ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืฆื ื•ืœืžื“

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ
ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ืณืชืฉืกืดื’
 
17/12/2002

ืฆื ื•ืœืžื“!

ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ื–ื• ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ืฆื1:

ื. 'ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื™ืœืš ื—ืจื ื”' ืจื‘ื™ ืคื ื—ืก ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืจ ืคืคื ืคืชื— (ืžืฉืœื™ ื’') 'ืื– ืชืœืš ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื“ืจื›ืšโ€ฆ ืื ืชืฉื›ื‘ ืœื ืชืคื—ื“' 'ืื– ืชืœืš ืœื‘ื˜ื—' โ€“ ื–ื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘', 'ืื ืชืฉื›ื‘ ืœื ืชืคื—ื“' ืžืขืฉื• ื•ืžืœื‘ืŸ 'ื•ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื” ืฉื ืชืš' โ€“ 'ื•ื™ืฉื›ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื'.
ื‘. ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืคืชื— (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื›"ื) 'ืฉื™ืจ ืœืžืขืœื•ืช ืืฉื ืขื™ื ื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื' ืืฉื ืขื™ื ื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืœืคื ื™ ื•ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื ื™ [=ืœืžืœืžื“ื™ ื•ืœืขื•ืฉื™], 'ืžืื™ืŸ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื–ืจื™' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืœืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืจื‘ืงื” ืžื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื” 'ื•ื™ืงื— ื”ืขื‘ื“ ืขืฉืจื” ื’ืžืœื™ื' ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื ื–ื ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ืฆืžื™ื“ ืื—ื“. ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื ื™ื ื ืืžืจ ื’ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœื—ื•. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืœื— ืขืžื• ืืœื ืฉืขืžื“ ืขืฉื• ื•ื ื˜ืœื” ืžืžื ื•. ื—ื–ืจ ื•ืืžืจ: ืžื” ืื ื ืžื•ื‘ื“ ืกื‘ืจื™ ืžืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื™ [=ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืื‘ื“ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืจืื™] ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ืช ืื ื ืžื•ื‘ื“ ืกื‘ืจื™ ืžืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื™ ืืœื 'ืขื–ืจื™ ืžืขื ื”'โ€ฆ ืืœ ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื•ื˜ ืจื’ืœืš ืืœ ื™ื ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืจืš ื”ื ื” ืœื ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืŸโ€ฆ ื”' ื™ืฉืžืจืš ืžื›ืœ ืจืข' ืžืขืฉื• ื•ืžืœื‘ืŸ 'ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉืš' ืžืžืœืืš ื”ืžื•ืช 'ื”' ื™ืฉืžืจ ืฆืืชืš ื•ื‘ื•ืืš' -'ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘'.

ื ืจืื” ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืžื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘" ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืฉื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”.

ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื“ืจืฉื” ื–ื• ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื ื• ื•ืœื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืชื™ื ื•. ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืœืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืฉืœื™?
ื ืจืื”, ืฉื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืื– ืชืœืšโ€ฆ". ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื, ืื•ืชื” ืขืฉื” ื™ืขืงื‘. ื”'ืฉืคืช ืืžืช'2 ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”"ืง3:

ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื™ืจื“ ืœื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืžืงื•ื“ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ ื—ื–ืง ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืชืงืข ืฉื. ื›ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื•. ื›ื ื•ื“ืข ืฉืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื. ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื–' ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืื“ื. ื•ืื– ื”ืœืš ืœื—ืจืŸ. ื•ื–"ืฉ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื– ืชืœืš ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื›ื•'. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืžื•ืกืจ ืื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–' ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืจืง ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ืฉื™"ืช. ื ืง' ืื–. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื•ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ืœื™ ืคื—ื“.

ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘, ืงื™ืฉืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืงื‘"ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื•ืžืงื” ืฉืœ ื—ืจืŸ, ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœืžืงื•ืจื•.
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื™ืœืš ื—ืจื ื”".
ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ืฆื ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื›ืฉื™ืฆื ื ืฉืืจ ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข, ืœืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ืฉื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”', ืœืงื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืœืžืงื•ืจื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื—ืจืŸ: "ืื– ืชืœืš ืœื‘ื˜ื—".
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื” ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœื‘ื•ืจ โ€“ ื™ื•ืจื“ ืืœ ืขื•ืžืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืขื ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื• ื•ืงืฉื™ื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ ื—ื–ืง ืœืžืขืœื”. ื™ืฉื ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฉืืจืช ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ื›ื— ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื—ืจืŸ, ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืฆืžืชื•.

ื‘. ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘. "ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘". ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื, ื™ืฆื ืžืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื’ื“ืœ, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ื•ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“. ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื• ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื‘ื”'. ื”"ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ" ืžื“ื™ื™ืง ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ4:

ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื "ืœ ืฉื”ื’ื™ื”ื• ื•ืžื—ืงื• ืชื™ื‘ืช ื—ื–ืจ, ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื‘ืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืžืชื™ื‘ืช ื—ื–ืจ ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืืฉ ื—"ื• ืืœื ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืžื”ื™ืื•ืฉ, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื” ื“ื›ื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ื—ื“ ืงื˜ื™ืจื ืืชืงื˜ืจ.
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืฉ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื’ื”ื” ื“ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื‘ื”' ื•ืžืฉืœื™ืš ืขืœ ื”' ื™ื”ื‘ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช, ืืœื ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™"ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฉืจ ื“ืจื›ื• ื•ื™ืคืœืก ืžืฆืขื“ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืžื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื“, ืื‘ืœ ื ืจืื” ืฉืขื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื“ืจื›ื• ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืขืค"ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉื•ื ืจื•ื•ื— ื•ื”ืฆืœื” ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ืชื• ืื™ื ื ื” ืขืค"ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืื•ื‘ื“ ืขืฆื•ืช, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืคืฉื• ืืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืขืค"ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื ื™ ืžื™ื™ื—ืœ ื•ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืœืชืฉื•ืขืช ื”' ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื‘ืขื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™"ืช ืžืืชื• ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš, ืฉืœืขื•ืžืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื•ืžืชื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื• ืชื•ืขืœืช ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืœืœ ื›ื "ืœ ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืฉ ืคืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ื— ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืชืฉื•ืขืชื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืœื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื’ื•ืคื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชืฉื•ืขื” ืขืค"ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ืื™ื ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืชื—ืช ื—ืฉืฉ ื”ื "ืœ.

ื™ืขืงื‘ "ื—ื–ืจ ื•ืืžืจ" โ€“ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืจืื” ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื” ืœืกืžื•ืš, ื’ื™ืœื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื”ืžืœื ื‘ื”'.
ื”"ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ" ืจื•ืื” ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืื“ื ืฉืžื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื•, ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช, ื•ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื‘ื•ื™ ืกืชื•ื โ€“ ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื‘ื”'.
ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžื’ืœื” ื”ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœืกืคืง ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืชื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืฉ"ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื‘ื“ื•", ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื ืžืฆื ืื™ืชื• ื”'. ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ืžื’ืœื”, ืฉื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกืชื“ืจื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช, ื’ื ืื– ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžื›ื— ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื• ื™ืช'.
ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช "ื ืฉืžืช" ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ืฆืจื” ื•ืฆื•ืงื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžืœืš ืขื•ื–ืจ ื•ืกื•ืžืš ืืœื ืืชื”". ื“ื•ืงื ืขืช ืฆืจื” ื•ืฆื•ืงื” ืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื›ื™ "ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžืœืš ืืœื ืืชื”" โ€“ ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ืขืช ืฆืจื”.
ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžืชืžื•ื˜ื˜, ื ืคืชื— ืœืื“ื ืคืชื— ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืžื•ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื›ื— ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื”' ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื‘ื”' ื’ื“ืœ ื•ืžืชื—ื–ืง.
"ื•ื™ืฆื ื™ืขืงื‘" โ€“ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื•, ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ื‘ื ืชื• ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืœ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”'.


1 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ืก"ื—, ื' ื‘'.
2 ืฉื ืช ืชืจืœ"ื”.
3 ื—"ื, ืงื™"ื‘ ืข"ื‘.
4 ืฉื ืช ืชืจืข"ื—.

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ื”ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ. ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื *