ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื‘ื (ื™"ื’, ื‘') โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื”ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืดืž
 
18/07/1980

ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืœืžื“ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื” ืข"ืค ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืืจ"ื™.

ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื‘ื (ื™"ื’, ื™"ื‘):

ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืš โ€“
ืœืžื” ื ืืžืจ?
ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ื•ืคื“ื•ื™ื™ื• ืžื‘ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืชืคื“ื” ื›ืœืœ.
ื‘ืขืจื›ืš ื›ืกืฃ ื—ืžืฉืช ืฉืงืœื™ื ืคืจื˜.
ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ืžื” ืฉื‘ืคืจื˜.
ื•ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืš ืชืคื“ื” ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื›ืœืœ, ืื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืืžืจืช ืœืื•, ืืœื ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ, ืืœื ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜, ืžื” ื”ืคืจื˜ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ, ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื•ืคืŸ ืžืžื•ืŸ, ืืฃ ืื ื™ ืื™ื ื™ ืžืจื‘ื” ืืœื ื ื›ืกื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช.

ื–"ืœ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ:

ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืชืขืœื” ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ื•ืชื›ืจื™ืข ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ื”ืช"ืช. ื•ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ, ื›ื™ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืช"ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื•"ืง, ื•ืคืจื˜ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื“ืœื™ืช ืœื” ืžื’ืจืžื” ื›ืœื•ื. ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉืฉื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืžืชืคืจืฉื™ื, ื‘ืกื•ื“, ื•ืคืจื˜ ื›ืจืžืš ืœื ืชืขื•ืœืœ ืœืขื ื™ ื•ืœื’ืจ ืชืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื, ื›ื™ ืฉื ืžืงื•ืžื. ื•ื›ืœืœ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื ืงืจื ื›ืœ, ื“ื›ืœื™ืœ ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื˜ื•ืคื ื—ื“ื. ื•ืื– ื™ืชื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ืคื™ ื”ื›ืจืขืช ืžื“ืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืื™ ืืชื” ื“ืŸ ืืœื ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช.

ืžื™ื“ืช ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ืžื™ื“ืช ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ ื™ืชื‘ืืจื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืชื• ืœืขื™ืŸ ืื™ื”, ื‘ื‘ืืจื• ืฉืชื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื:

โ€ฆ ื”ืื—ื“, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืืžืจ ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื•, ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœื• ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื•. ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืคืจื•ืฉ, ืžืคื•ืจืฉ1โ€ฆ ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉื ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืืžืจ ืืœื ืฉื”ื ื‘ื• ืžืงื•ืคืœื™ื, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื”ืงืžื˜ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืืžืจ.
ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื—ืฉ ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื›ืžื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื— ื›ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืืžืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื—ืฉ ืขืžื”ื ืขืค"ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืขืœ ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ื•ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื’ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืืžืจโ€ฆ ืžื–ื” ื”ืฆื“ ื™ื•ืงื—ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืžืื“, ืข"ื– ื ืืžืจ (ืื‘ื•ืช ื•, ื) "ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื•ื›ื ื”ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืกืง". ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื”. ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืื” ืœื• ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจ, ื‘ืืจ ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื2.

ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืคืจื˜ ืžืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ. ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ, ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืคืจื˜ ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืจ โ€“ "ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜".
ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคืืจืช ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืืœื ืžืคืจืฉืช ืืช ื”ืชืคืืจืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืžื” ืžืฉืคื™ืขื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ, ื›ื‘ืืจ ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜.

ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ. ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ืคืจื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื—. ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื• ื ืืžืจื• ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™"ื—, ืคืกื•ืงื™ื: ื—', ื˜"ื–):

ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื ื” ื ืชืชื™ ืœืš ืืช ืžืฉืžืจืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืชื™ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืš ื ืชืชื™ื ืœืžื•ืฉื—ื” ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ืš ืœื—ื•ืง ืขื•ืœืโ€ฆ ื•ืคื“ื•ื™ื™ื• ืžื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืคื“ื” ื‘ืขืจื›ืš ื›ืกืฃ ื—ืžืฉืช ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืงืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื’ืจื” ื”ื•ื.

ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคื•ื“ื” ื‘ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ืžื” ืฉื‘ืคืจื˜ ื›ืกืฃ ื—ืžืฉืช ืฉืงืœื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื ื ืœื.
ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ. ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื ื ืืžืจ (ื™"ื’, ืคืกื•ืงื™ื: ื'-ื‘', ื™"ื‘-ื™"ื’):

ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืœืืžื•ืจ. ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืคื˜ืจ ื›ืœ ืจื—ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื“ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื”ืžื” ืœื™ ื”ื•ื. ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืœ ืคื˜ืจ ืจื—ื ืœื”' โ€ฆ ื•ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืš ืชืคื“ื”.

ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื” ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ. ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”' ื”ื, ื•ืžื”' ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื“ื•ืชื.
ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ โ€“ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืคื•ื“ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื•. ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื—ื™' ื™ืกื•ื“3 ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืฉืงืœื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜, ืœืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืข ืœื‘ืืจ ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื. ืœื ืจืง ืฉืงืœื™ื ื›ื™ ืื ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ืœื˜ืœ ื•ื’ื•ืคื• ืžืžื•ืŸ.


 

1 ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช (ื“' ืข"ื‘) ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื• (ื‘ืืžืฆืข "ื” "ื“ื“ืจื™ืฉ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜): "ืคืจื˜ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ืžื” ืฉื‘ืคืจื˜".
2 ืืฃ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ ื•ื›ืœืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื. ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ "ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื•" ื•ื–ื” ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ. ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื™' ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜. ื•ื“ื•"ืง.
3 ืขื™' ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืฉื” ืค"ื“: "ื•ื™ืžื›ืจื• ืืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœื™ื ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืืžืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืืชื ืžื›ืจืชื ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืจื—ืœ ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืžืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื—ืžืฉ ืกืœืขื™ื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืคืจื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื‘ื ื• ื—ืžืฉ ืกืœืขื™ื ื‘ืžื ื” ืฆื•ืจื™". ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื“ืชื• "ื™ืกื•ื“" ื•ื‘ื ื”ืื‘ ื”ืคื•ื“ื” ื•ืžืชืงืŸ ื—ื˜ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืคื’ืข ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื™ืกื•ื“. (ืขืค" ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื™ืขืงื‘).

 

 

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *