ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืก"ื’ (ืข"ื) โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื”ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
18/07/1980

ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืœืžื“ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื” ืข"ืค ื”ืจืž"ืข ืžืคืื ื•.

ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืก"ื’ (ืข"ื) 1:

ืืžืจ ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืฉื• ื ื—ืฉ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘) ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื–ื™ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืื ื™ ืœื™ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื•' ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื–ื—ืœืชื™ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘) ืขื ื—ืžืช ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ ืขืคืจ.

ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžื›ืจืขืช ื‘ื›ื— ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืžืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•

ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื™ื“ืช ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”, ืžื•ื‘ื ื”, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื”, ื”ื›ืœืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ื“ืŸ ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•2.
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืž"ืข ืžืคืื ื•:

ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื”ื’ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžืกืจืก ื”ืงืœืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืœืžืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื”ืฉื•ืืช ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื“ืข ื“ืขืช ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืŸ ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžืขืฆืžื• โ€“ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื–ืจ ื›ื ื’ื“ื• ืžืืฉื” ื™ืจืืช ื”' ืขืฆื ืžืขืฆืžื™ื• โ€“ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืกื“ ื•ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืฉืชืœืžืช ืžื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื”, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืงื‘ืœื” ืžืจื‘ื• โ€“ ื›ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื• โ€“ ืขืœืช ื”ืขืœื•ืชโ€ฆ

ื”ื›ื— ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•. ื›ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืขืœืช ื”ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ืžื”ื ื‘ื ื”ื›ื— ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื•ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.

ืงื•ืžืชื• ื”ื–ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื

ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืžื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžื”ืœืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ื–ืงื•ืคื”.
ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืงื•ืžืชื• ื”ื–ืงื•ืคื”? ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ืžืก' ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” (ื˜"ื– ืข"ื) ืื•ืžืจืช:

ืฉืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืœืฉื” ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืชโ€ฆ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื“ืขืช ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ื•ืžื”ืœื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ื–ืงื•ืคื” ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ื•ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช

ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ (ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืค"ื‘ ืž"ื):

ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื‘ืจื ื”ืฉ"ื™ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ื–ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกืชื›ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ื•ื™ื“ืข ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืโ€ฆ

ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืจืขื”

ื›ืš ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื‘:

ืืžืจ ืจ' ื™ื ืื™ ืื™ืœื• ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ืชื•ื›ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœืจื’ืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ืžื” ื˜ืขื? 'ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืืœ ืžืฉื”', ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื ื™ ื”ื™ืืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืœื›ื”, ืืžืจ ืœื• 'ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช' ืจื‘ื• ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืŸ ื–ื›ื• ืจื‘ื• ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืž"ื˜ ืคื ื™ื ื˜ืžื ื•ืž"ื˜ ืคื ื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืŸ 'ื•ื“ื’ืœ"ื•'. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ 'ืืžืจื•ืช ื”' ืืžืจื•ืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืกืฃ ืฆืจื•ืฃ ื‘ืขืœื™ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ืžื–ื•ืงืง ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื', ื•ืื•ืžืจ 'ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื ืื”ื‘ื•ืš'.

ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืืœื™ื ื•. ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืืœ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืœื›ื”. ืžื” ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ืž"ื˜ ืคื ื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•ืž"ื˜ ืคื ื™ื ื˜ืžื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื›ืœ ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ืฉ ืคื ื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื›ืืŸ. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื—ืชื•ื›ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื–ื• ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื”, ืืœื ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื›ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” "ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืืœ ืžืฉื”". ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืœื™ื• ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืžื ื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ื›ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื”? "ืžืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•". ื›ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืชืื—ื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืฉื•ืงืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื•ืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ื”ืœื›ื”.

ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉืืœื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื›ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื”

ื›ืฉืื“ื ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉืืœื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช, ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืคื ื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ ื•ืคื ื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ ืœืืกื•ืจ ืื• ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื˜ืžื ืื• ืœื˜ื”ืจ.
ื”ื—ื›ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข; ื”ื›ื— ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื”ื•ื ืžืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•, ืžื›ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืขืœืช ื”ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ื›ืœ ืฉืืœื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ื‘ื ืžืœืžืขืœื”.
ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ื˜ื” (ื›"ื‘ ืข"ื) ืื•ืžืจืช:

ืชื ื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื ืก"ื“ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืฉืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฉื ืชืŸ.

ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ (ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืค' ื˜"ื•):

ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื ืกืœืงื ื“ืขืชืš ืืœื ืฉืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฉื ืชืŸ ืชื ื™ื ื ืžื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื•ื›ื™ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ืœื• ืืœื ืฉืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฉื ืชืŸโ€ฆ
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื ื•, ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœื™ืช, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœื™ ื•ืžื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื.
โ€ฆ ื•ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช ื•ืœื ื™ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืืžืช, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ื›ื ืจืง ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื•ื ืชื• ื•ื—ื›ืžืชื• ืชื˜ืขื” ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื”ื•ื‘ ืืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืจื” ื›ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืŸ ืฉื›ืœื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืง ืžื” ืฉืขื™ื ื™ื• ืจื•ืื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื™ ืฉืคื•ืกืง ืžืชื•ืš ื—ื‘ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ื›ืžื• ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš.

ื›ืœ ืฉืืœื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืชื•ืจื” ื—ืชื•ื›ื” ืืœื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ืชื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื. "ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”" ื›ืš ืžืชื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
ืฉืืœื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืฉืื™ืคื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš.

ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืจื‘ื• ืžืœืžืขืœื”

ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ื–ื” ืืช ื›ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื”ื‘ื ืžืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•. ืชื•ืจืชื• ืชื•ืจื” ื—ืชื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ืคื ื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ ื•ืคื ื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื•ืจืชื• ื—ืชื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืจื’ืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ื•ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื•ื—ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืขื ืคื ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”.
ื•ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืจื’ืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืœืš ืขืœ ื’ื—ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื”, ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ืžื‘ื˜ื” ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืืช ืฉืื™ืคืชื” ืœืžืขืœื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืคืœืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื” ื•ื–ื•ื—ืœืช ื‘ืขืคืจ3.

ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืฉื• ื ื—ืฉ

ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขื ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืฉื• ื ื—ืฉ. ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ื ื—ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื™ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ื™.
ืืฃ ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื™ื”, ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื—ื˜ื, ืžื”ืœืš ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื•, ื•ืžืกืชื›ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”. ืžืฉื—ื˜ื ื ืชืงืฆืฆื• ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื’ื—ื•ืŸ, ื•ื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• "ื—ืžืช ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ ืขืคืจ".
ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ืืœื™ื”ื•ื "ื–ื—ืœืชื™ ื•ืื™ืจื ืžื—ืžืช ื“ืขื™ ืืชื›ื" ืฉื›ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื—ืžืช ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ ืขืคืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื—ืœืชื™ ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื ื—ืฉ.
ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™' "ื–ื•ื—ืœ" ื•ื ืžืกืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ "ื—ืžืช ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ ืขืคืจ".

ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”

ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”. ืžื™ื“ืช ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื— ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข4. ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื”ื›ื— ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื›ื— ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ื“ืŸ ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืžืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืจื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ืžืจื‘ื•. ื–ื• ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ืžืœืžืขืœื” ืžื›ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืขื™ืœืช ื”ืขื™ืœื•ืช.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืœื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืจื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื• ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”.


 

 

1 ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืง"ื™ (ืข"ื), ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืจืื” ื›ืืŸ.
2 ืจืฉ"ื™ ืกื•ื›ื” ื™"ื ืข"ื‘ ื“"ื” "ืœื ื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ".
3 ืขื™' ื–ื”ืจ ื•ื™ืฉืœื— ืงืข"ื:
ืคืชื— ื•ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื’ ื™ื“) ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื ืืœ ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื›ื™ ืขืฉื™ืช ื–ืืช ืืจื•ืจ ืืชื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื” ื•ื’ื•' ืขืœ ื’ื—ื•ื ืš ืชืœืš, ืžืื™ ืขืœ ื’ื—ื•ื ืš ืชืœืš, ื“ืืชื‘ืจื• ืกืžื›ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื•ืงืฆื™ืฆื• ืจื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ืœื™ืช ืœื™ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ื“ืงืื™ื, ื•ื›ื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื‘ืขืืŸ ืœืกืžื›ื ืœื™ื” ืœืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืื™ื ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื” ืกืžื›ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืงื™ืŸ ืœืงื™ื™ืžื ื•ืœืืชืชืงืคื ื‘ื”ื•. ืชื ื—ื–ื™ ื›ืžื” ืขืงื™ืžื• ื•ื—ื›ื™ืžื• ืืชื—ื›ื ื‘ื”ื”ื•ื ืœื™ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื ื—ืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœื™ื” ื“ื™ืขืงื‘, ื“ื”ื ืื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ื” ื™ื“ืข ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื ื›ื– ื›ื‘) ื”ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื•, ื•ืื™ ืคืกื™ืง ืงืœื ื“ื™ืขืงื‘, ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื•, ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ืืกืชื›ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ืŸ ืœืื‘ืืฉื ืœื™ื” ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืœืืคืกืงื ืงืœื™ื”, ื•ื—ืžื ืœื™ื” ืชืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื›ืœื, ื“ืจื•ืขื™ืŸ ืžืกื˜ืจื ื“ื ื•ืžืกื˜ืจื ื“ื ื“ืื™ื ื•ืŸ ืชืงืคื™ืŸ, ื’ื•ืคื ื“ืืชืชืงืฃ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื”ื•, ื•ื—ืžื ืชื•ืงืคื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ืืชืชืงืฃ ื‘ื›ืœื, ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืจื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•, ืžื” ืขื‘ื“ ืžื™ื“ ื•ื™ื’ืข ื‘ื›ืฃ ื™ืจื›ื•, ื“ืืชื—ื›ื ืœืงื‘ืœื™ื”, ืืžืจ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืืชื‘ืจื• ืกืžื›ื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืžื™ื“ ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื ืืชืชืงืฃ.
ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืกื•ืœื: ืคืชื— ื•ืืžืจ "ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”' ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื’ื•' ืขืœ ื’ื—ื•ื ืš ืชืœืš" ืžื”ื• "ืขืœ ื’ื—ื•ื ืš ืชืœืš". ื›ื™ ื ืฉื‘ืจื• ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื•ื ืงืฆืฆื• ืจื’ืœื™ื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืขืžื•ื“. ื›ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืงื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ื”ื. ื‘ื•ื ื•ืจืื” ื›ืžื” ืžืจืžื” ื•ืขืจืžื” ื”ืชื—ื›ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื ื—ืฉ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™ืขืงื‘. ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื”ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื•". ืฉืื ื ืคืกืง ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื– ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื•, ืžืฉื•ื ื–ื” ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืจืข ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืงื•ืœ ืชื•ืจืชื•. ื•ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื›ืœ, ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ื–ื” ื•ืžืฆื“ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื, ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื•ืจืื” ื›ื— ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื• ื•ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืง ืžื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช, ืื– ื•ื™ืจื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•. ืžื” ืขืฉื”, ืžื™ื“, "ื•ื™ื’ืข ื‘ื›ืฃ ื™ืจื›ื•" ืฉื ืชื—ื›ื ื›ื ื’ื“ื•, ืืžืจ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจื• ืชื•ืžื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืžื™ื“ ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ืขื•ื“.
4 ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื”: "ืคืขืžื™ื ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžืชืคืืจืช ืฉื‘ืชืคืืจืช, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืงื• ื”ืฉื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•"ื’, ื•ืื– ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืžื•ื–ื’, ืœื ืจื—ืžื™ื ื’ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื”ื, ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ืชืคืืจืช".
ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืž"ืข ืžืคืื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื”: "ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื”ื’ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžืกืจืก ื”ืงืœืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืœืžืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื”ืฉื•ืืช ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”".

 

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *