ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื

ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ ืข"ืค ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืคื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืจ. ืขืจืš: ื™ืขืงื‘ ืงื•ืคืœ.
ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืจ
ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื“
 
15/03/2004

ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื

ืื•ืจ ืœื™"ื“

ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช: "ืื•ืจ ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืžืฅ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจโ€ฆ". ื”ื’ืžืจื ืคื•ืชื—ืช ื‘ืฉืืœื” "ืžืื™ ืื•ืจ"? ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ืชืžื™ื”ื•ืช.
ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืžืฉื ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื•ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจื•ืš ื–ืืช ื‘ืกื‘ืจื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ "ืฉืจื’ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื”ืจื ืœืžื” ืœื™" (ืœืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื ืจ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื•ื)?
ื”ืื ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื—ืžืฅ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื›ืขืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื—ืžืฅ?
ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื–"ืœ ื—ื™ืคืฉื• ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืœ"ืคืจื™ ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืจ" โ€“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืืชืจื•ื’, ืืœื ืฉื—ื™ืคืฉื• ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื. ืื•ืœื, ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืœื ื• ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืืœื ืžืžืฉ ืœื—ืคืฉ ืžื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื” "ืื•ืจ".

ืื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื” ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื” "ืื•ืจ" ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื•ืœื•ืžืจ "ืžืคืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืžืจื" โ€“ ืืš ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืš, ืžื›ืืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืคืฉื•ื˜. (ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ื“"ื” "ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจ" โ€“ "ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืžืคืจืฉ ื˜ืขืžื", ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ ืืœื ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ).

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืื•ืจ:

ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ โ€“ ื ื’ื”ื™. ื•ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ โ€“ ืœื™ืœื™. ืงื ืกืœืงื ื“ืขืชืš ื‘ืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ื ื’ื”ื™ โ€“ ื ื’ื”ื™ ืžืžืฉ. ื•ืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืœื™ืœื™ โ€“ ืœื™ืœื™ ืžืžืฉ.

ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”"ืงื ืกืœืงื ื“ืขืชืš". ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• "ื”ื•ื ืืžื™ื ื" ืฉืžื™ ืฉืืžืจ ื ื’ื”ื™ ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ืœื™, ื’ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช. ื”ืื ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืฉ"ืงื ืžืฉืžืข ืœืŸ" ืฉืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช?
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืœื ื’ื•ืจืก ื–ืืช โ€“ "ืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืœื™ืœื™ ืœื™ืœื™ ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื’ืจืกื™ื ืŸ ื“ื”ื ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื™ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ". ืื•ืœื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื.

ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื

ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืœื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืžืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช "ื•ื™ืงืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื™ื•ืโ€ฆ"?
"ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื•ืจ" โ€“ ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื– ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืืžืช "ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ืื™ืจ". ื”ืื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื’ืžืจื ื”ื•ื ืืžื™ื ื ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื•ื ื”? ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื“ื—ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจืช?

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืข ืจืื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื™ืฉื ื ืžืกืคืจ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื ืื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ื“ื—ื• ืฉ"ืื•ืจ ืื•ืจืชื ื”ื•ื". ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืขื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ:

ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉื ืชื ื• ืื•ืจืชื ื”ื•ื ื•ืœืžื” ืœื™ ืœืžื™ืžืจ ืขื•ื“ ืช"ืฉ? ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ืžื–ื• ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžืขื ื• ื›ื™ ืื•ืจ ืื•ืจืชื ื”ื•ื ืืœื ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื–ื• ื”ืื—ืจืช

ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืงืฉื” โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ ืฉืืœ ืžื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื•ืช ืœื ื• ืฉืืจ ื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš?

ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื‘ืจืื™ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” "ื“ืชื ื™ ื“ื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ โ€“ ืœื™ืœื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืžืฅ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจโ€ฆ", ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื–ื•?

ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื:

ืืœืžื ืื•ืจ ืื•ืจืชื ื”ื•ื. ืืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื“ื›ื•ืœื™ ืขืœืžื ืื•ืจ ืื•ืจืชื ื”ื•ื. ื•ืœื ืคืœื™ื’ื™. ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืืชืจื™ื” ื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืืชืจื™ื”, ื‘ืืชืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื™ ื ื’ื”ื™ ื•ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื“ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืงืจื™ ืœื™ืœื™.

ืื ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื ืื™ื ื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืืœื ื–ื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกืœื ื’, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ืœืืชื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื“ืฃ ื•ื—ืฆื™?

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื•ืฉื•ืืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” "ื•ืชื ื ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ืžืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ืœื ืงืชื ื™ ืœื™ืœื™?" ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื•ืคื ื™ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืžืฉื ืชื™ื ื•. ื”ืจื™ ืจืื™ื ื• ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชื ืื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื ืงื˜ื• ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืื•ืจ'?

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš "ืœื™ืฉื ื ืžืขืœื™ื ื ืงื˜". ื•ืงืฉื”, ื”ืื ืœื™ืœื” ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื’ื•ื ื”? ื”ืื ื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœ"ื‘ื”ืžื” ื˜ืžืื”"?
ื•ืขื•ื“, ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืื›ืŸ ื ืงื˜ื” ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืืช? ื”ืื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืขืœื™ื ืืš ืœื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•?

ื–ืžื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื’

ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื“ืฃ ื“: ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจ"ืž ืœืจ"ื™, ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื™ ืขืœืžื ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉืขื” ืฉื™ืฉื™ืช. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื•ืืœืช "ืžื ืœืŸ?" ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื:
ืฉืžื•ืช (ื™"ื‘, ื™"ื˜) "ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ืจ ืœื ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื›ื"
ืฉืžื•ืช (ื™"ื‘, ื˜"ื•) "ืืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืื•ืจ ืžื‘ืชื™ื›ื".
ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืข ืฉืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืฉืื•ืจ ื”ื•ื "ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื". ืื•ืœื, ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืจืง ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื—ืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื‘ืชืช ื”ืฉืื•ืจ, ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื.
ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื:

ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ืœื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืžื ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื™ืœื™ ื—ืžืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ืœื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ. ื“ืกืœืงื ื“ืขืชืš ืืžื™ื ื "ื™ืžื™ื" ื›ืชื™ื‘. ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœื, ืงื ืžืฉืžืข ืœืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื™ืœื•ืช.

ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉืชื”ื ื”ื•ื ืืžื™ื ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืงื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืžื”ืขืจื‘?

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื”.) ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉ"ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ" ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื™"ื“ ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืจืื™ื” ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง (ื™"ื‘, ื™"ื—) "ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ". ื•ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ? ื”ืจื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ!

ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื

ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืžืฉืžื•ืช (ื™"ื‘, ืž"ื-ื "ื) ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื™ืฆืื• ื‘ื™ื•ื. ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ (ืž"ื‘) "ืœื™ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื”' ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื" ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ื™ื•ื.
ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜"ื– (ื'-ื•') ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ (ื’') "ืœืžืขืŸ ืชื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื™ื•ื ืฆืืชืš ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื" ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ืขืœ ืฆื“ ืฉ"ื™ื•ื" ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœ"ื™ืžืžื”" (ืืš ื™ืฉื ื• ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœืคืจืฉ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”").
ืืฃ ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”' ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช (ื™"ื‘ ื›"ื‘) "ื•ืืชื ืœื ืชืฆืื• ืื™ืฉ ืžืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืชื• ืขื“ ื‘ื•ืงืจ". ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืœื™ืœื”.

ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—

ื•ื™ืงืจื (ื›"ื’, ื”'-ื•') "ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืคืกื—โ€ฆ" โ€“ "ื•ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช". ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืกืชื™ืจื” ื—ื–ื™ืชื™ืช โ€“ ื”ืื ืคืกื— ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื?
ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ (ื›"ื—, ื˜"ื–-ื™"ื–) "ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคืกื— ืœื”' " โ€“ "ื•ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื—ื’ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ื™ืื›ืœ". ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื” ืกืชื™ืจื”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื (ื˜"ื–, ื–') "ื•ื‘ืฉืœืช ื•ืื›ืœืชโ€ฆ ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื”ืœื›ืช ืœืื•ื”ืœื™ืš" โ€“ ื–ื”ื•, ื ื’ืžืจ ืคืกื—? ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ? ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘!
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืกืคืจื™ "ืœื‘ื•ืงืจื• ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™" (ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™). ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื“' ื‘ืื ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืขืช ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื˜"ื–.
ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื? ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืชื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช?

(ื—') "ืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ื ืชืื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช" โ€“ ื•ืžื” ืขื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™? "ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืขืฆืจืช ืœื”' ืืœืงื™ืš ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื”". ื•ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื’' ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื ืชืื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช".

ื™ืฉื ื ืฉื ื™ ื—ื’ื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื โ€“ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื•ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช.
ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ืžื ื• ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื˜"ื• ื•ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›"ื. ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ืฉื•ื ื”, ืืš ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœื• ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช.
ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื ื—ื’ื’ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื โ€“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจื• ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—. ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ. ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื (ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—) ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื– ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉื• ื›ืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžืชื™ ื–ื” "ืžืžื—ืจืช ื”ืคืกื—". ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช (ื™ืฉ ื—ืคื™ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื).
ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงืจืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— (ื–') "ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื”ืœื›ืช ืœืื•ื”ืœื™ืš" โ€“ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื ื’ืžืจ. ืืžื ื, ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืกื“ืจ. ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ื—') ืฉืื•ืžืจ "ืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ื ืชืื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช" ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ื‘ืฆืงื ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืฅ ื•ืื›ืœื• ืžืฆื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžืฆื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืื›ืœื•ืช ืขื ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื•ื”ื•".
ืฉืžื•ืช (ื™"ื‘, ื™"ื“) โ€“ "ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืœื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื’ื•ืชื ืื•ืชื• ื—ื’ ืœื”'".

ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืœ ื”ืคืกื— ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” โ€“ (ื™"ื“, ื–') "ื•ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื•ื™ื“ืข ืœื”' ืœื ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืช ืขืจื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจ" โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืคืกื™ื—ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžืขืœ ืžืฉื•ื›ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ.

ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืฉืžื•ืช (ื™"ื‘, ื™"ื—) "ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืขืจื‘" ืงืฉื” ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื™ืช. ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ื˜"ื• โ€“ ืืœื ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขืจื‘?
ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืžืžืฉื™ืš "ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื—ื“ ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืขืจื‘" โ€“ ื”ืื ืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืœื‘ื“ ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื?
ืืœื ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืชื‘ืœื‘ืœ. ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื’ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื“ื: "ื•ืฉืžืจืชื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช" ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช โ€“ "ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืฆื‘ืื•ืชื™ื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื" ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—.
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืชืœื‘ื˜ืช ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืฉืื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื”. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืชื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื—ืžืฅ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ: ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืคืกื— ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื. ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืืžื™ื ื ืฉื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื. ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ" ื”ื•ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช โ€“ ืืœื ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื (ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— โ€“ ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช) ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉ"ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ" ื”ื•ื ื™"ื“.
ืืžื ื, ื”ืžืกื•ืจื” ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืจืง ืฉืชื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืจืืฉึนืŸ" ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื—ืกืจ, ื‘ืคืกื•ืง (ื™"ื—) "ื‘ืจืืฉึนืŸโ€ฆ" ื•ื‘ืคืกื•ืง (ื˜"ื•) "ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืชืื›ืœื•โ€ฆ ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉึนืŸ ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™" ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ืจืžื– ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ "ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ" โ€“ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืœ"ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉืŸ" โ€“ ื”ื™ื•ื.

ืกื“ืจ ื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืคืชื™ื—ื”

ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ืื•ืจ. ืื ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ืื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฉืœ "ืœื™ืœ ื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ".

ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืขืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื (ืœื ื ืขืกื•ืง ื›ืจื’ืข ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื™ื).

ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืจืื™ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช โ€“ "ื•ื™ืงืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื™ื•ื" โ€“ ืืš ื”ืืžืช ืฉื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ.

1. ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช (ืž"ื“, ื’') "ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื•ืจ โ€“ โ€ฆื“ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ื™ื›ื ืก ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืฆื ื‘ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘" โ€“ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช (ื', ื“') "ื•ื™ืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘". ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืขืžื ื’ื‘ื™ืข ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืžืŸ ืœืœื ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื (ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง) โ€“ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืชื’ืœื’ืœื• ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”. ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืœื—ื•" ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช "ืฉืœื— ืืช ืขืžื™", "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื— ืคืจืขื” ืืช ื”ืขื". ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื’ื ื•ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื’ื ื’ื‘ื™ืข ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช "ื•ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ". ืืžื ื ื”ืื—ื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืืš ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ืช.

2. ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘' (ื›"ื’, ื“') "ื•ื›ืื•ืจ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื™ื–ืจื— ืฉืžืฉ". ืจืฉ"ื™ "ื•ื›ืื•ืจ ื‘ื•ืงืจ โ€“ โ€ฆ ื•ื”ื›ื™ ืงืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื›ืื•ืจ ื–ื” ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื›ืŸ ื™ื–ืจื— ืฉืžืฉ ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืžืืคื™ืœืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื". ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช (ื',ื”') ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ื™ื‘ื“ืœ ืืœืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš", ืฉื›ืŸ ืงืฉื” ืื ื”ืื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”? ืจืฉ"ื™ "ื•ื™ืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ื‘ื“ืœ โ€“ ืืฃ ื‘ื–ื” ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื’ื“ื”. ืจืื”ื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืจืฉืขื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœื• ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื".
ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ืจืื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื• ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื–ื• ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื.

3. (ื', ื”') "ื•ื™ืงืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื—ื•ืฉืš ืงืจื ืœื™ืœื”" โ€“ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื’ื ื– ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื’ืžืจื "ืงืจื™ื™ื” ืจื—ืžื ื ืœื ื”ื•ืจื ื•ืคืจื“ื™ืช ืืžืฆื•ืชื ื“ื™ืžืžื”, ื•ืงืจื™ื™ื” ืจื—ืžื ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื›ื ื ืคืงื“ื” ืืžืฆื•ืชื ื“ืœื™ืœื”". ืจืฉ"ื™ โ€“ "ืงืจื™ื™ื” ืจื—ืžื ื ืœื ื”ื•ืจื ื•ื›ื•' โ€“ ื”ืื™ ื•ื™ืงืจื ืœืื• ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื, ื“ืชื™ืžื ืฉืงืจื ืืช ืฉื ื”ืื•ืจ โ€“ ื™ื•ื. ืืœื ืงืจื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ืžืื™ืจื” ืฉื‘ืจื ืžื”ื•ื“ ืžืขื˜ื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉื•". ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉื ืืœื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื.
ื ืจืื” ืฉืœืฉื•ื ื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืง"ื“ "ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื ืคืฉื™" โ€“ "ืขื•ื˜ื” ืื•ืจ ื›ืฉืœืžื”". ื—ื–"ืœ โ€“ ื‘ื’ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ, ืœื›ืกื•ืช. ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืชื™ืจ ืžืžื’ืœื”.
ื‘ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื”ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื–.

4. ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื (ืงืž"ื—, ื’') "ื”ืœืœื•ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืื•ืจ" โ€“ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืžืกืจ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฉื‘ื— ืืช ื”'. ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืชื ื™ื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ืื•ืจ ืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื‘ืœืข ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ื”ืœืœื•ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืื•ืจ". ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื’ืžืจื "ื“ืื•ืจ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื ืžื™ ืื•ืจ ื”ื•ื" ื’ื ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืจื™ื ืžืขืฆืžื.
ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืื•ืจ ื ื’ื ื– ื™ืฉ ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ื "ื”ืœืœื•ื”ื• ื›ืœ ืฆื‘ืื™ื•, ื”ืœืœื•ื”ื• ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื™ืจื—, ื”ืœืœื•ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืื•ืจ". ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช "ืœืžืื™ ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” โ€“ ืœื ื•ื“ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ" โ€“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืคื™ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“, ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื’ื ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืื•ืจ.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืืœืžื ืื•ืจ ืื•ืจืชื ื”ื•ื" โ€“ ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื’ื ื– ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื›ืขืช ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืš, ืืœื ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš ืืœื ืื•ืจ.

5. ืืฆืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื ื”ื™ื” ื ื“ื‘ืง ืœืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืื›ืœ ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข ื•ืื– ื ื•ืฆืจื” ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช. ืขืจื‘ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืฉืš (ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืืช ื”"ืขืจื‘"). ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ื–ื” ื™ืจื“ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื“ืจืฉื” ืขืœ ืจื•ืฆื— ืžืื™ื•ื‘ (ื›"ื“, ื™"ื“):

"ืœืื•ืจ ื™ืงื•ื ืจื•ืฆื— ื™ืงื˜ืœ ืขื ื™ ื•ืื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื’ื ื‘" โ€“ โ€ฆืื™ ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืœืš ืžื™ืœืชื ื›ื ื”ื•ืจื ื“ืื ืคืฉื•ืช ืงืืชื™ โ€“ ืจื•ืฆื— ื”ื•ื ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื• ื‘ื ืคืฉื•. ื•ืื™ ืžืกืคืงื ืœืš ืžื™ืœืชื ื›ืœื™ืœื™ื "ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ืš ื›ื’ื ื‘" ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื• ื‘ื ืคืฉื•.

ืจืฉ"ื™ โ€“ "ืื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืขืœ ืขืกืงื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืชโ€ฆ" โ€“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš.
ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™.ืง.ืž ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ืœ. "ื•ื™ืงื ืงื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื•ื™ื”ืจื’ื”ื•", ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืฉืืœืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” "ืื™ ื”ื‘ืœ ืื—ื™ืš?" ืขื•ื ื” ืงื™ืŸ "ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™, ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ืื—ื™ ืื ื›ื™?"
ืจืฉ"ื™ โ€“ "ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ โ€“ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ื’ื•ื ื‘ ื“ืขืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”". ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœื ืจื•ืื™ื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื“ืžื”.

ื›ืขืช ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”.
ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื ืืžืจ "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ืŸ" ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืจ, ืฉื ื ืืžืจ "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืื•ืจ" โ€“ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืื•ืจ ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืฉืœืžื”, ืืœื ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืš. ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืžืคืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” (ื', ื™"ื‘) "ื™ื”ื™ ืžืืจืช โ€“ ื—ืกืจ ื•ื™"ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืžืืจื” ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ืืกื›ืจื” ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืชโ€ฆ". ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ื• ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืขื•ืฆืžืชื” โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืชืืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื’ื ื– ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.

6. ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืื™ื•ื‘ ื•ืฉืืœ ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”"ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืจืข ืœื• ืจืฉืข ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื•" โ€“ ืžื’ื™ืข ื™ืื•ืฉ. ืื™ื•ื‘ (ื’', ื˜') "ื™ื—ืฉื›ื• ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ื ืฉืคื• ื™ืงื• ืœืื•ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ืืœ ื™ืจืื” ื‘ืขืคืขืคื™ ืฉื—ืจ" โ€“ "โ€ฆืœื™ื™ื˜ ืœื™ื” ืื™ื•ื‘ ืœืžื–ืœื™ื”". ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ืจื•ืžื–ืช ืœืงืœืœืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื—ื˜ื, ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืงื•ืœืœ "ืงื•ืฅ ื•ื“ืจื“ืจ ืชืฆืžื™ื— ืœืš". ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื.

7. ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื ื•ืžืชืงืŸ, ืžืงื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื (ืงืœ"ื˜, ื™"ื) "ื•ืืžืจ ืืš ื—ื•ืฉืš ื™ืฉื•ืคื ื™ ื•ืœื™ืœื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ืขื“ื ื™" โ€“ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื:

ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ โ€“ ืžืคื ื™ ื—ื˜ืื™ ืฉืืฃ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืื˜ืจื“, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืžื—ืœ ืœื™ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขื•ื•ืŸ (=ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืข) ืืฃ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉืจื•ื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ื‘ื—ืจืคื”, ื”ืื™ืจ ื‘ืขื“ื ื™โ€ฆ ื›ืฉื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื“ืฉื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ืโ€ฆ

ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืขืฉื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืืžืจ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช.

ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื–

ืจืฉ"ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช. 'ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช' โ€“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื' ืชืฉืจื™. 'ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื”' โ€“ ืžื•ืคื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช ื ืขืฉื” ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื’ื ื–. ื‘ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืžืฉื” ื ืืžืจ (ื‘', ื‘') "ื•ืชืจื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื" โ€“ ืกื•ื˜ื” ื™ื "ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื ืชืžืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœื• ืื•ืจื”". ื•ืžื™ื“ "ื•ืชืฆืคื ื•" โ€“ ื”ืื•ืจ ื ื’ื ื–. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœืฉื” ื™ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ โ€“ ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืื•ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชื•ืืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื™ืžื™ื โ€“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฉืžืฉ, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื›ืืŸ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ืชืฆืคื ื”ื• ืฉืœืฉื” ื™ืจื—ื™ื" โ€“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืฆื•ืช ื”"ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืื•ืจ" ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื ื™ืงื‘ืขื•.

ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ "ืžืจ ื›ืืชืจื™ื” ื•ืžืจ ื›ืืชืจื™ื”" ืžืจืื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืืœื ืฉืื– ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” โ€“ ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืงื˜ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืจ (ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื)? ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื "ืœื™ืฉื ื ืžืขืœื™ื" โ€“ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื ืกื—ืช "ื‘ื”ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”" ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื’ื ืœื‘ื”ืžื” ื˜ืžืื” ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื”ืžื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”. ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ.

ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื•ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืก', ื™"ื˜):
"ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืขื•ื“ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืœืื•ืจ ื™ื•ืžื ื•ืœื ื•ื’ื” ื”ื™ืจื— ืœื ื™ืื™ืจ ืœืš
ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื”' ืœืื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ื•ืืœื•ืงื™ืš ืœืชืคืืจืชืš".

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *