืžึดื™ ื‘ึทืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื™ึดื’ึผึทืฉื ืึฒืœึตื”ึถื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึฐื›ึทืก ื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึธื”ึธืจ:

ืžืฉื” ืื•ืžืจ: ืื ื™ ืขื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช. ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืžืฉื” ืขืœื” ื•ื™ืจื“ ืžืกืคืจ ืคืขืžื™ื ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืืจื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื•. ื”ืจื•ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืืš ืžืฉื” ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืœืงื— ืื™ืชื• ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื”. ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืื›ืœ ื•ืœื ืฉืชื”, ื•ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื•. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืขื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืงื•ืจื”? ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ืก, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจื” โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืืฉ. ื”ืขื ืžืคื—ื“ ืคื—ื“ ืžื•ื•ืช ืžื”ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืžื™ ืฉื™ื’ืข ื‘ื• โ€“ ื™ืžื•ืช. ืžืฉื” ื ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ืืฉ ื•ื ืขืœื. ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืฉืืœื” ืฉื™ื™ื’ืฉื• ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ื—ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ "ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืฉ ืžืฉื”". ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ืงืจื” ืžืฉื”ื•. ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื”ืจืื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืžื•ืช ืžื™ืชืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื”ืจ ื‘ืืฉ. ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืจื ืงืจื”. ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื.

"ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืฉื” ื”ืื™ืฉ"

ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืืฆื‘ืข, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ื–ื”". ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ:

ื–ึถื” ื™ึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึนื‘ึตืจ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืคึผึฐืงึปื“ึดื™ื ืžึทื—ึฒืฆึดื™ืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึถืงึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึถืงึถืœ ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื’ึผึตืจึธื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึถืงึถืœ ืžึทื—ึฒืฆึดื™ืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึถืงึถืœ ืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœึทื”โ€™: (ืœ',ื™"ื’)

ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ื”ึทืžึผึฐื ึนืจึธื” ืžึดืงึฐืฉืึธื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืขึทื“ ื™ึฐืจึตื›ึธื”ึผ ืขึทื“ ืคึผึดืจึฐื—ึธื”ึผ ืžึดืงึฐืฉืึธื” ื”ึดื•ื ื›ึผึทืžึผึทืจึฐืึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถืจึฐืึธื” ื”โ€™ ืึถืช ืžืฉืึถื” ื›ึผึตืŸ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึฐื ึนืจึธื”: (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ,ื—',ื“')

ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื–ื”" ื™ืฉ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืืฆื‘ืข, ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื–ื” ื’ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ (ืœ"ื‘,ื›"ื’):

ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ืœึฐืคึธื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ื–ึถื” ืžืฉืึถื” ื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถืขึฑืœึธื ื•ึผ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึนื ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึถื” ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœื•ึน:

ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ื•ืจืื• ืžืฉื”ื•. ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืงืจื” ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื”ื•. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื•ืœืช ื”ื–ืืช ื ื™ื’ืฉื™ื ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ.1

ืจืื™ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”

ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืชื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื™ื ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ืžืฉื”. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืžืจ "ื ืขืฉื” ื•ื ืฉืžืข", ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ื‘ื ื” (ื›"ื“,ื˜'-ื™"ื):

ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ื•ึฐืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื ึธื“ึธื‘ ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึดื™ื ืžึดื–ึผึดืงึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ:
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืจึฐืื•ึผ ืึตืช ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐืชึทื—ึทืช ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื• ื›ึผึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืœึดื‘ึฐื ึทืช ื”ึทืกึผึทืคึผึดื™ืจ ื•ึผื›ึฐืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ืœึธื˜ึนื”ึทืจ:
ื•ึฐืึถืœ ืึฒืฆึดื™ืœึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึนื ืฉืึธืœึทื— ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึถื—ึฑื–ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืื›ึฐืœื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึผ:

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืืœื•ืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืฉื™ืœื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื” (ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืž"ื˜ ืข"ื‘):

ืชื ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ืžืฆืืชื™ ืžื’ืœืช ื™ื•ื—ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื” ืื™ืฉ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ืžืžื–ืจ ืžืืฉืช ืื™ืฉ ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื” ืžืฉื ืช ืจ' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืงื‘ ื•ื ืงื™ ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื” ืžื ืฉื” ื”ืจื’ ืืช ื™ืฉืขื™ื”. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื: ืžื™ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื” ื•ืงื˜ืœื™ื”. ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”: ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ืš ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืจืื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื—ื™, ื•ืืช ืืžืจืช ื•ืืจืื” ืืช ื”' ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืกื ืจื ื•ื ืฉื.

ืžื ืฉื” ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ืืช ื™ืฉืขื™ื”. ืื ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื”ื•? ื”ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืœื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ. ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉื ืืœื•ืงื™ื. ื›ืืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืื” ื™ืฉืขื™ื”. ืœืงื‘"ื” ื™ืฉ ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ืืš ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืขืœ. ื’ื ืœืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ืœืงื™ื, ืžืขืœื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืจืื” ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœื™ื”. ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืชื™ืืจ. ื”ื ืจืื• ื›ืืŸ ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ืืฆืœ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื–ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื ืžืจืฅ. ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื–ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ (ื',ื'-ื™'):

ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืœืฉืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื‘ึผึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื‘ึผึทื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ืœึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื•ึทืึฒื ึดื™ ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนืœึธื” ืขึทืœ ื ึฐื”ึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื ึดืคึฐืชึผึฐื—ื•ึผ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึธืึถืจึฐืึถื” ืžึทืจึฐืื•ึนืช ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื:
ื‘ึผึทื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ืœึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื”ึทื—ึฒืžึดื™ืฉืึดื™ืช ืœึฐื’ึธืœื•ึผืช ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ื•ึนื™ึธื›ึดื™ืŸ:
ื”ึธื™ึนื” ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ืึถืœ ื™ึฐื—ึถื–ึฐืงึตืืœ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึผื–ึดื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึทืฉื‚ึฐื“ึผึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ื ึฐื”ึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื•ึทืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืฉืึธื ื™ึทื“ ื”':
ื•ึธืึตืจึถื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืกึฐืขึธืจึธื” ื‘ึผึธืึธื” ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึธืคื•ึนืŸ ืขึธื ึธืŸ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื•ึฐืึตืฉื ืžึดืชึฐืœึทืงึผึทื—ึทืช ื•ึฐื ึนื’ึทื”ึผ ืœื•ึน ืกึธื‘ึดื™ื‘ ื•ึผืžึดืชึผื•ึนื›ึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐืขึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทืฉืึฐืžึทืœ ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึธืึตืฉื:
ื•ึผืžึดืชึผื•ึนื›ึธื”ึผ ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ื—ึทื™ึผื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืžึทืจึฐืึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ืึธื“ึธื ืœึธื”ึตื ึผึธื”:
(โ€ฆ)
ื•ึผื“ึฐืžื•ึผืช ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื ื•ึผืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึทืจึฐื™ึตื” ืึถืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผืคึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืžึตื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืžึนืื•ืœ ืœึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธืŸ ื•ึผืคึฐื ึตื™ ื ึถืฉืึถืจ ืœึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธืŸ:

ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืœื›ื™ื: ื”ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื”ืืจื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืฉืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช. ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ืกืข ื•ืžืชืจื•ืžื (ืฉื,ื™"ื˜):

ื•ึผื‘ึฐืœึถื›ึถืช ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผื•ึนืช ื™ึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื ืึถืฆึฐืœึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื”ึดื ึผึธืฉื‚ึตื ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผื•ึนืช ืžึตืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื™ึดื ึผึธืฉื‚ึฐืื•ึผ ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื:

ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื›ื–ื” ื‘ืชื "ืš ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกื™ืœื•ืง ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื•ืงืฉื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช. ืื ื”ืงื‘"ื” "ืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”,ื•',ื’') ื–ื” ืจืข ืžืื•ื“. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื™ื™ื—ื“ ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ืืฆืœื ื• ืืœื ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื ื‘ื”ืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืจื•ืื”.

ื•ึผืžึดืžึผึทืขึทืœ ืœึธืจึธืงึดื™ืขึท ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ืกึทืคึผึดื™ืจ ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ื›ึผึดืกึผึตื ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืกึผึตื ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึธื“ึธื ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืžึดืœึฐืžึธืขึฐืœึธื”:
ื•ึธืึตืจึถื ื›ึผึฐืขึตื™ืŸ ื—ึทืฉืึฐืžึทืœ ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึตืฉื ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึธื”ึผ ืกึธื‘ึดื™ื‘ ืžึดืžึผึทืจึฐืึตื” ืžึธืชึฐื ึธื™ื• ื•ึผืœึฐืžึธืขึฐืœึธื” ื•ึผืžึดืžึผึทืจึฐืึตื” ืžึธืชึฐื ึธื™ื• ื•ึผืœึฐืžึทื˜ึผึธื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึตืฉื ื•ึฐื ึนื’ึทื”ึผ ืœื•ึน ืกึธื‘ึดื™ื‘:
ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ื”ึทืงึผึถืฉืึถืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื‘ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทื’ึผึถืฉืึถื ื›ึผึตืŸ ืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ื”ึทื ึผึนื’ึทื”ึผ ืกึธื‘ึดื™ื‘ ื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ื›ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”' ื•ึธืึถืจึฐืึถื” ื•ึธืึถืคึผึนืœ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึธื ึทื™ ื•ึธืึถืฉืึฐืžึทืข ืงื•ึนืœ ืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ: (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ,ื',ื›"ื•-ื›"ื—)

ืื ื• ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืืš ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ืจืงื™ืข ื‘ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืœืฉืžื™ื, ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจ. ืื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช,ื›"ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ,ื'. ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืคืจืง ื™' ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ (ืคืก' ื˜'-ื™' ืฉื):

ื•ึธืึถืจึฐืึถื” ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื ืึตืฆึถืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ืื•ึนืคึทืŸ ืึถื—ึธื“ ืึตืฆึถืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึฐืื•ึนืคึทืŸ ืึถื—ึธื“ ืึตืฆึถืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื ื›ึผึฐืขึตื™ืŸ ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ืชึผึทืจึฐืฉืึดื™ืฉื:
ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืึตื™ื”ึถื ื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผืช ืึถื—ึธื“ ืœึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธื ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึธืŸ:

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ (ืฉื,ื™',ื™"ื“-ื›'):

ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ืคึธื ึดื™ื ืœึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึถื—ึธื“ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ ื•ึผืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื™ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืœึดื™ืฉืึดื™ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึทืจึฐื™ึตื” ื•ึฐื”ึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื ึธืฉืึถืจ:
ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจึนืžึผื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื”ึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ:
ื•ึผื‘ึฐืœึถื›ึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ื™ึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื ืึถืฆึฐืœึธื ื•ึผื‘ึดืฉื‚ึฐืึตืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื›ึผึทื ึฐืคึตื™ื”ึถื ืœึธืจื•ึผื ืžึตืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึนื ื™ึดืกึผึทื‘ึผื•ึผ ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื”ึตื ืžึตืึถืฆึฐืœึธื:
ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืžึฐื“ึธื ื™ึทืขึฒืžึนื“ื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืžึธื ื™ึตืจื•ึนืžึผื•ึผ ืื•ึนืชึธื ื›ึผึดื™ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฆึตื ื›ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”' ืžึตืขึทืœ ืžึดืคึฐืชึผึทืŸ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธื™ึดืช ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื›ึผึทื ึฐืคึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจื•ึนืžึผื•ึผ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึทื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตืืชึธื ื•ึฐื”ึธืื•ึนืคึทื ึผึดื™ื ืœึฐืขึปืžึผึธืชึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ืคึผึถืชึทื— ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”' ื”ึทืงึผึทื“ึฐืžื•ึนื ึดื™ ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืžึดืœึฐืžึธืขึฐืœึธื”:
ื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืึฒืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื”ึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื•ึธืึตื“ึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ื”ึตืžึผึธื”:

ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืžื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ื ื›ืืŸ. ืื ื›ืš ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื›ืจื‘ื โ€“ ื—ืจื™ืฉื”. ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืจ, ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืจืฉ.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžืข ืืช ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื™ื•ืจื“ ืžืฉื” ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืขื ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ (ื›',ื™"ื˜-ื›'):

ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”โ€™ ืึถืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ื›ึผึนื” ืชึนืืžึทืจ ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึทืชึผึถื ืจึฐืึดื™ืชึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื:
ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผืŸ ืึดืชึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื›ึถืกึถืฃ ื•ึตืืœึนื”ึตื™ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืœึธื›ึถื:

ืืœื• ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช2. ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื: ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘" ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื›ืืŸ. ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ืœื ืชืขืฉื•ืŸ ืืชื™". ืžื” ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ? ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ (ืžืกื›ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื“ืฃ ื›ื“ ืข"ื‘):

ื•ื”ืชื ื™ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›) ืœื ืชืขืฉื•ืŸ ืืชื™ โ€“ ืœื ืชืขืฉื•ืŸ ื›ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื™ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ืžืจื•ื. ืืžืจ ืื‘ื™ื™: ืœื ืืกืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ื“ืžื•ืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ืคื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ืืœื ืžืขืชื” ืคืจืฆื•ืฃ ืื“ื ืœื—ื•ื“ื™ื” ืชืฉืชืจื™ ืืœืžื”.

ืื•ืžืจ ืื‘ื™ื™: ืžื›ืืŸ ืื–ื”ืจื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืคื•ืจืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ื™ ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ืžื” ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื”?

ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ืžืื•ื“. ืื™ืš ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื? ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ ื•ืœื ืขื“ ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ืžืขืœ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืœืœ. ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืืœื• ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™. ืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ. ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ืœืžืงื•ื. ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžื™ ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•, ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื”ืขืœื” ืื•ืชื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ืืš ื”ื•ื ื ืขืœื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืฉื”. ื”ื ืจืื• ืฉื ืžืฉื”ื•. ื‘ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉื•ืจ. ื”ื ืจืื• ืฉื ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืืช ืืจื‘ืข ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจ, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ืื™ื–ื” ืชืคื™ืกื”. ื”ื ืจืื• ืฉื "ืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ" โ€“ ืื•ืชื” ืžืจื›ื‘ื”. ืžื” ื–ื” "ืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื•"?

ื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืึฒืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื”ึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื•ึธืึตื“ึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึฐืจื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ื”ึตืžึผึธื”: (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ,ื™',ื›')

ืจืื• ืฉื ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืœื” ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื ืืžืจ (ืฉื,ื',ื–'):

ื•ึฐืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืจึถื’ึถืœ ื™ึฐืฉืึธืจึธื” ื•ึฐื›ึทืฃ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึฐื›ึทืฃ ืจึถื’ึถืœ ืขึตื’ึถืœ ื•ึฐื ึนืฆึฐืฆึดื™ื ื›ึผึฐืขึตื™ืŸ ื ึฐื—ืฉืึถืช ืงึธืœึธืœ:

ื”ื ืจืื• ืฉื ืžืฉื”ื•, ื”ื ื–ื›ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ื›ืฃ ืจื’ืœ ืขื’ืœ.
ื ื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื: ื”ื ืจืื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฃ ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืขื’ืœ. ืœื–ื” ื”ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ. ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืขืœื” ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืืฉ, ื”ื ืจืื• ืฉื ืžืฉื”ื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื‘ื”. ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช (ืฉื,ืž"ื’,ื'-ื’'):

ื•ึทื™ึผื•ึนืœึดื›ึตื ึดื™ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืขึทืจ ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืคึผึนื ึถื” ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ึดื™ื:
ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื›ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึธื ืžึดื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืงื•ึนืœื•ึน ื›ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœ ืžึทื™ึดื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึตืึดื™ืจึธื” ืžึดื›ึผึฐื‘ึนื“ื•ึน:
ื•ึผื›ึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ื”ึทืžึผึทืจึฐืึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ื›ึผึทืžึผึทืจึฐืึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึดื™ ืœึฐืฉืึทื—ึตืช ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืื•ึนืช ื›ึผึทืžึผึทืจึฐืึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึถืœ ื ึฐื”ึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื•ึธืึถืคึผึนืœ ืึถืœ ืคึผึธื ึธื™:

ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืจืื™ื”. ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžืชืืจ ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืขืœ ื ื”ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืืœื•ืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื. ื”ื ืจืื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘. ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืžื” ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื–ื” ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืจืฆื” ืื•ืชื.

ื”ื–ื”ื‘

ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืืฉ ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช ืžืฉื. ืื•ืžืจ ืื”ืจืŸ: ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื–ื”ื‘, ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื–ื”ื‘. ื”ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ืขื’ืœ ืžืขืฅ. ืื”ืจืŸ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืš ื•ืื– ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืœืš ื•ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืขื’ืœ ื™ืฆื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื’ืœ ื™ืฆื ืข"ื™ ื”ืงื•ืกืžื™ื ืื• ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘. ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื™ืš, ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื. ื”ืขื’ืœ ื™ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืืฉ ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืฉื” ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื ืžื”ืืฉ. ืœืคืชืข ืงื•ืจื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ืœื ื™ืฆื ื”ืขื’ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืืฉ ืืœื ืžืฉื” ืžื’ื™ืข. ืžืฉื” ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœ ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืืฉ. ื‘ืขืฆื ืจืฆื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืื•ืžืจ (ืœ"ื‘,ืœ"ื)

ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ื”โ€™ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึทืจ ืึธื ึผึธื ื—ึธื˜ึธื ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื—ึฒื˜ึธืึธื” ื’ึฐื“ึนืœึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืœึธื”ึถื ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘:

ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื–ื”ื‘. ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ืžืง ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืืžื™ืจืชื ืฉืžืฉื” ื‘ื ื‘ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขืœ ื”ื–ื”ื‘. ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ื–ื”? ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ. ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื โ€“ ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ืืชื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืคืฉืจืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื’ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™. ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืืœื ืฉื–ื” ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืจื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื•ืฉื”ื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื”, ืื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืฉื–ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืกื•ื‘ืš, ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื”.

ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช: ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ ืื• ืœื? ืžื“ื•ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื•ืืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ? ื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” "ืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•". ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื— ืืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื›ื–ื”. ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื”ื ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืฉื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืขืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื•, ื•ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš. ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืกื ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืื•ื“.

"ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ"

ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื ื“ื™ืจ ื•ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืง (ืœ"ื‘,ื›"ื”-ื›"ื–):

ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึธื ื›ึผึดื™ ืคึธืจึปืขึท ื”ื•ึผื ื›ึผึดื™ ืคึฐืจึธืขึนื” ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืฆึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืงึธืžึตื™ื”ึถื:
ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ืžืฉืึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถื” ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืžึดื™ ืœึทื”โ€™ ืึตืœึธื™ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืึธืกึฐืคื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืœึตื•ึดื™:
ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”โ€™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉื‚ึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ึผื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐืจึตื›ื•ึน ืขึดื‘ึฐืจื•ึผ ื•ึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ื•ึผ ืžึดืฉึผืึทืขึทืจ ืœึธืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถื” ื•ึฐื”ึดืจึฐื’ื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืงึฐืจึนื‘ื•ึน:

ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื™ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”? ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื–ื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืžื™ื“ ืื—"ื› ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉื›ื•ืจืชื™ื ืขื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉืœื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ื‘ืคืจืง ืœ"ื“ ื ืืžืจืช ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื‘ืคืจืง ื›"ื’. ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™: ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ. ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ ื ืืžืจ (ื›"ื’,ื™"ื–):

ืฉืึธืœืฉื ืคึผึฐืขึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื™ึตืจึธืึถื” ื›ึผึธืœ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืจึฐืšึธ ืึถืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึธื“ึนืŸ ื”โ€™:

ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”. ื‘ืคืจืง ืœ"ื“ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืฉื•ื‘, ืจืง ืฉืฉื ื ืืžืจ (ืœ"ื“,ื›"ื’):

ืฉืึธืœืฉื ืคึผึฐืขึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื™ึตืจึธืึถื” ื›ึผึธืœ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืจึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึธื“ึนืŸ ื”โ€™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ:

ื›ืขืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื–ื” ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ, ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืฉื ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”. ื›ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžื” ื–ื” ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืจื•ืื™ื ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื•.

ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื’ืœ

ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืืžืจ "ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ"? ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ "ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœ"! ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช (ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื ื“ืฃ ื "ื“ ืข"ื):

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืงื˜ื™ื ื: ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœืจื’ืœ ืžื’ืœืœื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ื›ืช ื•ืžืจืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ืจืื• ื—ื‘ืชื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื›ื—ื‘ืช ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”.

ืœื–ื” ืขื•ืœื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื. ืื ื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”'. ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœืจืื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ืžืื•ื“ ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื’ืœ. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ื•ืžืฆืคื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ื–ื›ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.


1 ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื ืขืœื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ื“ืฃ ื–' ืข"ื), ืข"ืฉ.
2 ื›ืœ ืขืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื โ€“ ื”'ืชืฉืก"ื“.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *