ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข โ€“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืœื—ืžื™ื

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืขืดื‘
 
13/03/2012

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืœื—ืžื™ื

ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกืœืžื” ื‘ื“ืจื•ื, ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืชื ื•, ืืฉืจ ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื‘ืขืช ื”ื–ื•.
ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื”,ื ,ื’) :

ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ 'ื•ื™ืขืฉ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ' ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื›ื™ ืืขืœื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืš' ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ืžื“ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื. ืžื“ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื ืžื›ื” ื‘ืื™ื–ืžืœ ื•ืžืจืคื ื‘ืจื˜ื™ื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืจืคื ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื•ื™ื‘ืื• ืžืจืชื” ื•ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื™ื ืžืžืจื”' ืœืžื”? 'ื›ื™ ืžืจื™ื ื”ื'. ืืžืจ ืจ' ืœื•ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืจ ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื•, 'ื•ื™ืฆืขืง ืืœ ื”' ื•ื™ื•ืจื”ื• ื”' ืขืฅ', ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื”? ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื–ื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืจื“ื•ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชืื ื™ื ื•ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื•ื ื˜ืœื• ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื• ืœืžื™ื ืžื™ื“ 'ื•ื™ืžืชืงื• ื”ืžื™ื' ื”ื•ื™ 'ื•ืžืžื›ื•ืชื™ืš ืืจืคืืš'. ื•ื›ืŸ ืืชื” ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ืžื™ืžื™ ืืœื™ืฉืข ืžื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื•ื”ืžื™ื ืจืขื™ื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืฉื›ืœืช', ืืžืจ ืœื”ื 'ืงื—ื• ืœื™ ืฆืœื•ื—ื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืฉื™ืžื• ืฉื ืžืœื— ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืืœื™ื•', ื•ืžื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื•ื™ืจืคืื• ื”ืžื™ื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ืฉืข ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจ'โ€ฆ ืืฃ ื›ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื˜ืื• ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื', ื•ื ืจืคืื• ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื•ื™ืขืฉ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ืืช ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืขืฆื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื'.

ื”' ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชื ืœื›ื— ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื”ื™ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ื ื• -ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื•- ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ืœืœืžื“ื ื•.
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืฉืœื™ืœื”, ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ (ืื’ืจืช ืงืœื“) ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช:

ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช, ืฉื›ืœ ื“ืขื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืœืกืชื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื“ื•ืงื ืœืกืชื•ืจ ืื•ืชื”, ื›ื™ ืื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืžืขืœ ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื ื ื• ืžืชืจื•ืžืžื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”. ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืชื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ืื—"ื› ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื ืœื—ืฆื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ ืžืœื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขืœื™ื” ื’"ื›. ื™ืฉ ืข"ื– ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืงืฉื” ืœื™ ืœื”ืืจื™ืš, ื•ืœื—ื›ื ืœื‘ ืฉื›ืžื•ืชืš ื™ืกืคื™ืง ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืœืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ืœื“ื’ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื“' ืžืžืขืœ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ื”ืืžืชื™ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœ.

ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืช ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ืข"ื’ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื ื’ื“ื™. ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืชื•ืš ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืื™ื•ื ื•ืœื—ืฅ, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ื‘ืืžืช ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืžืช ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™, ืกื•ืคื• ืฉื™ื›ืฉืœ. ืœื›ืœ ืชื ื•ืขื” ืื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื• ื™ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืืžืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืื•ืชื”. ืจืง ืื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ื•ืžืชืจื•ืžืžื™ื ืžืขืœื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืฆื—. ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื• ื’ื ืขื•ืžืง ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืจื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื” ื•ืœืžืชืงื”. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืกืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืขื” ื”ืžื ื•ื’ื“ืช, ื›ื™ ืื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.

ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ื’,ื-ื“), ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืืฃ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•:

ืึตืœึผึถื” ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึดื ึผึดื™ื—ึท ื”' ืœึฐื ึทืกึผื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึธื ืึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ื™ึธื“ึฐืขื•ึผ ืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึดืœึฐื—ึฒืžื•ึนืช ื›ึผึฐื ึธืขึทืŸ
ืจึทืง ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ื“ึผึทืขึทืช ื“ึผึนืจื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐืœึทืžึผึฐื“ึธื ืžึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” ืจึทืง ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ืœึนื ื™ึฐื“ึธืขื•ึผื
ื—ึฒืžึตืฉืึถืช ืกึทืจึฐื ึตื™ ืคึฐืœึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึผึดื™ื“ึนื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึดื•ึผึดื™ ื™ึนืฉืึตื‘ ื”ึทืจ ื”ึทืœึผึฐื‘ึธื ื•ึนืŸ ืžึตื”ึทืจ ื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื—ึถืจึฐืžื•ึนืŸ ืขึทื“ ืœึฐื‘ื•ึนื ื—ึฒืžึธืช
ื•ึทื™ึผึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืœึฐื ึทืกึผื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึธื ืึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึธื“ึทืขึทืช ื”ึฒื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืขื•ึผ ืึถืช ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึนืช ื”' ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ืึถืช ืึฒื‘ื•ึนืชึธื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ืžึนืฉืึถื”

ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื• ืžื•ืงืคื™ื ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืขื‘ืจ, ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื ื‘ืจืจ โ€“ ืœืฉื ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ. ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื ืงืจืื™ื ืื ื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืกืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžื™ื—ื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ื ื•, ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื•ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืžืื‘ืงื ื•, ืขื•ืœื” ืœื ื• ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ื‘ื“ ื‘ืขืช ืงืจื‘.
ื‘ื“ื•"ื— ื•ื™ื ื•ื’ืจื“, ื ืžื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื”ื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืจืคื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืฆื”"ืœ: ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืงื”ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืขืจื” ื•ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืžืœื—ืžืชื ื•.

ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื"ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ: "ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืœื™ ืชื”ื™ืœืชื™ ื™ืกืคืจื•". ื”ื ื ื• ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืงื‘"ื”: "ื•ืืชื ืขื“ื™ ื ืื•ื ื”' ื•ืื ื™ ื-ืœ". ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืคืœื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืœืš, ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ืชืžืกืจื•ืช ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”', ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื–ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ.

ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืืžื•ื ื™ืช ืœื ืจืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืœ ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ื•, ืืœื ื’ื ืžืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ื ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื ืžืชื•ืš ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ืชื™ ื•ืืžื•ื ื™ ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžื—ื–ืง ืื•ืชื. ื’ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืจืชื•ื ืืช ื”ื›ื— ื”ืืžื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื”' ืื—ื“, ื”ื ื‘ื“ืœ ืืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืขืœืชื• ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื›ืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฉื™ืข. ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื ืขืฉื” ื—ื™ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืก ืฆืจื™ื ื•.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *